新视野第一册unit3讲义

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1、FarmerPeasantSense of fulfillmentSense of humorSense of valueSense of justiceSense of responsibilitySense of accomplishmentGeneral SecretarySecretary GeneralLean:l.be against a wall or a surfaceHe likes to lean on thewatching the boats go by.bridge,2.Bend in a certain directionThe Leaning TowerLean

2、backward 后仰Lean forward 向 前俯身Fore:foresee 预见BeforeForecast预告，预报Lean on(depend on,rely on)They always lean on us when they arein trouble.Lean on ones adviceBalance1.mental/emotional calmTry psychotherapy when you arelacking balance in your life.Psychology-psychologist2.a state that all you weights an

3、dstrength are evenly spreada sense of balancekeep ones balancebalance v.1 .consider in relation to sth,compare权衡You have to balance the advantagesand disadvantages of telecommuting.（远程工作）2.to be even and keep balanceYou must learn to balance when youride a bicycle.Severe-seriousBe severely damaged/d

4、isabledCripple:make someone unable tomove or walk properlyA crippling blow 致残的一击The accident crippled him for his life.n.痫子，跛子a severe cripplehandicapped person/specially-abledperson残疾人senior citizen 老年人inward-inwardly向内的，精神的，内心的backward,outward,forwardfor/foreforbidden foresee,forecast,beforebother

5、:1.make someone worried or upsetI am busy,and do not bother me.His old injury kept bothering him.2.(usually in negative sentences andquestions)make some efforts to dosth.Do not bother helping her on myaccount.不要因为血的缘故而帮她。Let on 泄露 let knownI think he knows more about it than hehas prepared to let on

6、.Coordinate:to work different parts ofthings very well.协调，适应Coordinate our efforts 齐心协力Co-(together)CoexistCohabitate共同栖息CooperateCofounder-foundationHalt v.stopn.stop/pauseProduction was brought to a halt bythe strike.Come to a haltStart o u t出发，出门We start out early so that we can reachthe summit b

7、efore nightfall.Nightfall/sunriseSummit顶峰，峰会Pacen.1.speed of walking/running2.speed at which things happenPace of modern lifev.walk with slow,regular speed踱步Pace back and forthAdjust to the weightlessness 适应失重状态Subway(underground,metro)地铁Despite(in spite of)Make it1.successfully doing sthYears later

8、,he made it to the upperlevels of the corporateladder,(metaphor)2.manage to arrive on timeWe want to make it to the supermarketbefore it is closed.Cling to(clung,clung)1.hold sth tightly2.continue to believe in sthShe still clings to the idea that her sonwas alive.Cling to a belief/a method/principl

9、eFree of：not containing sthunpleasantA world free of war/nuclear weaponsMeals free of chargeBe amazed at/be astonished atBe amazed to/that/how(degree)You would be amazed at how difficultthe work was.Subject:cause someone to experiencesth unpleasantBe subject toHe was subject to severe torture.The sc

10、ientists subject the product tosevere tests.subjectn.主题，话题；学科，科目；哲主观adj.须服从的；（在君主等）统治下的v.提供，提出；使隶属The empirical evidence consideredhere is subject to many qualifications.此处提及的实验证据有诸多限制条件。ad j可能受影响的;易遭受的To be subject to something means tobe affected by it or to be likely to beaffected by it.Prices ma

11、y be subject to alteration.价格可能会有所变动。In addition,interest on Treasury issuesisnt subject to state and local incometaxes.另外，国债利息不需缴纳政府和地方所得税。a disorder in which the person1 s moodis subject to wild swings from maniato depression.患者情绪在狂热和抑郁之间疯狂起伏的紊乱状态adj.受支配的;服从于的If someone is subject to a particular

12、setof rules or laws,they have to obeythose rules or laws.The tribunal（特别法庭）is uniquebecause Mr Jones is not subject to thenormal police discipline code.因为琼斯先生不受一般的治安条例法规约束，所以专门设立了特别法庭。arguing that as a sovereign state itcould not be subject to anothercountry1 s laws.争论说作为一个主权国家其不受其他国家法律的约束V.使经受;使遭受I

13、f you subject someone to somethingunpleasant,you make themexperience it.the man who had subjected her to fouryears of beatings and abuse.使她遭受了 4 年毒打和辱骂的男人Innocent civilians are being arrestedand subjected to inhumane treatment.无辜的平民正被逮捕并遭受非人的虐待。Civil rightcivilizecivil war词根：ject=throw/st,表示“投掷，扔”同根

14、词Adj.abject 可怜的（ab 离开+ject 抛f抛一可怜的）Adj.subject隶属的;易遭（sub在下面+ject投掷,扔一扔下去一服从的，扔下去大家讨论的主题）n.adjective形 容 词 的，用作形容词的（a d增加+ject投掷，扔+ive的一扔上去的，附加的）n.reject拒绝，落选者（re回+ject扔回来f拒绝）n.subject主题;学科（sub在下面+ject投掷,扔一扔下去一服从的，扔下去大家讨论的主题）n.subjection 征服（subject n.主题;学科adj.隶 属 的；易 遭.的 v.使隶属+ion表名词一n.征服）n.&v.conject

15、ure 推测，臆测（con 共同+ject投掷，扔+ure表名词一大家一起扔 思想 一推测）v.deject使沮丧，使灰心（d e向下+ject投掷，扔一情绪向下扔一沮丧）v.object to 反对（ob 逆，反+ject 投掷,扔一反着扔一反对一引申为扔向目标）v.project 投射出（pro 向前+ject 扔f扔向前面一投射;引申为工程项目）Subject同义词issue,subject,theme,topic这些名词均有“主题，话题”之意。issue：指有争论、议论，急需讨论研究的热点话题。subject：一般用词，使用广泛。指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等中所隐含的、暗示的，需要由读者

16、或听众推断的主题或中心话题。theme：系正式用词，多指文学、艺术作品的主题，或论文、演说的主题。topic：普通用词，含义广泛，但其范畴小于subject。既可指文章、讲话的题目，谈话的内容，又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。Be liable,apt,likely,prone,subject to这些形容词均含“倾向于的；易于的”之意。Stress n.1.pressure,continuous feeling ofworry2.special attention/emphasis/importanceShe put a great deal of stress on aprop

17、er behavior.Put stress/emphasis on=emphasize onv.give particular attention toHe stressed on careful spending.I cannot stress on the importance ofregulations and rules enough.Complaint:your expression ofdissatisfaction of sth.投诉，建议，抱怨Engage:l.take part in/be involved insthOfficials should not engage

18、inbusiness affairs.Official n.官员A dj.官方的The professor engaged himself in theresearch.Engage oneself in sth2.hire someone(hire,fire)I engaged him to do routine work.3.attract someone and keep theminterestedI like to play games that engage myattention and keep my brain active.Brainstorm(metaphor 暗喻)Fi

19、nd oneself v+ing/v+ed/prepThey found the team without amanager.I find myself agreeing witheverything she said.They found themselves surroundedby water.SunbatheOccasion:a time that sth happens.On the occasion of your visit,I wasnot at home.Occasional adj.偶然的，偶尔的Occasional visitBe content to do/be sat

20、isfied doingPerfectly content 心满意足，十分满音“Perfect 厂 You are such a perfect match.般 酉 己，天生一对OUnaidedAid n.帮助In aid o f.First aid 急救They held a concert in aid of thehospital in red.(赤字的)v.provide help or supportcomputer-aided design(CAD)unaided:without helpHe finished the task completelyunaided.In frust

21、rationShe screamed out in horror.她惊恐地尖叫了起来。He went away in disappointment.Kid=make fun of(v)Kid n.孩子 DINK：Double income,no kid.丁克家庭Urge:v.to strongly suggest someoneto do sth.The captain urged his team membersto make more efforts this year.队长，船长n.a strong wish,desire,needI had a urge to tell the bos

22、s what Ithought of him.Boss-bossy专横的，以自我为中心的Take a dive:to lose a gamedishonestly,especially a boxinggame(metaphor,slang expression)whenone boxer loses a game intentionally,the gambler(赌博 的 人)who paidhim in secret would win his bets(赌注)n.I bet you a meal on that game,vFBI:Federal Bureau of Investiga

23、tionSee to it that 确保:make sure sth isdoneFather sees to it that much of myspare time was not wasted.Be gone(pass away)去世（Euphemism 委婉语）Reluctance:unwillingness to do sthThe lawyer nodded with reluctance.Reluctant:adjHe made a reluctant promise.A solemn promiseEnvious:wanting sth others haveAn envious man shall never behappy with what he has.