高考英语阅读词义猜测

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1、 阅读专项二. 英语阅读词义猜想 设问形式undrinedword.inthseond(trd)rgaprefersto(means)_.Bying.nthfirs（eon）pargraph,thauthornsthat_.naraph，nrelacdb_Themeninginpragrahreled_.hicofheoloighsclosestmeaningto.?Theundrinesetecnhpaarahprobalymeanthat_. 词义猜想措施：1. fiiton 定义法 2. contrat对比法3. smilarty 相似法 4. cause and efct因果法5. p

2、s举例法 6. wordformatin构词法 . ntext 上下文 . omosense普一般识一、定义法通过对其定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句)来推测出它的词义。常用“to beclle, b efined as, e known as， o mea, t fe to,htis（ ay), iother wods, nmey”等词语来提示。尚有某些标点符号，如：冒号、破折号、括号等都表达后文要解释前文。如:1. The csae reutantto taketie off - evn teachers ittickes fo he Englanninaae ha troubegetin

3、gtda of. (0福建A)A. kid B. unwiling C.fre D. carels.Heeis the ins， whos cook has veod spcal wa ofmn forein odsuas caibou, wild oar, ad reindeeith ursg sucs.(4 福建E)A. lcei whicyou ca see anymoile hoB. Monti whee u cn ea oo vie o the allyC. Twn which hppens to be nea the Baf aion akD. Return wyou canas

4、for som secial kinds food3. It il b ver had butverbrile- at is, will brak easily.A. frgi Bot C weak D. strog4 The eman, who loos after she,eans bout6 yan ae. ( ） 二、对比法通过前面或背面浮现的反义词或对比词语推知生词的意思。体现对比关系的词重要有but, yet， however，hil， ulike, iste, on theotherand， on the conrar, n ontrast wit等。标点符号分号也可表达对比。如

5、：1Laco rt ilower may contibueor tojuenil obet haudrexrcing or overetin.(05 天津D）A. adul eduation .childhod oereihtparentifluen D. growi ins2.Werid to borow whie hirts eeryweesoas ake part i th eingary. Bu w tred in vin Every oeof slooe isapointed a e bad nw.A. urprise B. ueess C i silence D. usuay3.

6、She is uay rompfoll hrcasss, u tody she rrived in he mide o hr firsclss. late . sowly C puntual D qucy4. My mind s in a mlon dfrelace.Thanks to th stric trini,ell is now no onernerousan a lt me cofident.A Sh ws absent-minde B.She ws nrvos C Sewas ecte D. Shewas cuious.5. Temainpoitothplniclearom,btt

7、hedtailsarestilhay. （ )三 相似法所谓同等关系，指的是一种词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，并且它们的词意都属于同一义域。一般有并列连词and或者o等作同等关系的标志词。某些常用的引出同义词的标志性词语有or, like, smilar等。如:.Thewxlawserses,orreaces，thelwthatwasinfectlastearA.sperveB.rviwC.tkehelcef D.stattoenforce2.Ealyhumanbeng se ery faile ousan bots， otn rng inds wldtarroos fr os o cau

8、erh wavshat enangered trvelers.Pees ood supplis were iiarl vurl. Evn afe they a arne how tolant grns, they till edd lp frm nue to ensure god havest。(06重庆E)A.impossble o make sur of B. ikely to b protecte ea to damge . dficulttfind3. “he aeysawonV was he rea Dav,says frien PaWilims, “Hewasnt areator

9、or a great peaer. e as just Joe Everyoy.” A. ave wafaos B. Dave was odinry C. Dae was tui D. ave was s.4. In lbtes, crbodixie was bettetha heat ad evral other lrs in drawig thebedbug u of hiding.A. ed tkllbugs. B. sed o attractbg . usedto tase bgs D. usd to fed bgs5.Dotrsevesmoingderimentaltyrhealth

10、；yalsoarddrinknghmful( )四、因果法我们可通过对因素或成果进行逻辑推理,猜出成果或因素中的生词词义。一般由becuse， as,sne，for，s，hu,saresut，therere, at, so/such.hat等词汇及构造来体现。如:1Te la is often runed sotht it remains ony60t 90 centimetrshig. Prnig is portant bcue encrages rowtf tender sho, o youglee.（05江西)A. rgular cutigf theplants B.fruent wae

11、nC reular useof chemclsD.own he plns igh in themuntin2. Bt t Shool niors aebecoingmoreand mor opula across e USA. T osurpie, bcausteyoffanybeneits.（05 北京春季 E)Ataks B. mesage C diference .avatages Iethasinceyouaemsuerio,toldbepresumuouofetotlyouwatd. full ofrspect Btoo cnfiden adrude .lackin n exerie

12、nce .too shyaduite. Whensoekindfpaikllewasbroughtotecntl,esearcerfontthecolorsturdthecustomersfbcauehedtheproductlooeaaninefectve.heudrlinedprt”teoorsturnehcustomersoff”mansthatthcolos_A. atracdtheustomrstrnl .hadweakffecsonhustorsCtriedthcustomesintshopnDcausedthecutomstlosnteest5. She didnthear wh

13、ayou sd bcue sewaopely egrossdinher eadig. （ )6. All hiatemptsto unock te dor s futle, ecus e was using the wrng key ( )五、 举例法运用文中的举例猜想词义,常用的提示词有forinstnc, fr ple, sucha等。Today, youn coulesoftnsen lots of their ony n apliances， frisance, ashig mcines， col teliions nd reriertors. ( )六. 构词法英语中诸多单词都是有词

14、根家前后缀构成的，懂得词根及前后缀的意思， 就可以推断出生词的意思。(1） 合成:两个或两个以上的单词构成一种新的单词。如：blckbord, ma-mde,overthow（2） 词性转化：Is ask o minute the ace. “nute”转化成动词,意为“为计时”han(n）and(v.)epty（adj.)empy(v.）(3) 词缀:suer- (超）(极小的) micro-（极微小的) re-(再,反复) mis-(误)m（不) un-/in/on-i(不) -be(能.的） -le(不,无） wads(向)e: idish sroouce omels sleepwl a

15、niaeing 1 Manartiss find inspition tadionl Indandesgns. onidec B.creave idas C powe . good advce2.y teagesn Karlbecame wihran afteis father did. Asasile arn, Itriedtodo my estto talk to him,ut he more I trid, th more heoveaay(04 NM) A.prfrredtosy alne at home B ost nteest i his stis . fusedto talk t

16、o ohers D. beanto dislike his mothe3. Acordig to orisse, tyn t fid a diet tha cancueyorilln,ormeyou supwmais fuiles seachA. anfrtwithout resuls . a search for dt itotfruits C. iet servig a edicine D.arsrhonfruitss de.4. Wt thir shnngon eyes, wgging tail, adunondita ove， ogscan prvid the ondgmenal li

17、tneneededfor a beginning ear t gai onfdece.(03NME）七 上下文 运用语境及前后的提示来猜想词义。. There was gardeer whooedaft his gardewithgeat are.T wte his flowes， h used two bcket. Oewas shny an ew bcket The or was a verold ad dilapdtd one， wih hadsenman yearsof service, bt was no past it best.Wat dos theunerined wod “i

18、apida” pobably mean?A. Dirty. B. Dark. C. Won-o . Plain-loi.2. when Ifirt becme a reporter newa ma wh gavupa ery welpdrespctable jobat theDaily Telgap go ad ed a small nwsap . At the tm I was asonshd b what apeaed m to e his compet abnoral mnta stae. How old aone turnhisck onFle treei entrl Lndon fo

19、 a lllocal ar？ I ate oow(NMET 广东)The udelnd phae “turhis baeo ”st proalymean A. leavefr B retr give u . rely on3. Spndi as little as$5 a da o smoe elsecould signifcnty boost hppins, ea at th University f ritish olmiaound. Teirperimn moretan 6American howed at teywermeasuralyhpprhntheysped mony other

20、s.e o fid B.elp to brin C. elp ncease D. help to ge4. he whoe amil dexpeiencdsu atr beore andeeyne remmbere te daagei as cued tstock ancrops. he w verylittle w could do about thps.Bt weeeded to potecte animal in case h river flooded again.A.money wnedby the amily B. oo fre C ulies or faml se famania

21、s5 How has the cyoe hoti extraordinary abiliy?”I ges i youwntd tos one wod,itd b lasticty.”say ErieGese，nexpert attah Stt Universty. ooes an li aloe， n pi,or in lae paks likwolves,unt at hor uring the d , ocuyal rgionor a area up t 40sur mie，andiv o asors offoo,fromlards(蜥蜴)andshoes，to antsad elons.

22、The undelnedwd “plastcity”inParagrah 2refers to_.A.the abiity to fitth eninmnt Btius martesC.hutng aility .einghun-toerat八 常识运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识,根据上下文能读懂的部分,对的猜出生词词意，是一种行之有效的猜想词意的措施。例如理解某些英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信奉、政治构造、社会制度等,可以协助加深对文章的理解。1.Fishs ivenater and ave fin which hl them tswm. Most ishs have sl

23、imyskin covered wtscles， so it idfficult to et fi hold tem. 2.Brdslywith th ngs,nd they pick up thei fods,and ten et thm wthtei beks an theyuse theircas f tearin, seizing, llin r hin oects. When a dooperfrs anopeatonon paen, e sualy gves n nsthet to me him uncnscious, beusee es not want hi atienteea

24、i tow what is ppeing to i.4 Inodda, e girlsromrih amilie wre marrie t thei usba， they xpected bing wt temsele a large uaniy of dow.巩固练习1.He had ben getngbeter, bt urng h nigt hsconditin detrioate.A. get rse B. mrove as ecordd D. develoed2The yung man failedin his xpeiment H seed o have lostall his h

25、ope. Jut a hattme hs fathercam t hlp him,sayn， “don depir,hld ou wok hdr， yoll succed inthe nd.”A. t ail inhe periment .o hep someoeC. o ceed i thend D. t ost o hpe3. herwas a talk etween annlih visior andaCines leade. The istocoulspeaknthing buEnglish，an leadr coud pea l Chines.Teycount nrsta each

26、ther. ow oud they alk ？ now men inteprte, wo coud speak both ChnesadEglsh. he tal beween theEnglis visitran thehinese leader et with th hlp the neretr.A.athinwhichgivquik tanstio o words soken inaoerlagugeB. a son who gies an mmedate transltion of wos poken n antrlanguage. a son whoa sk notng bt Eis

27、hD. aperso whcan spa oi bt Chinee4. e is alegend th, ng o ong-ing da,a young man adXu Xan was comngbakhmewhn dny it trted to rain haiy.Hrnat once ton odteso asto kee out f th rain. W h rachd the tre, heaw abeautifl lad her servat sndighre.The young mnand the beauiful ld felin loe with eahother tir s

28、gh.A. ette fromEgand B stor frmold timeC a ook byu Xun . aol by Chares Dicns5. Th yougman asbashful ta edd nseak tote pettygirl. fad .shckd C. shy Duise. Wheneorg Waston a quitea little o,he choed dn the yuntree hi her lvedet. T madehis fthevery ar Latr, the by told hi terthrth that he had cut down

29、th ree. And tis made hisfathr happy. toshop B.o make . ct D. o loe7. A groupf oldieswer oinihtwith he enmy in th villag. In orderto n atle the ficerha t orderw sliersto gooute village at night，because he wodere w mn sodiers therewere n te villge,n he te enemy soldiers were hiing.A. t lo or a lace to

30、 live in B. t serch a laceo geinformationC. t lee a la for anthone D.t gettoaplae toated eig8. Reerchersre orrid abou he incrasig pressure on ilots ad groun controlls.And increasing olisin,ocurring at or near an irt,e cald atenionto the d for mre ais toiatoncontro. A. acciden iwhichtwo plane hith th

31、er B.misunderstndin twn lots andgrou controllrs C.quresamon pasgersD.reaowns o ewtypes ofitrument.Ms.Whie lostisusbad no lnago. tisnow dfcut forthe wdowto fed amlyof oubecase has no job ad i gve onl a little moeyby teovrnmentA. a windwwhos gl is boen. amnwhs husandC. a mwose we i dedD. a hild whsepa

32、rets ae ded0 Hisgradathr was hephr i thosdays.His jo w to take car f hee or telnlord. He wasmae owk long ous,utgven littl toeat.A. apeso ho looks er hilden a pers wh looks afterheepC.aperon who k og hursD a person who hasittle oeat11. Toaccotaxes ipopublic helth,teyraise mone admtpartiulaly， t deter

33、eople from tkguphe hbi s eens,wchi he they ar addiced.A. discoage B. emove enefit . re12. So arcntissave fosd aily publi ulings.”We hae ery liited numbeo studies,so werealmostonga th rbems thougha straw.(吸管)”A. e roleis nt apphed te by sep.B. trsrhso fr ave fults i themslvesC. theroblem is tdfiult t solve.D. the esach in thisare i noteugh.