形容词、副词的比较级与最高级用法详解

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1、形容词、副词的比较级与最高级用法详解一、形容词、副词比较级、最高级构成大多数的形容词、副词都具有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。而形容词、副词的比较级、最高级构成方式分规则变化和不规则变化。其规则变化的方式详见下面个表：（一）规则变化：直接在词尾加-er, -est原级比较级最高级smallsmallersmallesthighhigherhighestfastfasterfastest 以不发音字母e结尾的，在词尾加-r , -st原级比较级最高级nicenicernicestlargelargerlargestlatelaterlatest以辅音字母+y“结尾的，把y变i，再加-er , -

2、est原级比较级最高级easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词汇，双写最后一个辅音字母，再 加-er, -est原级比较级最高级bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestthinthinnerthinnest部分双音节和多音节词，在其前加more, most原级比较级最高级popularmore popularmost populardeliciousmore deliciousmost deliciousquicklymore quicklymost quickly（

3、二）、不规则变化：比较级、最高级具有不规则变化形式的形容词和副词比较少，因 此，需要大家逐一认真记忆。详见下表：原级汉意比较级最高级good/well好的；好地betterbestmany/much许多moremostbad/ill/badly坏的；病的；坏 地worseworstfar远的fartherfarthest进一步的furtherfurthestold老的；旧的olderoldest年长的；（岁数）大的eldereldestlittle少的lessleast【妙记顺口溜】“坏”“病”两多”和两“好,一是“远”来,二是老, little是“少”不是“小七二、形容词、副词比较级和最高级

4、用法（一）形容词、副词比较级用法形容词、副词的比较级主要对两个的人或物在某种程度、性质上 进行比较。常见的形容词副词比较级用法如下：1同级比较 A+be/v+as+原级+as+BA 和 B 一样This room is as large as that one .这间房子和那间一样大（形容词）Tom writes as carefully as Kate.汤姆写字跟凯特一样认真。（副词） A+be/V+not+as（so）+级+as +BA 不如 BTigers arent as（so） dangerous as lions.老虎不如狮子危险。（形容词）Mary didnt finish th

5、e work as（so） well as Lucy.玛丽完成这项工作不如露西好。（副词）2. 差极比较 A+be/v+比较级+BA比B更.This pen is newer than that one.这支钢笔比那支新。（单音节形容词）He runs faster than me.他比我跑得快。（副词单音节）This picture is more beautiful than that one.这幅画你那幅美。（多音节形容词）He writes more carefully than her.他写得比她认真得多。（多音节副词） Which/Who be/v+比较级，A or B?A和B哪一

6、个（谁）更.?Which is bigger, the earth or the moon?哪6个更大，地球还是月亮？Who runs faster, Li Ming or Zhang Pin?谁她得更快，李明还是张平？ 主语+be+比较级+and+比较级When winter comes. days are getting shorter and shorter. 冬天来临，白天越来超短。（单音节形容） 主语+be/v+more and more +原级越来越Chongqing is becoming more and more beautiful.重庆超来越美丽了。（多音节形容词） The

7、+比较级，the+比较级。The more careful you are in the exam, the fewer mistakes you will make.在考试中，你越细心，出错就越少。The harder you work, the better youll get grades.你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。 A+be/v+the+比较级+of the two. A是两者中最she is the taller of the two girls.她是这两个女孩中最高的。三、形容词、副词前的修饰语当在强调比较的程度时，形容词、副词的比较级前可以使用部分 词或短语对比较级进行强调。

8、如下：1. 比较级前可加的修饰语:much,a little, even, still ,a lot, far 等It is much colder than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。My apple is a little bigger than yours.我的苹果比你的大一点。Meimei did even worse than Lucy梅梅做得甚至比露茜更糟。We must make it still better.我们要使我们的生活更加美好。She is a lot cleverer than I am.她比我聪明得多。2. 表倍数的词或度量名词Our classroo

9、m is three times larger than yours.She is three years younger than he.四、形容词、副词最高级用法形容词、副词最高级是对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较。详细 用法见下表：1. As+.the+最高级 +in (of, among).在某范围之内,A 最.China is the largest country in Asia.中国是亚洲最大的国家。He is the most active of the three boys (among the three boys) 他是这三个孩子中最活泼的。She runs the fa

10、stest in our class她是我们班跑得最快注：of(among)后跟与句子主语同类的名词或代词；而in后跟表范围的名词，注：形容词最高级前如果有形容词性物主代词，不用the。但副 词的最高级前可以不用the。2. A+.one of the +最高级+复数名词A是最.的.之一Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in Taiwan周杰伦是台湾最受欢迎的歌手之一。China is one of the largest countries in the world.中国是世界上最大的国家之一。3.the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in

11、+范围在某范围内是第几.的Yellow River is the second longest river in our country.黄河是我国第二长河流。4. Which (who) +(the)+最高级，A、B or C? A、B 或 C 中，哪个/谁最.Who jumps the highest in your class.Tom, Mike or Jim?你们班上谁跳得最高，汤姆，迈克还是吉姆？5. A+.the+最高级 + that I have ever +seen/heard /read.This is the most beautiful picture that I ha

12、ve ever seen.这是我见过的最美的画五、常见形容词、副词比较级、最高级句型之间相互转换1. A+be/v+not as(so)+ 原级+B= A+be/+原形、副词反义词比较级+than+BThis penis as(so)long as that one 这支钢笔不如那支长。This penis shorter than that one.这支钢笔比那支短。 B+be/v+原形、副词比较级+than+AThis penis as(so)long as that one 这支钢笔不如那支长。That penis longer than this one 那支钢笔比这支长。2. A+b

13、e/v+最高级+of/in. A+be/v+比较级+any other+单数名词+in. A+be/+比较级+the other复致名词+in. A+be/+比较级+anything else+in. A+be/+比较+anyone(anybody)else+单 数他是我们班最高的学生。He is the tallest student in our class .-He is taller than any other student in our class.-He is taller than the other students in our class.-He is taller t

14、han the others in our class.今He is taller than anybody(anyone) else in our class.六、使用形容词,副词比较级应注意的3点:1. very,quite,rather不能用于比较级前，只能用在原级前。 这间屋子比那间大很多。(x)This room is very larger than that one(V) This room is much larger than that one. 那座桥比这座长相当多。(x)That bridge is rather longer than this one.(V) That

15、 bridge is a lot longer than this one.2. 被比较的对象要与句子主语属于同一类别的人或物 中国比印度的人口多。(x)The population of China is larger than India.(V)The population of China is larger than that of India. 夏天，重庆的天气比哈尔滨热。(x)The weather in Chongqing is hotter than Harbin in summer.(V)The weather in Chongqing is hotter than that

16、 in Harbin in summer.3. 同一范围内比较，应使用 any other.或 the other.或 the others 避免主语重复比较。她比班上其他同学学习都努力。(x)She works harder than any student in our class(V)She works harder than any other any student in our class.(V)She works harder than the other students in our class.(V)She works harder than the others in our class.在不同范国内比较，使用any，而不用other.中国比任何一个非洲国家都大。(x)China is larger than any other country in Africa.(V) China is larger than any country in Africa