高考英语虚拟语气练习及详解

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1、虚拟语调一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语调用于条件状语从句中 (1)表达与目前事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“ould /sold/ could mig + 动词原形”。如:f we ao, Iwould joinh army.Ifte ha tie, he shoul g with ou.(）表达与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完毕时，主句中的谓语动词则用“woud / shd/ migh /cud +av +过去分词”。如:If he ha taken yvie， he wu have succeed in

2、thecompetition.(3)表达与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或sold（wereo) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用wouldshoudcou might + 动词原形。如;fit were o ra tmoro, the fotbal match would be put（4)当条件状语从句表达的行为和主句表达的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所示的时间作相应调节。如：f they hd we ard, thywoulevrired(从句说的是过去,主句指的是目前)如下表格是虚拟语调用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式:条件状语从句主

3、 句与过去事实相反ad + 过去分词should /would/cud/mht+ ave 过去分词与目前事实相反一般过去时(be用wer)wold/uld/uldmiht + 动词原形与将来事实相反一般过去时或oul（weret) 动词原形ould/should/col/gt+ 动词原形有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“wre / had / huld 主语”。如:Were abo, woud jon the army.Hade taken my advice, e wud hve scceede.ereit nt forhe expnse,I ou gt Brtin.2、虚

4、拟语调用于名词性从句(）虚拟语调在宾语从句中的运用。“wish+ 宾语从句”表达不能实现的愿望，译为“要是就好了”等。表达目前不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表达将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“wo/could+ 动词原形”;表达过去不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“hd + 过去分词”或“ud(sould)+ he +过去分词”。如： wish t ere spin all the around. ishI had know te answerI ish cld fy lke ai.在表达建议、规定、命令等的动词suggs、advis、popose、demand、re

5、qire、nss qut、comad、orer等后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用houl 动词原形或是动词原形。如：Shesstedwe(hould）eavehere aonce.Thdotr ordeed she shld beoperted.(2)虚拟语调在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表达建议、规定、命令等的名词advis、ide、order、emad、plan、oposal、sgetin、rt等的表语从句和同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词用“(sod)+ 动词原形”。如:Hsugestion tha e (shod)goto hanaiis wodrful.My idea is thathey

6、 (shoud) 00 dollars(3）虚拟语调在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语调用“shoud 动词原形”的构造,表达惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如:It i ecesar(irtan， natura,trn, etc.)thatwe sould can th oom eerday.It wasa ity （asame, no wone, etc.)tht yu shoulde so aee.It will esred（uggste，decided, orered， reueted, prposed, ec.)that she shold fish herhomeork

7、thiteroo.注意：这种从句表达的是事实。如果说人对这种事实体现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语调。反之，如果不表达惊奇等情感,that从句也可用陈述句语调。如:It i ity tha youcant s.、虚拟语调在其她场合的运用（1)虚拟语调在a ias though、eve fevnhough等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表达的动作发生在过去，用过去完毕时；指目前状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：Hedid it as if e wr n expe.e if shewerhere， she culd no ovethe prble.(2)虚拟语调用于定语从句中。

8、这种从句常用于句型“It s (high)tie (ht）”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用wr）或huld + 动词原形,意思是“(目前)该”。如:ts tme hat Ipicke upmy daghter.Itshigh time we we going（3）虚拟语调用在if oly引导的感慨句中。如:If l I wr abrd.fony Ihad tken his adve.（4)虚拟语调在某些简朴句中的运用。情态动词的过去式用于目前时态时，表达说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语调委婉,常出目前平常会话中。如：It would bebetter or yu o tota ptoo

9、 ate.Woul yo be ind nutolse th door?用于某些习惯体现法中。如：Wud you lkea cp o ea?Iwould thernotl ou. 二、精典名题导解选择填空1. hena ecili arly in a glas of water, it looks as ifit _. (NE 5)bras B.has broe .ere ren D.had ben bren 解析:答案为C。本题考察的是ai 引导的让步状语从句中的语调问题，if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致,不用虚拟语调,如果与事实相反,应用虚拟语调。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去仿

10、佛断了”。而事实上铅笔并未断,与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般目前时,因而本句是对一般目前时的虚拟，用were roen。2. ddn se ursiser ahe metin. she_, shewudhavmet mybroher.(NMT 94）.ascome B.did co C.ce Dha coe解析：答案为。本题考察的是f条件句中的虚拟语调。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐,故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语调的时态是一般过去时的虚拟,因此从句中用had+过去分词。3. If he _, _ta food.Luckiy e as et to the ho

11、spialimmediatly(NT 93） Awasared; uld ot kehad een aned; woul n have tkenCwoud be warnd; hdnot takenD.uld hve been waned; a not tn解析:答案为。本题考察的是条件状语从句与主句表达与事实相反时虚拟语调的用法。根据下一句语境可知,她事先并没有得到警告，表达过去时间的虚拟语调，故选B。虚拟语调.I enjoyehemoe very uchI ishI the book from whch it s ad Ahav ed B.d read .should hae read a

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