非谓语动词表格形式

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1、非谓语动词一动词不定式1.动词不定式的构成：to +动词原形(这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义) 否定： not+ (to +) 动词原形2. 动词不定式的句法功能功能例句说明主语To speak English is not easy for us. = It is not easy for us to speak English.作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主 语，而把不定式放在后面，其结构 为:It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式表语My work is to clean the room every day. = To clean the room eve

2、ry day is my work.多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换为 作主语宾语What sports does he like to play? He likes to play basketball.只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词 的宾语宾补My mother made me play the piano all the time.在 make, let, see, hear, watch 等使役动词 后，不定式省略to定语Have you got anything to say?不定式做定语，要放在所修饰词的后面状语Im sorry to trouble you.不定式作状语，其逻

3、辑主语要和句子的 主语一致1. to do 作主语常用 it 作形式主语例： To learn English well is useful. f It is useful (for us) to learn English well. 注意：在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of.2. 些表示命令，打算或希望的动词后只接动词不定式作宾语：would like, like (想要)，want, wish, hope, decide, plan, except 等。例： Would you like too see a film this

4、evening?3. 在find, think后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。例： I find it easy to read English every day.4. 常见的一些不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语Why not do, why dont you do., had better (not) do., would rater do., could/ would/will you please (not) do.例： I would rather stay in the room.5些使役动词和感官动词用不定式作宾语，但to要省略。一感(fell)、二听

5、(hear, listen to)、三让(let/ make/ let)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、 五帮助(help)，但变为被动语态是必须加上to.例： My friends were made towork the whole night by the boss.6.不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。二动名词1. 动名词的构成：动词原形+-ing2. 动名词的句法功能功能例句说明主语Eating too much is bad for your health.谓语动词用单数形式宾语动词 宾语I

6、 like playing basketball very much.表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常 性动作介词 宾语Stamps are used for sending letters.表语His hobby is collecting stamps= Collecting stamps is his hobby.多数情况下，动名词作表语可装换成 做主语定语She is in the reading room.只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关 系等。至置于所修饰词之前常跟动名词作宾语的词：完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）继续习惯别放弃

7、( keep on, be used to, give up) 考虑建议不禁想( consider, suggest, cant help, feel like) 喜欢思念要介意( enjoy, miss, mind)三分词1. 构成：动词+ -ing动词 + -ed2. 分词的句法功能功能例句说明定语Do you know the girl standing under the tree?Please hand in your written exercise.现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语 就是它所修饰的词;过去分词 作定语，其逻辑宾语就是它所 修饰的词。状语The students went

8、 out of the classroom, talking and laughing.Seen from the hill, out school looks more beautiful.分词的逻辑主语是句子的主 语表语The situation is encouraging.The boy is too frightened to move.现在分词表示主语的性质、特 征；过去分词表示某种状态（也就是我们常说的人用-ed，物用-ing.）补足 语Dont keep us waiting for a long time. I heard him singing in the classro

9、om.Hell have his hair cut after school.现在分词作补足语，被补足的 宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）；过去分词作 补足语，被补足的宾语或主语 是它的逻辑宾语（即被动关 系）四易混清单1. 动词后接不定式和动名词的区别:stop to do sth. 停下来去做-stop doing sth.停止做remember to do sth.记住要做某事（动作未发生）remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事（动作已发生）forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作未发生） Forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（动作已发生）try

10、 to do sth.努力去做某事Try doing sth.试着去做某事go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另一件事go on doing sth.继续不停地做某事allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事j regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）Regret doing sth.对做过的事感到遗憾，后悔（已做）mean to do sth. 打算，想做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别我们常见的动词有see, watch, notice, hea

11、r, feel, have等，它们接不带to的动词不定式作 宾补，表示已经完成了的经常性的动作；接现在分词做宾补，表示动作正在进行着。例： I heard him singing in the classroom. （“唱”这个动作正在进行） I heard him sing in the classroom. （“唱”这个动作已经结束） 三 Need, require, want 做“需要”解时，后加动名词主动式等于加不定式的被动式。例： The window needs cleaning The window needs to be cleaned.want to be done=want

12、 doingneed to be done=need doingrequire to be done=require doing四现在分词与过去分词的区别1. 在语态上，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动（修饰人用-ed，修饰物用-i ng）。 例： the surprising news 令人惊讶的消息a surprised man 一个感到惊讶的人2. 在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已近完成的动作。 例： the developing country 发展中国家the developed country 发达国家五.注意下列“ to”是介词，不是动词不定式。make （

13、a） contribution（s） to 为作贡献 devote to献身，致力于look forward to 期盼，盼望preferto两者间更喜欢be used to .习惯;适应1. Granny often tells us water in our daily life.A. saveB. savingC. to saveD. saves2. Richard turned off the computer after he had finished the email.A. writeB. to writeC. writingD. wrote3. Before going to

14、the History Museum, our teacher told us the public rules.D. obeyedD. to haveD. what can I useA. obeyB. to obeyC. obeying4. James, Im too tired. Lets stop a rest.A. havingB. haveC. to having5. We can use QQ to chat with other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me it?A. how to useB. what to

15、 useC. how can I use6. Wheres your brother now, Bob? I saw him in the street a moment ago and I told him .A. playing; dont do soB. playing; not do soC. play; to do so7. Hi, Steve! Our teachers told us an electric bike. Its too dangerous. I m sorry. I wont do it again. A. to rideB. not rideC. not to

16、ride8. As teenagers, we re old enough with housework. We can help set the table, wash thedishes and clean our own rooms.A. to help B. helping C. helped9. Mary dances best in our school. I agree. I ll never forget her dance for the first time.A. seeing B. to see C. see D. seen10. Chinese athletes did

17、 a great job in the Winter Olympics in Canada. It can encourage post-90s（90 后）.A. work hardB. worked harderC. working harderD. to work hard11. Dont forget an umbrella you. Its going to rain.A. to take; toB. taking; toC. to take; withD. taking; with12. Nancy is really a hard -working student. We ofte

18、n see herbooks in the classroom.A. readB. to readC. reads13. Are you going to the party at Smiths home this evening? I will if I am free.A. holdingB. heldC. to holdD. to be held14. Mrs. Smith made her students the compositions three times a week.A. writeB.to writeC.writtenD. writing15. Danny did all

19、 kinds of things to make the baby .A. to stop cryingB.stop cryingC.to stop to cryD. stop to cry16. We have two rooms , but I cant decide .A. to live; to choose which oneB.lived; choose which oneC. to lived in; which one to choseD.live; which one17. The teacher told the students any food into the com

20、puter room.A. not to bringB. not bringC. dont bringD. bring not18. At least 300 million people are using QQ by Ma Huateng to chat on line.A. creatB. createsC. creating19. The teacher asked Ben a difficult question in class.A. answerB. answeringC. to answer20. Youd better too much time playing comput

21、er games.A. dont spendB. not to spendC. to not spend21. More and more young people are trying to do something A. servedB. to serveC. serveD. createdD. answeredD. not spend the old.D. serves22. Is Jack in the library? Maybe. I saw him out with some books just now.A. going B. goC. to go23 Dad, why sho

22、uld I stop computer games? For your health, my boy, I m afraid you.A. to play; mustB. playing; have toC. to play; canD. wentD. playing; may24. Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother? Yes, its well worth . Its moving that I ve seen it twice.A. seeing; too B. to see; enough C. seeing; so D. to see;

23、such25. Why not your teacher for help when you cant finish it by yourself?A. ask; writeB. to ask; writingC. ask; writing D. asking; writing26. If people cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere.A. keep; to live inB. will keep; to live in C. keep; to liveD. will keep; to live27. His parents of

24、ten encourage him hard.A. work B. working C. to work D. works28. Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot him for his telephone number.A. ask B. asking C. and ask D. to ask29. Last weekend I went to the library some books on how to protect environment.A. to borrowB. borrowC. borrowedD. bor

25、rowing30. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up? It makes me very proud.A. feltB. to feelC. feelingD. feel31. The boy promised late for school again.A. to not beB. not to beC. not beingD. being not32. Its very nice pictures for me.A. of you do draw B. for you to draw C. for you draw

26、ing D. of you drawing33. China will spend about 52 billion yuan new airports and old ones in the westof China in the 11th Five - Year Plan period.时期）A. repairing; building B. to build; repairC. building; repairing D. to repair; build34. There are so many kinds of pens here. I cant decide .A. when to

27、 chooseB. to choose whichC. which one to choose35. What about playing football this afternoon, Sam? I would rather at home than football. its too hot outside.A. stay; playingB. stay; playC. to stay; to playD. to stay; playing36. It took Li Ming an hour his bike yesterdayA.to repairB. repairingC. rep

28、airedD. repair37. Its important _ the piano well.A. of him to playB. for him to playC. of him playingD. for him playing38. My job is you Japanese.A. to teachB. teachC. teachesD. taught39. The doctor _ a boy yesterday.A. had saved; dyingB. saved; deadC. has saved; deadD. saved; dying40. Would you mind _me how English words?A. tell; to rememberB. telling; rememberC.telling; to rememberD. tell; remember答案：15 CCBDA2125 BBBCC610 BCAAD2630 CCDAD1115 CADAB3135 BACCB1620CADCD3640ABADC