主谓一致导学案
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1、主谓一致导学案1 谓语动词用单数的种种情况。2 就近原则。3 定语从句中的主谓一致。【自主学习】主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题,可依据三项原则:语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。根据这些原则,总结如下:1. 时间、距离、重量、价值、数目等名词复数作整体看待时,谓语用单数。 eg: Thirty dollars _ too high a price for the book.(be) Another 10 years _ passed since he left. (have) Fifteen miles _ like a long walk to me.
2、 (seem)2. 由主语从句、不定式短语、动名词作主语时,谓语用单数。 When they will discuss it _ not been made public. (have) To die for the people_ a worthy death. (be) Looking after the children _ her full-time job. (be)3. 以s结尾的学科名词(maths, physics, politics, economics)作主语,谓语用单数。 Physics _worth studying. (be) Maths _ a difficult
3、science. (be)4. 书、报、地名、国名、组织、疾病等以复数形式出现时,谓语用单数。 The Times usually _ for the British government.(speak) The United States _ made up of 50 states.(be) The United Nations _ a world organization.(be)5. news/ crossroads 等复数形式表单数概念时,而 works/ woods means单复数同形,视情况而定。 Bad news _ wings.(have) (好事不出门,恶事传千里) Th
4、e glass works _ set up in 1980.(be) Every means _ been tried to settle the problem.(have) All means _ been tried to settle the problem.(have)6. 并列主语指同一概念时,谓语用单数。如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉) A thief and murderer _ sentenced to death.(be) Bread and butter _ served for breakfast.(be) C
5、are and patience _ needed in our work.(be) Early to bed and early to rise _a good habit.(be)Someone _ looking for you.(be)Everything _ nice in your garden.(be)Anyone _ forbidden to smoke here.(be)7. some thing谓单 any one no bodyEach man and each woman _ invited to the party.(be) Every boy and every g
6、irl as well as some teachers who to visit the museum asked to be at the school gate before 600 in the morning.A.are;are B.is;is C.is;are D.are;is everywhere 8. each (each)名单谓单名单and every (every) no no many a many a但是,each位于and连接并列单数主语之后,修饰复数概念的主语时,谓语用复数。名词单数谓单The boy and the girl each _ their own to
7、ys.(have)9. many a, the whole,each ,every, neither,either The whole nation _ in deep sorrow at Lincolns death.(be) Every country _ its customs.(have) Neither story _ true.(be)谓单10. each the名复数ofneither them, useither you注意:none of 和 neither of 后面跟复数名词或复数代词是,有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待,主要根据说话人的意思决定。Either of the
8、 bicycles _ to me.(belong)Neither of them _ solved the problem.(have)两个全都没解决问题。Neither of them _ solved the problem.(have)两个没有一个解决了问题。11. 由两个部分构成的物质名词(trousers, pants, jeans, compasses, glasses, shorts等)直接作主语时谓语用复数,若其前加 a pair of 则由pair的单复数决定谓语动词的数。 This pair of、That pair of、A pair of名词的复数谓单The trou
9、sers _ cleaning.(need) That pair of trousers _ to me.(belong)Here _ some new pairs of shoes.(be)More than one soldier _ killed in the battle.(be)More soldiers than one _ killed in the battle.(be)谓语单数12. There be + 名单 + and + 复数名词More than one + 名词单数More + 名复 + than one +谓语复数13. a + 名单+ and+ a half +
10、 谓单one and a half + 复数名词 + 谓单A month and a half _ passed since I saw him.(have)One and a half apples _ left on the plate.(be)14. man 人类谓单 All the world _ that the earth is round.(know)the world 世人clothing 衣着A series of lectures on psychology _ said to be given by Mr. Stone.(be)名词单/复数谓单15. a series o
11、f a species of 16. the + 姓的复数形式 + 谓复The Greens _ going to make a trip to London.(be)17. 以复数形式出现的表示群岛,山脉,瀑布等的专有名词 + 谓复。The Philippines _ to the southeast of China.(lie)As is known to us all, the Rocky Mountains _in North America.(stand)18. the folks, people 等集体名词谓复 police, cattle Chinese, French 其中,C
12、hinese, Japanese, English, French等表示语言时,谓语用单数。The police _running after the thief.(be) The Chinese _ very hard-wording.(be)Chinese _ difficult to learn.(be)19. the blind, deaf, poor, living, young, dead, wounded表示一类人 + 谓复。 Generally, the young _ greedy/ eager/ thirsty for knowledge.(be)20. 主语 + as w
13、ell as, rather than, along/ together with, like, such as, besides, but, except + 名词 + 谓语与前面的主语一致。(就远原则) He as well as I _ absent from the meeting.(be)21. or, nor, eitheror, neithernor, not only, but also直接两个主语时,谓语与最近的一致。(就近原则) You, he or I _ right.(be) Neither you nor he _ right.(be) _ either he or
14、you right?(be) 但:Both he and I are right. 除外 A pair of glasses on the table,but the glasses not yours.A.is;are B.are;is C.is;is D.are;are22. class, army, crew, family, team, enemy, group, party, couple, government, audience, committee等集体名词 + 谓语视情况而定, 看作整体时,谓语用单数;强调其中各个成员时,谓语用复数。 eg: His family_ smal
15、l but the family _ advanced workers.(be)单名谓单复数谓复不可名谓单23. half, part, all, any, some, a lot, lots.Of plenty, rest, most, a supply, supplies. 分数/百分数 eg: Forty percent of the work _ been done.(have) Most of the food _ fit to eat.(be) the works _ been published.(have) the apples _eg: The writer and teac
16、her _ coming.(be) The writer and the teacher _ coming.(be) The man and woman _coming.(be)24. A/ the + 单名and名单 指一个人+谓单指两个人+谓复 25. what, who, which, such常与其后的名词作表语一致。 eg: What you said _ of great importance.(be) What you left _ only several old books.(be) Such _ our plan.(be) Such _ his words.(be)eg:
17、He is one of the boys who _ helped me.(have)He is the (only) one of the boys who _ helped me.(have)Only one of the students who _(be)present _(be)to speak at the meeting.26. one of the + 名复 + 谓单 one of the + 名复 + 定语从句 + 谓复 the (only/very) one of the + 名复 + 定语从句 + 谓单 Barbara is easy to recognize as s
18、hes the only one of the women who evening dress A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn27. nobut 与前一致 eg: No one but we _名词/代词 and not 与前一致 Jack and not we _ seen the film.(have)Notbut 与后一致 Not one but we _ 28. population 单复数与表语一致。表整体用单数,表部分用复数。 eg: The population of China_ very large.(be)eg: A number
19、 of rooms _ on sale.(be) The number of the rooms _ 20. (be) 80 percent of the population of China _ farmers.(be)29. The number of + 复数+谓单A number of + 复数+谓复eg: Large quantities of money _spent on the bridge.(be) A large quantity of money _ spent on the bridge.(be)A large quantity of materials_ spent
20、 on the bridge.(be)30. a large quantity of + 名单 + 谓单 名复 + 谓复/单 large quantities of + 名单/复 + 谓复 31. an amount of + 不可数名词 + 谓单 A large amount of money _ spent on books.(be) Amounts of + 不可数名词 + 谓复 Large amounts of money _ spent on books.(be)32. a variety of + 名复+ V复 名单+V单 eg: A great variety of flower
21、s _ shown there.(be)The variety of +名复+V单 There _ a considerable variety of opinion.(be)Varieties of 名单/复数+谓复 There _ several varieties of red roses.(be)33. An average of +名复+谓复 eg: An average of 3 students _ absent each day.(be) the average of +名复+谓单 The average of 14, 3and 1 _ 16.(be)34. a total o
22、f +名复+谓复 eg: A total of 300 letters _ received last month.(be) The total of 名复+谓单 The total of letters received last month _ 300. (be) A majority of people _ part in the sports meet.(take)The majority _ in favor of the plan.(be)The majority of population _ in cities.(live)35. a majority/ minority of
23、 +名复+谓复 The majority/ minority +谓单/复 The majority/ minority of +名复+谓单/复数eg: One or two days _ enough for them.(be)A book or two _ enough.(be)Inside each folder(卷宗)_ one or two sheets of information.(be)36. one or two +名复+谓复 a +名单or two +谓单 在倒装句中 one or two +名复+谓单It is not J.K. Rowling but her works
24、that us excited. A.makes B.is madeC.make D.are made37. one in/ out of/ of +名复+谓单,但在新闻报道中在非正式文体中也可用复数。eg: One out of twenty _ badly damaged.(be)38. all 作主语,若指人,谓语用复数;若指物,谓语用单数。 All _ present.(be) All _ going on very well.(be) All that should be done _ been done.(have)39.a/this kind/sort/type/form of
25、+ 复数名词 all/many kinds/sorts/types/forms of + 复数名词 谓语由of前的名词决定 复数名词 + this kind/sort/type/form This new type of buses _ now on show.(be) Buses of this type _ on show.(be) All kinds of difficulties _ to be overcome.(have) 活学活用:1、 Mathematics _ the language of science.(be)2、 Many a student _ English.(l
26、ove)3、 There _ many books and a pen on the desk.(be)4、 More than one example _ necessary to make the students understand this rule clearly.(be)5、 Nobody but Jane _ the secret.(know)6、 No boy and no girl _ admitted.(be)7、 On the bed _ a pair of socks.(be)8、 Professor Smith, along with his assistants,
27、 _ working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.(be)9、 Three glasses of water _ what I want.(be)10、 Those kinds of fruit _ cheap.(be)11、 Books of this kind _ well.(sell)12、 Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.(be)13、 When and where to build
28、the new factory _ yet.(decide)14、 Two thirds of Toms friends _(be) poor and two thirds of his money _(go) to these poor friends.15、 It is I who _ your true friend.(be)16、 In the dark forests _ many lakes.(lie)17、 With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.A. is wash
29、ing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away18、Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the Johnsons.A. are B. is C. being D. to be 19、He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. are C. have been D. has
30、been20、-Are the two answers correct? -No, _ correct.A. no one is B. both are not C. neither is D. either is not21、As you can see, the number of cars on roads _ rising these days.A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping22、All the employees except the manager _ to work online at home.A. encoura
31、ges B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged23、What caused the fire and how much the loss _ still unknown.A. was are B. is were C. was is D. was was 24、Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used25、Those who _ to go with me, please raise your hands.A. wants B. want C. wanting D. are wanting
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