高一必修一模块二

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1、 Module 2but conj.,prep.&adv.conj.但是（并列连词）：For centuries there were no Olympic Games.But they were not forgotten.prep. 除了（=except）：eg.Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep. Nobody but you could be so selfish.adv. 不过（=only）:He is but a child. I can but obey it.拓展：1.如果主语后面有but引导的句子，谓语动词仍与主语一

2、致。eg.Nobody but Mr Li and Miss Wang was there. 2.but for(=without)要是没有：But for the sun,nothing could live.but,except和besides的区别：but表示“除之外”，常和含否定意义的词连用，当but前有动词do的时候，but后接动词原形；except表示“除之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所带的人或物，前面长有all,every,any,no及其他复合词，但在否定句中，except却没有排斥性；besides表示“除之外（还有）”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上beside

3、s后所带的人或物，其前常有other，another，any other，a few等词，如：We can do nothing but wait. All the students went to the zoo except Peter. I have a few good friends besides you.lively adj. 1.有生气的，精力充沛的，活跃的。Eg.Shes a lively girl and popular with everyone.2.生动的，有吸引力的。She gave a lively account of her adventures. 3.剧烈的，

4、狂暴的。The sea is quite lively today.辨析：lively,live,living 和alivelively adj. 生动活泼的，如：a lively lessonlive adj. 活着的 （作前置定语，多修饰fish等动物）；现场直播的 living adj. 活着的，可作定语和表语，如：living thingsalive活着的，为表语形容词，强调状态，也可作后置定语或补足语 catch sth alive 活捉常见的表语形容词：alone,afraid,ill,sleep,awake,alive,wellas 的用法拓展：adv同样地;conj.像.一样;

5、尽管, 即使, 虽然；如同；当时候；因为，由于；prep.作为，当做1. 作“尽管”讲时只用于倒装句。Young as he is,he knows a lot.注：如果表语是名词，在该结构中，名词前不带冠词。尽管是个孩子，他却长得很高。Child as he is,he is tall. A child as he is,he is tall.( ) As he is a child,he is tall.( )2.关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句又可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。as作关系代词时，在限制性定语从句中代替such，the same修饰的先行词，意

6、为“像一样的人（或物）”；在非限制性定语从句中代替整个句子，意为“这一点”。(1)This is the same bag as I lost.这像我丢失的那个手包。(2)He is good at English,as we all know.(3)We have found such materials as are used in their factory.( ) (4)These houses were sold at such a low price as people expected.( )(5)He is not the same man as he was.( )such

7、as 这里面such为代词,意为“这样的人或物”，as在从句中担当成分，修饰先行词such.如：This book is not such as I expect.注：例句(2)中的as可换为which，但which引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首。辨析：as,because,since与for because:表示原因的语气最强，表示直接的原因或理由，着重说明原因或理由，是句子的重点，常表示必然的因果关系。在回答why的问句和用于强调句型时，必须用because,而不用as,for或since。Eg.He didnt attend the meeting because he had mu

8、ch work to do. He is absent today because he is ill.since语气比because稍弱，表示对方已经知晓、无需加以说明的原因或事实，表示已为人知的原因，强调关系上的自然结果，不是句子的重点，一般翻译成“既然，鉴于”=now that ,往往放在主句之前。Eg.Since a lot of people make mistakes in life,I want to give hime a chance.as:语气最弱，表示的往往是非常明显的原因，指听者或读者已经知道或能看出来的原因，只说明一般的因果关系，可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。不如

9、since正式，比较口语化。Eg. As I havent seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.for：是并列连词，它引导的分局不表示直接原因，而是用来附带解释或说明前面一句的情况或推断的理由。for引导的分句常放在两个并列句之间，它们之间用逗号隔开。Eg. It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning.He is probably ill ,for he is absent today. Exercises He found it increas

10、ingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.A.though B.for C.but D.so 辨析：as,while,when 都有“当.时候”之意。as表示的时间最短只能作连接词用，强调主句与从句的动作同时发生；而when表示的时间可长可短；while表示较长一段时间，只能作连接词用。短语：asas与一样（用于肯定句）（not）as（so）as 与.不一样（用于否定句）；不及（如）as if/though 好像，似乎（通常接用虚拟语气的从句）as soon as as long as soas to 如此以致于 s

11、o as to 以便 act as 充当，担任 treatas/regardas/takeas/haveas/look onas/look uponas as for“喜欢”的几种表示方法：1.like，“喜欢”，指不反感，但不表示强烈的感情和迫切的意愿，反义词为dislike。Do you like reading?2.enjoy表示“欣赏”“喜欢”，表示具有满足感。I enjoy foreign music.3.love “热爱”，指引起深厚的、强烈的感情的爱，语气最重。 His mother ,whom he loved deeply,died when he was only a li

12、ttle boy. 4.be fond of “喜欢，热爱”，也表示对某人或某事有感情，语气次于love。5.care for “喜欢，对有兴趣”，They dont care very greatly for art.sothat,suchthat 引导结果状语从句so+adj./adv+that eg. The film Harry Potter is so interesting that all the children like it. He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with him.so+adj+a/an+名词单数+that She

13、is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her.such+a/an+adj.+名词单数+that eg. It is so fine a day that we all want to go out for a walk.= It is such a fine day that we all want to go out for a walk.such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that eg. These are such useful books that they can be used as our textbooks.so为副词，修饰

14、的中心词是形容词或副词，而such是形容词，修饰的中心词是名词（可数名词或不可数名词）：so 为副词，其后跟形容词或副词；such为形容词，修饰其后的名词；当so（too，how,however等）修饰一个带形容词的名词时，应将不定冠词置于形容词之后，即so+adj.+a/an+单数名词。eg.so long a river,too small a house当名词前有many或much修饰时，用so而不用such。eg.We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.so that 可引结果状语从句，常用逗号把从句与主句分

15、开。so that 还可以引导目的状语从句，从句中含有情态动词can,could,may,might,will,would等，此时可与in order that 互换。结果状语从句：Eg. He turned up the radio ,so that everyone heared the news.目的状语从句：eg. He turned up the radio so that everyone could hear the news.ExercisesChoice:1.The teacher wondered why many students had made careless mi

16、stakes .A. so;so B.so;such C.such;so D.such;such 练习一：选词填空（sothat,such that）1.It was fine weather they dicided to go mountain-climbing.2.There was much rain some villages were flooded.3.She left in a hurry she forgot to lock the door.4.That was difficult a question none of the students could answer.练

17、习二:翻译句子1. So many people came to the concert that some couldnt get in.2. Shes so ill that she cant get out of bed.3. It was such a cold night that we stayed at home.4. He is such a marvellous joker that you cant help laughing.5. Accident can happen on such rainy days。Dare的用法：dare既可以作情态动词，又可以用作行为动词1.

18、作情态动词，后接动词原形。主要用于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句或表示怀疑的句中。2.作情态动词时，不用于肯定句，但用于肯定回答中。3. dare用作行为动词用于否定句时，后接不定式有时可以不带to。(1)作情态动词时，dare表示“敢”，这时没有人称形式，但有过去式dared。主要用于：否定句：（有时借助助动词，这时不定式可带to也可不带to）：I darent ask her to marry me.The government dared not increase taxes again this year.They dared not move.She dare not say what

19、 she thinks.She doesnt dare (to) say anything.也可用在带有否定意思的句子中。No one dared speak of it.He never dared stay long.他从不敢多待。I scarcely dare think of it.我简直不敢想。b.疑问句及条件从句。（有时也可借助助动词）Dare you interrupt him? 你敢打断他的话吗？How dare you speak to me like that?你怎么敢这样对我说话？I wonder if she dared come home.Do you dare te

20、ll him?If you dare speak to me like that again,you will be sorry.Jump if you dare. c.用于I dare say，dont you dare 引导的句子中：I dare say youre right.我认为你是对的。I dare say you are British.我看你是英国人。Youre tired,I dare say.我想你是累了。Dont you dare tell my parents about this!你敢告诉我父母这件事！Dont you dare touch that vase.不准碰

21、那花瓶。“Im going to tell your father about the drugs.” “Dont you dare!”我要把毒品的事告诉你爸爸。你敢！（2）及物动词的用法：作及物动词可以表示：a.敢（做某事）（可用于多类句子）He dared to walk the tightrope without a net.他敢不用安全网来踩钢丝。He dares to accuse me of dishonesty.他竟敢说我不老实。I didnt dare to complain.我不敢抱怨。Do you dare to suggest that I m capable of su

22、ch an act?你敢说我能做出这样的事？b.敢于面对（尝试）：He will dare any danger.He dared the anger of his family.他敢于面对家人的愤怒。The actress dared a new way of playing that famous character.这位女演员敢于尝试以新的方式扮演那个名人。c.向挑战，要某人做一件危险的事：Can you jump off the wall? Go on, I dare you.你能从墙上跳下来吗？来，我要你跳！Somebody dared me to jump off the brid

23、ge into the river.有人问我敢不敢从桥上跳到河里去。I dared them to debate with me about it.我问他们敢不敢和我辩论这个问题。ExercisesThe boy is very brave. I he the tall tree.A.dare say ;dares to climb B.dare to say;dare climbing C.dare saying;dares climb D.dare to say;dares climbedFeel的用法：(1)以为，认为，相信。主语+feel +it +adj/n(宾补)+to do st

24、h/doing sth/that从句 +真正的宾语He feels it his duty to help others.I feel it useless waiting here.I feel it no use waiting here.I dont feel it any use waiting here.I dont feel it desirable that an expert be sent for.我认为没有必要请专家。(2)感觉，感到，体会到，系动词，后接adj/n作表语，无被动语态。I feel sorry for her.The heat made him feel f

25、aint.(3)给感觉；感觉到。后接adj作表语，无被动形式，不用于进行时。sth feels +adj. 某物摸起来it feels +adj.+to do sth 做某事给人以的感觉sth feels as if 某物给人好像的感觉This kind of cloth feels soft.My mouth felt completely dry.Her head felt as if it would burst.How does it feel to be at home after such a long time abroad?(4)摸起来，手感(无被动语态，后接表语，不用于进行时

26、态)The water feels cool. This kind of cloth feels smooth.不定式的省略：英语中有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式。常有以下5种情况：(1)expect,forget,hope,intend,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等后面。I invited him to go to the cinema,but he refused to.He has never been to Shenyang,but he wishes to.(2)在have ,need ,ought ,be going

27、,used to 等后面 。-Sorry,I didnt go to the meeting yesterday.-You didnt need to,for it has been put off till tomorrow.-Do you often swim? -No,but I used to.(3)在某些形容词如glad,happy,pleased,delighted等后面。-Will you join in the game? -Id be glad/ happy/pleased/delighted to.(4)否定形式一般省略为not to -Shall I go there t

28、onight?-Id prefer you not to.(5)如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,通常保留到be,have和have been。-Is your mother a teacher? -No,but she used to be.-Tom hasnt turned up.-Well,he ought to have.Exercises-Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?- ,but I promised Nancy to go out with her.A.Id like to B.

29、I like it C. I dont D.I will 易混词辨析例句as a result“结果，因此”一般放在句首，后面加逗号He played football in the rain.As a result,he caught a bad cold.as a result of “作为的结果，由于”,后面接名词或动名词作宾语。The sports meet was put off as a result of the bad weather.so “因此，所以”既可以放在句首也可以放在句中，两种情况so都不加逗号I have finished my homework,so I can

30、 go to the cinema.hate+n.讨厌/憎恨某物hate doing sth hate to do sth hate it when I hate it when people cry.辨析：hate与dislikehate可接动名词和动词不定式，但没有意义差别。dislike 只能接动名词，不接动词不定式keep fit keep out(of) 不让入内keep from 抑制；忍住；防止；避开；隐瞒keep off 禁食keep up with与同步keep in touch with keep back保留，阻止，隐瞒keep sb doing sth keep one

31、s word keepin order 保持.有秩序（纪律）keep away (from) 远离,避开keep sb from doing sth=stop/prevent sb from doing sthkeep ones balance 保持平衡；保持镇静keep up 持续，保持，维持 辨析：between&among 1.between 表示两者之间；among表示三者（三者以上）之间。What are the main differences between British English and American English?She is standing among a

32、crowd of students.2.between有时也可表示三者以上的事物之间，强调每两者之间，不脱离其本义。Understanding between nations is very important.3.谈论事物的差别用between。Whats the difference between them?reason 作主语，后面的表语从句表示原因时，要用that引导，一般不用because引导；it,this或that作主语，后面的标语从句可用because或why引导。“The reason +be+that从句”理由是“It/This/That+be+because从句”这是/

33、那时因为“It/This/That+be+why从句” 这/那就是的原因He is not here. It is because he is ill.He is ill.This is why he isnt here.He got up late.That is why he came late.He came late.Thats because he got up late.-Why is Mary so upset? -Its because shes just lost her new bike.注意：用于强调句型的原因状语从句多用because引导。with复合结构：with +

34、宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词，如形容词，现在分词，过去分词，副词，介词短语，不定式等。with的复合结构在句中常做状语。1.with+object+doing:（1） Liu Bei was quite safe with Guan Yu standing behind him.（2）We found the house easily with the boy leading the way. 2.with+object+done:With all the things she needed bought,she went home happily.注：（1）现

35、在分词作宾补表示一个主动的，正在进行的动作。（2）过去分词作宾补表示已经完成的动作。（3）不定式作宾补表示一个还未发生的动作。3.with+object+to do :With so many things to deal with,I cant go on holiday.4.with+object+adj.:He is used to sleeping with the windows open.5.with+object+adv.:He went out with all the lights on.6.with+object+介词短语：He went out into the dark

36、 with a stick in his hand.状语(adverbial)的定义：是修饰形容词、副词、动词以及全句的句子成分。可用作状语的有：副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。with 复合结构作定语The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.We can see the streets with red flowers and green trees on both sides. ExercisesComplete the following sentences:1. (有这么多双眼睛注视着我)，I feel

37、 very nervous.2.She went out, (门没有锁).3. (有这么多作业要做)，she will surely be busy this weekend.4.The square looks so beautiful , (所有的灯都亮着)。5.The door opened and in came a woman, (怀里抱着一个婴儿)。rather “相当，颇”，往往表示超出适宜程度。用法如下：(1)修饰形容词或副词。The text is rather long.He speaks English rather well.(2)修饰形容词或副词的比较级。The En

38、glish-Chinese dictionary is rather more expensive than that Chinese dictionary.(3)rather 和形容词连用修饰名词时，放在不定冠词前后皆可；若是定冠词，则放在定冠词之后。She is rather a good student.=She is a rather good student.(4)would rather do =had rather do “宁愿，宁可”Which would you rather have?would rather do than do would dorather than d

39、owould rather sb. did sth宁愿某人做某事 (用一般过去时表示现在和将来的情况)would rather sb.had done sth 宁愿某人做过某事（用过去完成时表示过去的情况）The soldiers would rather die than give in.I would stay at home rather than go to the cinema.I would rather he left now.Id rather you hadnt done that. (1)would prefer sth.想要-Coffee or tea?-I would

40、prefer tea,thanks!(2)would prefer (not) to do sth 宁愿(不)做某事，(不)想做某事I would prefer not to think about it . We would prefer to live in the USA,but I cant get a visa.我更愿意在美国生活，但我得不到签证。(3)would prefer sb (not)to do sth. 宁愿某人(不)做某事I would prefer you to stay here. My mother would prefer me not to go out al

41、one at night.(4) would prefer to do rather than do I would prefer to play basketball rather than go swimming.(5)would prefer+从句(从句用虚拟语气)I would prefer that you didnt metion my name.我希望你不要说出我的名字。(6)I would prefer it if希望,更希望Of course,I would prefer it if I didnt have to do so much work.当然我更希望我不必做那么多工

42、作。Id prefer it if you didnt smoke in front of the children.either pron.两者之一；adj.(两者中)任何一个；adv.（用于否定句或否定词组后加强语气），也（不）；conj.或者，要么。（注：either作代词是单数，作形容词时修饰单数名词）either表示在两种可能性中任选一种，意为“或者.或者.;要么.要么.”,用来连接并列的句子成分。(1)Either he or you are wrong.( )(2)You can either write or phone to ask for a copy.( ) (3)I l

43、eft it either on the table or in the drawer.( )(4)You can speak either English or French.( )(5)Either you go to the party,or you stay at home looking after the baby.( )谓语：谓语或谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词+主语）构成。1.由简单动词构成的谓语：What happened？He worked hard all day today.1.Its interesting to look a

44、t differences between schools in different countries.it 在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to look atit 作形式主语或形式宾语时不能用其它词替换。It takes two to make a quarrel.一个巴掌拍不响。It is a pity that you missed the football match.It is necessary for you to learn a second foreign language.Its hard to finish the work on time.I feel it m

45、y duty to help him.consider 的用法：2.1)认为；以为；觉得（无进行时）常用搭配：(1)consider sb/sth as sth(2)consider+that 从句 (3)consider sb/sth to do (4)consider sb/sth +adj/n(5)consider sb/sth+to be +adj/n (6)consider it adj/n+to do sth/doing/that从句I consider him as my best friend.=I look on/think of /have/regard him as my

46、 best friend.She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion.她认为现在下确切的结论还为时过早。We all consider our manager (to be/as) a kind man.We consider this very important. “It is considered+that 从句”可转化为：从句主语+be considered+不定式。根据需要不定式有不同的时态或语态形式。It is considered that Columbus found the “New Lan

47、d”.=Columbus is considered to have found the “New Land”.2)仔细考虑，细想常用搭配：consider +n/sthconsider doing sth 打算做某事consider+that 从句 考虑consider+wh-从句 考虑considering sth/that 从句 鉴于,由(属独立结构)=seeinggivenHe paused to consider his options.Im considerting applying for that job.Well consider where to move to?If yo

48、u consider that shes only been studying English for six months,she speaks it very well.3.have problems with 在某方面存在问题。have problems/difficulty/trouble with sthhave problems/difficulty/trouble (in)doing sth the problem (of ) 的问题no problem We have no problems/difficulty/trouble(in) finishing the task.M

49、um and Day paid for my driving lessons.When can you pay me for the work?你什么时候能够付给我工钱？I paid her $200 for this painting.我付给她200美元买这幅画。It would probably pay you to hire an accountant. 聘一位会计师或许对你有好处。pay for sth 为.付款pay sb for sth 为某事给某人报酬 pay sb sth 支付某人某物pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 拜访，参观 pay ba

50、ck 偿还pay for 为而受 pay off还清 pay out（为某事）付出大笔款项 think of 考虑；想一想；想起；提出 think of n./doing sth Can you think of anyone else who could do it?I cant think of the name of the hotel.think about 考虑 think aloud边想边说，自然自语 think much of 重视，看重 think nothing/little of 认为没有什么了不起 think out 想出 think over 仔细考虑 think up 想出，发明 think well of 认为好think back 追忆，回想起be ture of （某种情况）适用于;对适用It is ture of everybody .它适用于每个人.=It goes for everybody.It applies to everybody.The food is good and the same is ture of the service.9