2021教资英语句法4-1

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1、2020教资英语学科句法4三大从句一、定语从句二、名词性从句三、状语从句句法13特殊句式一、虚拟语气二、倒装句三、强调句四、省略句五、独立主格，、虚拟语气What is subjunctive mood?虚拟语气用来表示说话人的 主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过 谓语动词的特殊形式 来表示。考点:动词形式1 .与 目关2.与愿望、建议、要求、命令等相关虚拟语气3.“要是就好了/好像”4.Its(high/about)time+从句5.虚拟语气的其他形式我爱学习，学习真好if引导的条件状语从句错综时间条件句1 .与if相关省略if代替if试比较 If it rains tom

2、orrow,I will cancel the date with my girlfriend.If I won the lottery of 5 million dollars,my girlfriend.I would buy a big villa for我不信!i f引导的条件状语从句（非真实）从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反lf+主语+did 主语+should/would/could/might+do与过去事实相反lf+主语+had done 主语+should/would/could/might+have done与将来事实相反的假设什+主语+didlf+主语+were to+do

3、什+主语+should+do主语+should/would/could/might+dowould（会，将会）；should（应该）；could（能够，可以）；might（可能）举个蔻子从句谓语 主句谓语与现在事实相反 什+主语+did 主语+should/would/could/might+doIf I were you,I would go with him to the concert.If you were a panda,everybody would love you.If we（是）billionaires,we（买）anything we like now.学个薄子句谓语 主句

4、谓语与过去事实相反 什+主语+had done 主语+should/would/could/might+have don（If I had known he was sick,I wouldnt have asked him to do that.If he had had her number,he would have called her.If we（没结婚），we（可能没有）a child last year.争军个蔻子r.从句谓语与将来事实相反的假设lf+主语+should+dolf+主语+did 主语+should/would/could/might+dolf+主语+were to

5、+doIf you should get/got/were to get a full score tomorrow,I would giveyou a billion dollars.If I should ask/asked/were to ask him,he might help me.If he（出现）tomorrow,I（就嫁给他）him.勤学勤练1.If I had seen the advertisementjA.would have appliedC.would applyfor the job.B.w川 have appliedD.will apply【2014下高中】2.

6、She doesnt want to work right now because she thinks that if sheprobably wouldnt be able to visit her friends very often.A.has to get B.were to getC.had got D.could have gota job she代替if讦引导的条件状语从句1 .与计相关错综时间条件句V-省略if错综时间条件句从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反 什+主语+did 主语+should/would/could/might+do与过去事实相反lf+主语+had done

7、主语+should/would/could/might+have de与将来事实相反的假设lf+主语+should+dolf+主语+did 主语+should/would/could/might+dolf+主语+were to+do你当初要是听我的,现在就不会失业了。If you had listened to me before,you would not lose your job now.错综时间条件句1.如果我是你，这房我十年前就会买了。If I you,I the house 10 years ago.2.要是你以前努力学习，现在应该能找到更好的工作吧。If you hard bef

8、ore,youa much better job now.3.要不是之前下太多雨，我们现在就不会这么担心了。If itso much,weso much now.审核评估小组来检查了勤学勤练1.We back in the hotel now if you hadnt lost the map.A.are B.wereC.w川 be D.would be2.If I to him yesterday,I should know what to do now.A.had spokenC.spokeB.have spokenD.speak计引导的条件状语从句代替if1 .与if相关,错综时间条件句

9、省 略if省略if：如果条件从句中包含有were,had,should,有时可把讦省略掉,把were,had,should 放在主语前，变成倒装句式。If you had come earlier,Had you come earlier,you would have met him.you would have met him.If it werent for the rain,I would be going hiking now.If he should ignore your pain,you should break up with him.小试真题【2017下初中】minister

10、s decide to instigate an inquiry,we welcome it.A.Should;would B.Suppose;couldC.If;would D.Would;w川【2018下高中】they to cut down the cost of advertising,the cost of production significantly fallA.Are;will B.Were;shallC.Are;should D.Were;would1.与if相关省略if讦引导的条件状语从句错综时间条件句代替if代替if：（含蓄条件句）介词或介词短语without/but

11、for等十 名词结构代替计条件句表示的虚拟语气。主句谓语与过去事实相反 主语+should/would/could/might+have+done与现在事实相反 主语+should/would/could/might+do与将来事实相反的假设 主语+should/would/could/might+do1.Without vour help Of we had not had your help),we could not have succeeded.2.But for electridty(If there were no electricity),there would be no mo

12、dern industry.举个蔻子要不然，否贝1 J：or,or else,otherwiseWe didnt know his address,his address)we would haveor/otherwise/or else O f wevisited him yesterday.known念勤学苦练It is lucky we booked a room,or wenowhere to stay now.A.hadB.had hadC.would haveD.would have had即时回顾从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反lf+主语+主语+should/would/could

13、/might与过去事实相反什+主语+主语+should/would/could/might与将来事实相反的假设lf+主语+lf+主语+lf+主语+主语+should/would/could/might宾语从句2.与愿望、建议、要求、命令等相关主语从句(should)do表语或同位语从句suggest,require,order,etc.+宾语从句在一些表示建议、愿望、要求、请求、劝告、意志、欲望、命令、安排、决定等的动词的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气(should d o)。ask,require,request,demand,pray,insist,desire,maintain,propose

14、,suggest,move,urge,advise,recommend,command,order,arrange,decide.1 坚持 insist2命令 command,order,3建议 advise,suggest,propose4要求 demand,ask,desire,urge外加推荐和决定 recommand和 decideShe demanded(that)the paper(should)be rewritten.He insisted(that)the meeting(should)be put off.They proposed(that)all the plans(s

15、hould)be discussed at the meeting.注意:如 suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表 明”“坚持认为”,且后面从句中的动作已经发生时，使用陈述语气。1 .He insisted that she was seriously ill.2.The evidence suggests that single fathers are more likely to workthan single mothers.位勤学苦练1.I insisted to see a doctor,but he insisted nothing wrong with him.A.o

16、n him to go;should be B.he went;beC.he go;was D.he should go;is2.We thanked him for his hospitality and kindness,and suggested that he the taxi.A.callC.callingB.calledD.would call宾语从句2.与愿望、建议、要求、命令等相关主语从句(should)do表语或同位语从句it is important,required,etc.+主语从句.在it is+表示要求、建议、必要、命令等意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中。这类形

17、容词和分词有：分词:（建议）proposed,suggested,advised,recommended（请求）demanded,required,requested（愿望）desired,decided,insisted（命令）ordered,commanded形容词：advisable,desirable,preferable,better,essential,importanatural,necessary,possible,probable,strange,urgent,incredint,）le等也可以是名词：it is a pity,it is a wonder,it is a s

18、hame1 .Its necessary that we(should)start to do the work right away.2.It is a pity that she(should)call black white.3.It is requested that students(should)return the books to the librarybefore they are overdue.吃几个栗子勤学苦练1.It is ordered by the boss that the legal documents to him before lunch.A.be sen

19、t B.were sentC.were to be sent D.must be sent2.Its a pity that she so careless in the final exam.A.should be B.shouldnt beC.isD.was宾语从句2.与愿望、建议、要求、命令等相关主语从句(should)do表语或同位语从句用于表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气在一些表示愿望、建议、要求、命令等意义的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句后,谓语动词要用虚拟语气。advice,decision,idea,order,plan,proposal,recommendaton,sugges

20、tion,opinion,requirement,direction,policy1 .My opinion is that we(should)review their proposal right now.2.He made the request that the problem(should)be settled at once.if引导的条件悔从句表愿望、建议、要求、命令等意思的名词后 的表语从句或同位语从句3.要是 .就好了；好像 wish+宾语从句：虚拟语气用于wish之后的宾语从句中，常译为“但愿；要是就好了”不同情况从句谓语与过去愿望相反had done与现在愿望相反did（

21、be 动词用were）与将来事实相反would/could 等+dou I wish you had come to my birthday party yesterday,u I wish I were rich.u I wish she wouldtry again.if only表示愿望不同情况感叹句谓语与过去事实相反的愿望had done与现在事实相反的愿望did（be动词用were）与将来事实相反的愿望would/could 等+do If only you had come to my birthday party.If only you were my roommate.If o

22、nly I could turn into a man tomorrow.as if或as though+方式状从/表从 You look as if you didn*t care.;不同情况从句谓语与过去事实相反had done与现在事实相反did（be动词用were）与将来事实相反would/could 等+do He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.(4)would rather/had rather+宾语从句不同情况从句谓语与过去事实相反had done与现在事实相反did（be动词一般用were）与将来事实相反 Id rather you went tomorrow(now).Id rather we had never met each other before.