初一英语(下)重点知识

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1、MODULE 11. listen 听（强调动作） hear 听见（强调结果）I listened carefully but I heard nothing. 我仔细听但什么也没听到。2. We are on a school trip. 我们在参加学校郊游。3. What are the others doing? 其他人在干什么？4. lie in the sun / on the beach躺在沙滩上5. send sb a postcard 寄给某人一张明信片 send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth.6. enjoy the school trip a lot

2、/ very much 非常喜欢学校郊游7. anyway 无论如何 （转移话题）8. buy some presents = shop for presents 买礼物 buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. go shopping for presents 去买礼物9. enjoy sth. 喜欢某物 enjoy oneself = have a good/ great time enjoy/ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事10. take sth. to sw. 把某物带到某地 take away11. at this moment=now 此时此刻

3、（现在进行时）12. in different places 在不同的地方 (比较the same) 13. do different things 做不同的事情14. leave work 下班 be at work 上班 He is at work. = He is working.15. wait for buses 等公共汽车 16. run for trains 跑去乘火车17. have afternoon tea 喝下午茶 18. go to the opera 去听歌剧19. watch a ballet 看芭蕾 20. get dressed 穿衣；打扮 see friend

4、s 看望朋友20. call home 给家里打电话 call sb. = give sb. a call= phone sb. 21. greetings from 来自的问候 22. talk on ones phone 用某人的手机打电话23. do taijiquan，打太极拳 do yangge 扭秧歌24. 现在进行时的构成：be动词+ 动词的现在分词MODULE 21. What traditions do you have at the Spring Festival? 在春节你们有什么传统？2. lots of traditions 许多传统 3. clean the hou

5、se 打扫房子 do some cleaning4. sweep away bad luck 扫走坏运 5. paint red 把涂成红色6. It means 它意味着 What does it mean? (meaning n.)7. decorate with 用装饰 8. have a haircut 剪头发9. everyone 后面谓语动词用单数： everyone has a haircut10. visit our family and friends 看望亲戚朋友11. at midnight 在半夜 (at noon= in the middle of day) 12.f

6、ireworks 用复数13.bring sb. sth. bring sth to sb. 给某人带来 bring back14. at night ， in the evening15. get ready for sth. (be ready for sth.) get ready for doing sth. 为做准备16. sweep the floor 扫地 17. learn a dragon dance 学舞龙18. make lanterns 做灯笼 19.cook the meal 做饭 do some cooking20. be interested in sth 对某物

7、感兴趣 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣MODULE 31. check my email 查收我的邮件 get up early 起早 have a picnic 郊游 go to a party 去参加聚会 at the party revise / review for my test 复习准备考试 （为考试而复习）do some revision stay in bed 呆在床上 at a friends home 在朋友家 take the plane to=go to sw. by plane乘飞机去/ take the plane fromt

8、o乘飞机从到walk up the Great Wall 爬长城 make friends 交朋友 stay in a hotel呆在酒店里2. What are your plans? （同义句） What are you going to do? 3. look forward to sth/ doing sth.We are looking forward to the Spring Festival. We are looking forward to going to Guilin. 4. cook 厨师 （名词） 它还可以当动词： cook sth for sb cook sb s

9、th 5. How do you get （from） Shantou to Xiamen? By bus.6. Why + 一般疑问句？用because来回答. I am late because my bike is broken. 7 in the morning on Sunday morning具体到某一天用on on a hot afternoon 有描述词用on8. be going to +动词原形Im going to do my homework this evening. Its going to rain tomorrow. Its going to be rainy

10、tomorrow. There is going to be rain/ snow/wind（名词）MODULE 41. study at home 在家学习 do the dull jobs 做枯燥的工作 do heavy work 干重活 three days a week 一周三天 long holidays 长假 free time空闲时间 be free to do sth. get warm 变暖2. everyone every one of 3. by email 通过电子邮件的方式 on the computer on TV on the radio5. Im not sur

11、e. 我不确信。be sure to do sth.6. The teachers wont write on a blackboard with chalk. The teachers wont use chalk to write on a blackboard. do sth with sth = use sth to do sth 用来做某事 chalk 不可数名词 一支粉笔 a piece of chalk We will use the sun to heat our homes. We will heat our homes with the sun. 7. Flying wil

12、l be very cheap. flying为动名词，作主语。 家庭供暖将会很便宜。 Heating homes will be cheap. It will be cheap to heat homes.打篮球是我最喜欢的运动。 Playing basketball is my favourite sport. 8. will 动词原形 They will play football. will be 形容词 It will be cool in summer. There will be名词 There will be rain tomorrow. There will be a big

13、 bridge over the river. 9. My dream will have big classrooms. （同义句） There will be big classrooms in my dream school. will 可以用be going to 代替，但be动词要根据单复数来变化。There are going to be big classrooms in my dream school. There is going to be a big classroom in my dream school. 10. Its going to rain this afte

14、rnoon. Its going to be rainy this afternoon. （但只有there be 句型除外，be后跟名词。）11. In my dream school there wont be any teachers. MODULE 51. seven million millions of Americans2. answer some questions for my homework 为我的作业回答一些问题3.Whats the population of ? 某地人口是多少？ 形容人口多用 big 或 large Whats its population?4.

15、Shanghai has 13 million people. Shanghai is a city with a population of 13million.The population of Shanghai is 13 million seven million.It has a population of 13 million people. 5. be famous for 以而出名 如：北京以长城而闻名。Beijing is famous for the Great Wall.6. in the east/south/west of 在的东、南、西（内部）上海在中国的东部。 S

16、hanghai is in the east of China.7. 问天气：Whats the weather like? / Hows the weather?8. on the coast 在海岸线上9. Its never very hot in the summer or very cold in the winter.10. with带有，有 Beijing is a city with lots of old buildings.MODULE 6一、反义词：dangerous 危险的- safe 安全的 danger / safety n.difficult 难的- easy 容

17、易的 exciting 激动人心的- boring 枯燥的expensive 昂贵的- cheap 便宜的 popular 受欢迎的- unpopular 不受欢迎的 relaxing 放松的- tiring 累人的 badly(worse, worst) 坏地- well(better, best) 好地carefully 认真地- carelessly 粗心地 late 晚- early 早loudly 大声地- quietly 安静地2. be good at sth 擅长某事 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事例如：我哥哥擅长篮球。 My brother is goo

18、d at basketball.我哥哥擅长打蓝球。 My brother is good at playing basketball.3. What Olympic sports do you like? Football is my favourite sport.Why do you like it? I like it because its exciting4. 位移动词用现在进行时表示将来时。如：她将去学校。She is going to school. She is leaving for school.5. 在每周六上午九点半 at 9:30 am every Saturday6

19、. 早到这儿 get here early 晚到那儿 arrive there late 坐在黑板前sit in front of the blackboard 在教室后面at the back of the classroom 7. Its +adj. + to do sth 学习英语很难。Its very difficult to learn English.8. 对某人讲得又慢又大声 speak slowly and loudly to sb（宾格）.slowly 和loudly为副词，副词修饰动词。9. 需要做某事need to do sth我们需要每天打扫教室。We need to

20、clean the classroom every day.想要做某事want to do sth = would like to do sth.我们想要打蓝球。We want to play basketball10. No one 谓语动词用单数。如：没人要踢足球。 No one wants to play football.11. Its +物性形容词 +for sb to do sh 对他来说学习数学很简单。 Its very easy for him to learn math.12. work hard 努力学习/工作 （这里 hard 就是副词） speak English we

21、ll 这里 well 就是副词13. do some sightseeing 游览 go sightseeing 去观光14. 带某人参观take sb. around 15. 将持续到will continue/last until 16. He needs to learn English quickly. How does he need to learn English?17. She likes running and she likes cycling, too. = She likes running and she also likes cycling. also反在实义动词前

22、，be动词和情态动词后。18. 我不喜欢迟到。I dont like to be late.19. 我不喜欢跑步和骑自行车。 I dont like running or cycling.20. so 因此；所以 在英语句子中不能与because同时用 如：我饿了，所以想去买点吃的。 Im hungry so Im going to buy some food. 21. more （形容词或副词）原级比较级 more popular more exciting more dangerous more tired more quickly22. much, a little, even （形容词

23、或副词）比较级 much bigger, much better, much more popular Pan Changjiang is funnier than Yao Ming. 句子中有than，要用比较级比较级规则变化口诀：比较级，要变化，一般词尾加er。(long-longer)词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以。(nice-nicer) , 重读闭音节， 单辅音字母要双写。(hot-hotter)辅音字母若加y, 记得把y变为i。(happy-happier)MODULE 71. the longest journey 最长的旅程2. by 直接加交通工具单数 by bike/ b

24、us/ train3. get to school 到学校 get home/there/here 到家4. live farthest from the school 住得离学校最远 farthest 为副词，是far的最高级，可省略the， 形容词最高级前面一定要加the5. the ( best ）way to sw. 去的（最好）方式 6. the most dangerous way 最危险的方式7. be closest to sw. 离最近 go to work 去上班8. take a train to sw. 乘火车去 9. the fastest train 最快的火车10

25、. fromto 从到 11. in eight minutes 八分钟后 （将来时）12. the same 相同的 the same school 相同的学校13.take some time by 乘花时间 take ten minutes by car 乘汽车花十分钟14. more than = over 超过，多于15. one of the busiest international airlines 最繁忙的航线之一16. a distance of kilometres 公里的距离 17. in nine and a half hours 在九个半小时后18. buy a t

26、icket at the bus stop 在汽车站买票 19. millions of Americans 上百万美国人20. A taxi from Shanghai to the airport is cheaper than the train for two people.对两个人来说从上海到机场乘出租车比乘火车便宜。21. British Airways uses the Boeing 747 for long journeys. 英国航空公司使用波音747进行长途飞行。(划线the Boeing 747用which提问)22. The Boeing 747 travels lon

27、ger than other planes.23. I like to travel by bus because its safer than going（动名词） by car.24. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方25. The cheapest way is by bus. 不能说：By bus is theway.26. travel to school 去上学27. Who travels (the 可省略) farthest to school? 28. Who has the longest journey?29. How inter

28、esting is the journey from to by train？ （问interesting的程度） The journey from toby train is the most interesting way.30. Whats the most expensive way to travel? By plane.MODULE 81. my/ my parents / sbs past life 某人的过去生活 2. be born 出生 3. the name of - 的名字 4. What +be +sb. +like? 某人的性格怎么样？5. be friendly

29、to sb. 对某人友好 6. be strict with sb. / in sth. 对某人要求严格7.On the east coast of America 在美国东海岸8. lots of things 许多事情 There are lots of things to do in Shantou.9. visit their old family houses 参观他们的故居10. with 带有 He likes the house with a garden. a pond with fish in it 里面有鱼的池塘11. on my bedroom walls 在我卧室的墙

30、上12. the last time I was there 我在那儿的最后一次 (be the first to do)13. one day 有一天 （将来时或过去时）14.Was anyone famous born there?有名人出生在那吗？anyone为不定代词，谓语动词用单数，形容词放在不定代词后。 There is nothing new in todays newspaper.15. I know what he does. 我知道他是干什么的。动词know后的句子为宾语从句，语序要用陈述语序。She asked where she was. The teacher ask

31、ed who had a pen.16. Tony was born in England. Tony wasnt born in England. Was Tony born in England? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. They were naughty. They werent naughty. Were they naughty? Yes, they were. No, they werent.MODULE 91. once upon a time 从前 2. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 decide not to do sth.

32、3. go for a ride / walk 去兜风/散步 4. in the forest 在森林里5. pick flowers 摘花 pick up sth. 捡起/拿起某物 pick it/ them up6. be lost/ lose ones way 迷路 She is always lost in Beijing.7. look around+sb.（宾）看某人的四周 look around her/me /him8. notice sth. 注意到某物9. hurry to + sw. = go to sw. in a hurry 急忙去某地He hurried to sc

33、hool without having breakfast.10. knock on / at the door 敲门11. open 开着的adj. closed 关着的adj. The door is closed, but the window is open. open 打开； 经营 He opened the door and its open now.12. enter + sth 进入 They entered/went into the building.13. finish sth. She finished the food soon. finish doing sth.

34、She has to finish doing her homework now.14. She counted three bowls. 她数了数有三只碗。 count from 1 to 100 15. rush out of + sw. 冲出某地 He rushed out of the school and rode a bike to home.16. be tired 累 do/ try (tried) to do sth. 尽力做某事 try sth 试某物 try it/ them on17. destroyed sth. 毁坏了某物 18. walk into the bed

35、room 走进卧室19. very soon 不久； 很快 20. be asleep（形容词）= be sleeping（动词）21. in pieces 成了碎片 22. at first 起初 at the beginning of 23. point at / to 指着24. Theres the naughty girl. 倒装句，原句为：The naughty girl is there. 有一个淘气的女孩。There is a naughty girl.25. open ones eyes 睁开眼睛26. be around sb. 在某人周围 The students are

36、 around the teacher. 27. jump out of bed and hurry out of the house 跳下床匆忙冲出房子28. without sth. 没有某物 He went to school without his bag. without doing sth. 没有做某事 She left without saying a word.without anything= with noting29. return to sw. = come back to sw. 返回某地 return= give back They returned to Chin

37、a yesterday. 他们昨天返回中国。30. 讲故事的顺序：First Next Then Finally31. and 前后的时态要一致 He entered the house and sat down.32. the food in the big bowl 大碗里的事物 （介词短语作定语） the man under the tree 树下的那个男人 一般用which提问33. live in the forest 住在森林里34. answer the door 开门 I knocked on the door but nobody answered the door.35.

38、all around/over the world 全世界36. tell sth to sb 或 tell sb. sth 告诉某人某事 tell a story tell stories 讲故事 tell children fairy tales 给孩子们讲童话故事37. again and again 一遍又一遍 38. begin with “ Once upon a time”以“从前”开头39. change into 变成 每个模块后面的 Around the world的内容，要求理解，尤其是长句，能把单词正确排列成句子。 动词过去式的变化规则：书 151页 不规则动词的一般过

39、去式： 书153页MODULE 101. listen to the radio 听收音机2. Teachers Day Womens Day Christmas Labour Day Childrens Day New Years Day 3. 12个月份的拼写：January February March April May June July August September October November December4. start school 开始上学 start/begin to do sth. start doing sth 开始做某事5. ride a bike to

40、 sw. 骑自行车去某地 go to sw. by bike walk to sw. 走着去某地 go to sw. on foot6. play computer games 玩电脑游戏7. we had games like chess. like 像 8. watch movies/ films 看电影9. 英语人称顺序：你， 他/她， 我 （I 放在最后）10. visit sb. 看望某人 11. near the sea 在海边 on the beach 在海滩上12. travel by car/ train/ 乘旅行13. play the piano弹钢琴 go away 走

41、开；离开 14. decide to be a (an) 决定成为一名15. a writer of plays and poems 一位作家和诗人16. some of his (the) most famous plays 一些他的最著名的戏剧17. at school 在学校18. like watching plays 喜欢看戏剧 like doing sth. / like to do sth. 喜欢做某事19. finish school 完成学业/ 毕业 20. at the age of 在岁21. move to sw. 搬到某地 22. join a theatre com

42、pany 加入一家剧团23. a successful actor 一名成功的演员 (success, successful, successfully, succeed)24. start writing plays开始写剧本 25. in many other languages 用许多其它的语言27. on of the most famous writers in the world 世界上最著名的作家之一28. The TV wasnt in colour. 电视不是彩色的。29. What games did you play?你们玩什么游戏？30. like sth. a lot

43、 非常喜欢某物 a lot = very much 非常31. on holiday 在假期，在度假32. He did his homework yesterday. He didnt do his homework yesterday. Did he do his homework yesterday? Yes, he did. / No, he didnt. MODULE 111. a national hero / national heroes 民族英雄2. the engineer of a famous railroad 一位著名铁路的工程师3. the Chinese gove

44、rnment 中国政府4. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事The Chinese government wanted a Chinese engineer to build it.中国政府想要一个中国工程师建造它。 want sb. （宾语）想要某人 They didnt want foreign engineers.5. What do you think of ？ How do you like ?你认为怎么样？ 6. start in Beijing 在北京开始 finish in Zhangjiakou 在张家口完成7. When did he work on

45、it? 他什么时候从事这件事的？8. form 1905 to 1909 从1905年到19099. Why didnt sb. do sth? 为什么某人不做某事？ Why didnt you go to school yesterday? 你昨天为什么没去上学？10. He died in 1919. 他1919年去世。(die, dead, death)11. open a museum about his life 开了一家关于他生平的博物馆12. a railroad is for trains. 铁路是给火车用的。13. over 垂直上方，不接触 The bridge is ov

46、er the river.14. through 穿过（内部） through a mountain/ forest / window across 横穿 （表面）across the road/ bridge15. What did the Chinese do when he died? 当他去世了中国人做了什么？16. Chinas first astronaut 中国的第一位宇航员17. a few days ago 几天前 19. He was Yang Liwei, the pilot, with a wife18. return to Earth 返回地球19. be calle

47、d 被称作 He was called “Xiao Zhang”. The boy called Kexiang is playing basketball. 叫可祥的那个男孩正在打蓝球。20. last 持续 The rain lasted a week. 雨持续了一个星期。 last 上一个 last Wednesday, last night, last year21. orbit the Earth 14 times = go round the Earth 14 times 绕地球运行14圈22. reach an altitude of 到达一个高度23. the next day

48、 第二天（前面已提到了某一天, 用过去时）24. the third country 第三个国家China is now the third country to send a person into space. 现在中国是第三个把人送入太空的国家。25. join the Chinese Air Force 加入中国空军 join the Chinese space programme加入中国太空项目26. 11 years later, two months later （多长时间）后27. with 13 other pilots 和其他13名宇航员28. He trained for

49、 five years. 他训练了五年。 for + 一段时间 He rested for an hour.29. want to be想成为 She wants to be a singer.30. people on Earth 地球上的人31. watch Yang Liweis space flight 观看了杨利伟的太空之行32. wave to sb. 向某人挥手 33. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看34. have a meal of 吃了一餐35. still 仍然，also也，放在实义动词前，be动词、情态动词后36. retur

50、n to the ground = land 着陆37. 到达某地（1） reach sw. （2）arrive in sw.（大地方） arrive at sw. （小地方） （3） get to sw.38. What happened? 发生了什么？ What happened to you? 你发生什么事了？39. the latest news 最近的新闻 a piece of news 一则新闻（不可数）40. How did he show his skill as an engineer?作为一名工程师，他是如何展示她的才能的？ as 作为 show ones skill 展示

51、某人才能41. travel to sw. 去某地旅行42. sick people / man/ girl或 sb. is sick ill 只有一种用法：sb. is ill43. open a hospital/ factory/ a company开办MODULE 121. two years ago 两年前2. on the same day 在同一天3. Who was with you? When were you born?4. at the airport 在机场 5. go swimming a lot6. How was your journey? It was grea

52、t.7. spend 花费（时间，金钱）， 主语是人，其结构：（1）sb. spend +（时间，金钱）on sth He spent lots of money on books. We often spend much time on homework. (2) sb. spend +时间 (in ) doing sth. They spent two hours (in ) playing basketball.8. well 形容词：身体好 副词：好（修饰动词） 语气词：嗯9. take + 交通工具 to sw. 乘去 She took a bus to Guangzhou last

53、 week.10. go for a walk / ride /swim 去散步/ 兜风/游泳11. by plane = on a plane = by air 乘飞机12. read the newspaper 看报纸 a newspaper, two newspapers （报纸可数） a piece of news 一则新闻 a piece of paper 一张纸13. send emails 发电子邮件 14. take lots of photos / pictures照很多相片15. fly to sw. 飞往某地 fly home（不用to）16. Say hello to

54、sb. 向某人问好 say sorry/ goodbye to sb.17. How long did you +（延续性）动词？ How long did you stay there?18. have a holiday 度假 19. do a lot of shopping 购买了许多物品20. go on a boat = go boating 去划船MODULE A1. Why are you going to do？ Where are you going to go ? Where are you going ? Who are you going to go with? Whe

55、n are you going to go? When are you going?2. will + be + 形容词 3. on Christmas Day 在圣诞节4. sit at the table 坐在桌子旁5. talk to / with sb.和某人谈话 have a talke8. clean the house 打扫房子 cook a meal 做饭9. open a present 打开礼物10. put on new clothes 穿上新衣服11. sing a song 或sing songs唱歌 singer n.12. go to a party 去参加聚会1

56、3. have some free time 有一些空闲时间 14. stay in bed呆在床上15. think about 考虑；思考 16. special celebration特殊的庆祝活动17. at the end of November在11月底 18. give sth to sb. = give sb. sth 给某人某物19in the shape of 的形状 The bags are in the shape of Mickey.这些包是米奇的形状24. fill with 用装满 They filled the bottle with water.他们用水把瓶子装满了。25. traditionally 传统地（副词）Traditionally, people clean the house before the Spring Festival.传统上，人们在春节前打扫房子。26. They put paper around the presents. 他们用纸把礼物包起来。 putaround用包27.on Christmas Day 或 at Christmas 在圣诞节 on New Years Day at the Spring Festival on Spring Festivals Eve9