甲醇—水汽液平衡

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1、ropt1.016701.017721.021781.026871.031951.037031.04212R/Rmin1.0001.0011.0051.011.0151.021.025年总费1329387.813184821314831.用1344560.331.11314378131418813144465%2.37%1.22%0.39%0.07%0.06%0.08%0.11%ropt1.047201.052281.055331.057371.067541.077701.08787R/Rmin1.031.0351.0381.041.051.061.07年总费用1316669131808413

2、189261319446132355513271491331896%0.25%0.36%0.42%0.46%0.77%1.05%1.41%ropt1.098041.108201.118371.220041.321711.423381.52505R/Rmin1.081.091.11.21.31.41.5年总费用1336073134051613484191399738145355015096671566271%1.73%2.06%2.67%6.57%10.67%14.94%19.25%ropt1.626721.728391.830061.931732.033400R/Rmin1.61.71.81.

3、9200年总费1557936.1607201.用1623485168065817413221798365185650152%36.56%41.37%46.48%51.27%56.16%31.05%35.19%0. 0000. 5001. 0001. 5002. 0002. 500Ropt/Rmin附录二甲醇一水汽液平衡数据（摩尔组成）txytxy100.000.000.00075.300.400.72996.400.020.13473.100.500.77993.500.040.23471.200.600.82591.200.060.30469.300.700.87089.300.080.36

4、567.600.800.91587.700.100.41866.000.900.95884.400.150.51765.000.950.97981.700.200.57964.501.001.00078.000.300.665甲醇-水溶液汽液相平衡00.20.40.60.81附录一 甲醇_水系统的主要物理性质附一甲醇-水系统的主要物理性质一、甲醇主要的物理性质：相对分子质量；32.03；常压下沸点= 64. 7 C;在20C时的密度：792 kg/mJ,在64. 7 C时的蒸发潜热：1 100. 8 kJ/kg二、甲醇液体及其饱和蒸气的密度(kg/m3)温度/C-100102030405060

5、70百/kg m-381830980179278277276475474 6阿/kg m_s-一一h 0温度代8090100110120130140160160/kg -7367257147026&0677664650634py/kg m_i2. 6r_-3. 04+0乩0I 7.09-012. 0M+Q19.0温度代170180190200210220230240円/kg m7616598577553526490440272/kg 35.032. 0go45757. 486. 0119.0272.0三、甲醇水溶液的密度(kg/m3)CHjDH 质量分数X102温度心CHSOH质量分数X10S

6、温度/个010200102059519&199050929922916109849839826090902895159789769747088787987L!2097397096780863&55847309609509529083782982040946940935100810801792四、甲薛的比热容1/VJ - kgT -r/CJ kgT 5J 检一！ - C-1f 502 135.37-102344.72302 554. 07f 402 177. 2402386. 59402 595.942 219, 11102470. 33SO2 637. 81-202 302.35202512,

7、 20&02 679. 68附录三优化设计程序源代码 优化程序定义全局变量Dim JI#, J2#, J3#, J4#, JJ#zongtagao#,Dim N#, R#, Ropt#Dim lilunbanshu#, jinliaoweizhi%, tajing#, chukouwendu#, chuanremianji#, tiliuduanbanshu#, jinliuduanbanshu#Dim XF#, F#, q#, XD#, D#, td#, rD#, po#, u#, Rmin#, tl#, Cw#, Cp#, SI#, HETP#Dim Co#, HA#, f1#, f2#,

8、 a#, b#, FL#, 0 #, p #, bo#, Fc#优化所需参数Public Sub Form_Load()XF = 0.3151: F = 402.34: q = 1XD = 0.982: D = 128.97: td = 64.93: rD = 35373.48: po = 101.3 u = 5.4464: Rmin = 1.0167t1 = 20: Cw = 0.0002: Cp = 4.1875: Co = 0.03: cpa = 15674.4HETP = 0.462: HA = 6f1 = 1: f2 = 6.5: a = 487: b = 0.72: SI = 3.

9、73FL = 6.22: 0 = 7200: p = 7860: bo = 0.005: Fc = 0.125Text1.Text = 402.34Text2.Text = 0.3151Text3.Text = 128.97Text4.Text = 0.982Text5.Text = 35373.48Text6.Text = 64.93Text7.Text = 1Text8.Text = 1.0167Text9.Text = 7200Text10.Text = 3.73Text11.Text = 0.125Text12.Text = 6.22Text13.Text = 0.005Text14.

10、Text = 7860Text15.Text = 5.4464Text16.Text = 0.462Text17.Text = 6Text18.Text = 15674.4Text19.Text = 0.0002Text20.Text = 4.1875Text21.Text = 20Text22.Text = 2000Text23.Text = 1Text24.Text = 6.5Text25.Text = 487Text26.Text = 0.72Text27.Text = 0.03Text28.Text = 1.01Text29.Text = 2Text30.Text = 0.0001Te

11、xt31.Text =Text32.Text =Text33.Text =Text34.Text =Text35.Text =Text36.Text =Text37.Text =Text38.Text =Text39.Text =Text40.Text =Text41.Text =Text42.Text =Text43.Text =Text44.Text =Text45.Text =Text46.Text =Text47.Text =End Sub主程序Private Sub Command1_Click()菲波拿契法求 RoptDim Aa#, Bb#, W#(1 To 50), i%, K

12、%, N#, M%, R1#, R2#, #Dim JJ1#, JJ2#Aa = 1.01 * Rmin: Bb = 2 * Rmin 搜索区间Aa,BbW(1) = 1: W(2) = 2: W(3) = 3: i = 1: = 0.0001Do While W(i + 2) = (Bb - Aa) / )i = i + 1W(i + 2) = W(i) + W(i + 1)LoopR1 = Aa + (Bb - Aa) * W(i) / W(i + 2): JJ1 = j(Rl)N = i + 2: K = 1: M = 0Do While K N - 1If M = 0 ThenR2 =

13、 Aa + (Bb - Aa) * W(N - K) / W(N - K + 1) JJ2 = j(R2)ElseR1 = Aa + (Bb - Aa) * W(N - K - 1) / W(N - K + 1) JJ1 = j(R1)End IfIf JJ1 JJ2 ThenBb = R2: R2 = R1: JJ2 = JJ1: M = 1ElseAa = R1: R1 = R2: JJ1 = JJ2: M = 0End IfK = K + 1LoopR = (Aa + Bb) / 2Ropt = RJJ = j(R)Text31.Text = RoptText32.Text = Rmin

14、Text45.Text = Ropt / RminText33.Text = lilunbanshuText34.Text = zongtagaoText40.Text = J1Text41.Text = J2Text42.Text = J3Text43.Text = J4Text44.Text = JJText37.Text = tajingText38.Text = chukouwenduText39.Text = chuanremianjiText46.Text = Ropt * DText47.Text = (Ropt + 1) * DText35.Text = tiliuduanba

15、nshu * HETPText36.Text = jinliuduanbanshu * HETPEnd SubJ函数Public Function j(R#) As DoubleCall jjjl(R#, JI#)Call jjj2(R#, J2#)Call jjj3(R#, J3#)Call jjj4(R#, J4#)j = J1 + J2 + J3 + J4End Function求J1Public Sub jjj1(R#, J1#)Dim DT#, H#, Ws#, CH#Call tabanshu(R#, N#)DT = Sqr(R + 1) * D * 22.4 / (3600 *

16、0.785 * u) * (273 + td) / 273 * 101.3 / po)H = N * HETP + HAWs = 3.14 * DT * (H + 0.8116 * DT) * bo * p p 为碳钢的密度CH = FL * Exp(6.95 + 0.1808 * Log(Ws) + 0.02468 * (Log(Ws)人 2 + 0.0158 * H / DT)J1 = SI * (Fc + 0.06) * CHtajing = DTzongtagao = HEnd Sub求J2Public Sub jjj2(R#, J2#)Dim xx1#, xx0#, CD#, ff#

17、, df#, t2#, AD#, KD#KD = 2000: xx1 = 70Do牛顿迭代法求冷却水最佳出口温度t2xx0 = xx1CD = 1.3 * SI * a * b * f1 * f2 * Fc * (R + 1) * D * rD / (td - t1)人(b - 1) / KD 人 bff = -Cw * 0 / Cp + CD * (xx0 - 1) / xx0 / Log(xx0)人(1 - b) * (xx0 - 1 - Log(xx0)df = CD * (xxO - 1) / xxO / Log(xxO)人(2 - b) * (b - 1) * (xxO - 1 -

18、Log(xxO)人 2 / (xxO - 1)人 2 + Log(xxO)xx1 = xx0 - ff / dfLoop Until Abs(xxl - xx0) XF ThenY(i + 1) = R * X(i) / (R + 1) + XD / (R + 1)n1 = i + 1 + (X(i) - XF) / (X(i) - X(i + 1)ElseY(i + 1) = W * (X(i) - XW) / VIf X(i) XW Then Exit DoEnd Ifi = i + 1xx(i) = (Y(i) / (3.3874 * (1 - Y(i)人(1 / 0.7977)X(i)

19、 = xx(i) / (1 + xx(i)LoopN = i - 1 + (X(i - 1) - XW) / (X(i - 1) - X(i)lilunbanshu = Ntiliuduanbanshu = n1jinliuduanbanshu = N - n1End Sub调整ROPT程序：定义全局变量Dim J1#, J2#, J3#, J4#, JJ#Dim N#, R#, Ropt#Dim lilunbanshu#, jinliaoweizhi%, tajing#, chukouwendu#, chuanremianji#, zongtagao#, tiliuduanbanshu#,

20、jinliuduanbanshu#Dim XF#, F#, q#, XD#, D#, td#, rD#, po#, u#, Rmin#, t1#, Cw#, Cp#, SI#, HETP#Dim Co#, HA#, f1#, f2#, a#, b#, FL#, 0 #, p #, bo#, Fc#优化所需参数Public Sub Form_Load()XF = 0.3151: F = 402.34: q = 1XD = 0.982: D = 128.97: td = 64.93: rD = 35373.48: po = 101.3 u = 5.4464: Rmin = 1.0167t1 = 2

21、0: Cw = 0.0002: Cp = 4.1875: Co = 0.03: cpa = 15674.4HETP = 0.462: HA = 6f1 = 1: f2 = 6.5: a = 487: b = 0.72: SI = 3.73FL = 6.22: 0 = 7200: p = 7860: bo = 0.005: Fc = 0.125Textl.Text = 402.34Text2.Text = 0.3151Text3.Text = 128.97Text4.Text = 0.982Text5.Text = 35373.48Text6.Text = 64.93Text7.Text = 1

22、Text8.Text = 1.0167Text9.Text = 7200Text10.Text = 3.73Text11.Text = 0.125Text12.Text = 6.22Text13.Text = 0.005Text14.Text = 7860Text15.Text = 5.4464Text16.Text = 0.462Text17.Text = 6Text18.Text = 15674.4Text19.Text = 0.0002Text20.Text = 4.1875Text21.Text = 20Text22.Text = 2000Text23.Text = 1Text24.T

23、ext = 6.5Text25.Text = 487Text26.Text = 0.72Text27.Text = 0.03Text28.Text = 1.01Text29.Text = 2Text30.Text = 0.0001Text31.Text =Text32.Text =Text33.Text =Text34.Text =Text35.Text =Text36.Text =Text37.Text =Text38.Text =Text39.Text =Text40.Text =Text41.Text =Text42.Text =Text43.Text =Text44.Text =Tex

24、t45.Text =Text46.Text =Text47.Text =End Sub主程序Private Sub Commandl_Click()菲波拿契法求 RoptR = Text31.TextRopt = RJJ = j(R)Text32.Text = RminText45.Text = Ropt / RminText33.Text = lilunbanshuText34.Text = zongtagaoText40.Text = J1Text41.Text = J2Text42.Text = J3Text43.Text = J4Text44.Text = JJText37.Text

25、= tajingText38.Text = chukouwenduText39.Text = chuanremianjiText46.Text = Ropt * DText47.Text = (Ropt + 1) * DText35.Text = tiliuduanbanshu * HETPText36.Text = jinliuduanbanshu * HETPEnd SubJ函数Public Function j(R#) As DoubleCall jjj1(R#, J1#)Call jjj2(R#, J2#)Call jjj3(R#, J3#)Call jjj4(R#, J4#)j =

26、JI + J2 + J3 + J4End Function求J1Public Sub jjjl(R#, JI#)Dim DT#, H#, Ws#, CH#Call tabanshu(R#, N#)DT = Sqr(R + 1) * D * 22.4 / (3600 * 0.785 * u) * (273 + td) / 273 * 101.3 / po)If DT 1 ThenDT = Int(DT * 10 + 1) / 10ElseDT = Int(DT * 5 + 1) * 0.2End IfH = N * HETP + HAWs = 3.14 * DT * (H + 0.8116 *

27、DT) * bo * p p 为碳钢的密度CH = FL * Exp(6.95 + 0.1808 * Log(Ws) + 0.02468 * (Log(Ws)人 2 + 0.0158 * H / DT)J1 = SI * (Fc + 0.06) * CHtajing = DTzongtagao = HEnd Sub求J2Public Sub jjj2(R#, J2#)Dim xx1#, xx0#, CD#, ff#, df#, t2#, AD#, KD#KD = 2000: xx1 = 70Do牛顿迭代法求冷却水最佳出口温度t2xx0 = xx1CD = 1.3 * SI * a * b *

28、f1 * f2 * Fc * (R + 1) * D * rD / (td - t1)人(b - 1) / KD 人 bff = -Cw * 0 / Cp + CD * (xx0 - 1) / xx0 / Log(xx0)人(1 - b) * (xx0 - 1 - Log(xx0) df = CD * (xx0 - 1) / xx0 / Log(xx0)人(2 - b) * (b - 1) * (xx0 - 1 - Log(xx0)人 2 / (xx0 - 1)人 2 + Log(xx0)xx1 = xx0 - ff / dfLoop Until Abs(xx1 - xx0) XF ThenY

29、(i + 1) = R * X(i) / (R + 1) + XD / (R + 1) n1 = i + 1 + (X(i) - XF) / (X(i) - X(i + 1)ElseY(i + 1) = W * (X(i) - XW) / VIf X(i) XW Then Exit DoEnd Ifi = i + 1xx(i) = (Y(i) / (3.3874 * (1 - Y(i)人(1 / 0.7977)X(i) = xx(i) / (1 + xx(i)LoopN = i - 1 + (X(i - 1) - XW) / (X(i - 1) - X(i) lilunbanshu = N t

30、iliuduanbanshu = n1 jinliuduanbanshu = N - n1End Sub1 前言12方案论证2.1精馏塔类型12.2精馏压力12.3进料方式12.4填料类型22.5加热方式22.6塔材料类型23数学模型的建立3.1精馏塔塔体年投资折旧费及维修费用33.2冷凝器年运转费用43.3直接蒸汽加热费用53.4填料年折旧费54数学模型的求解4.1数学模型决策变量分析54.2 主要工艺参数的求解54.2.1 塔径的计算54.2.2塔板数的计算64.2.2.1 相平衡关系的表示64.2.2.2 N 的计算64.2.3冷凝器年运转费用的计算74.2.3.1冷却水用量及冷凝器传热

31、面积的计算74.2.3.2 冷凝器冷却水最佳出口温度的确定74.2.4直接加热蒸气费用的计算84.3数学模型的求解84.3.1单变量最优化方法84.3.2优化设计程序框图84.3.2.1函数调用关系95优化设计计算5.1数据预处理105.1.1 进塔物料的计算105.1.2塔顶蒸气温度的计算105.1.3等板高度的计算10I5.1.4产品汽化潜热的计算115.1.5最小回流比的确定115.1.6填料单价的计算115.1.7 空塔气速的计算115.2.塔径的计算135.3填料层高度的计算135.4精馏塔塔体年投资折旧费及维修费用的计算135.5冷凝器年运转费用的计算145.5.1 冷凝器冷却水最

32、佳出口温度的确定145.5.2冷却水用量及冷凝器传热面积的计算145.5.3精馏塔塔体年投资折旧费及维修费用的计算-155.6再沸器年运转费用的计算155.7填料年折旧费用的计算155.8汽液负荷155.8.1气相负荷155.8.2液相负荷155.9年总费用与回流比的关系156填料塔水力学性能校核6.1泛点率校核176.2径比校核176.3喷淋密度校核176.4填料塔压降177附属设备的设计与选型7.1 塔顶冷凝器187.1.1 冷凝器传热量187.1.2冷凝器传热推动力187.1.3初估冷凝器传热面积197.1.4冷凝器传热系数的校核197.1.5冷凝器传热面积的校核227.1.6冷凝器壳程

33、、管程流动阻力227.2 接管选型247.2.1 进料口接管的选型247.2.2 冷却水接管的选型257.2.3塔顶蒸气接管选型25117.2.4塔顶产品接管选型257.2.5塔底产品接管选型267.2.6塔顶产品回流接管选型267.2.7塔底加热蒸气接管选型267.3冷却水输送泵7.3.1 塔高的计算277.3.2 冷却水输送泵选型277.4填料支承结构287.5液体分布装置287.6填料压紧装置297.7液体收集再分布装置298设计结果汇总299设计心得31参考文献31附录一甲醇和水部分物性参数32附录二 甲醇一水汽液平衡数据（摩尔组成）33附录三优化设计程序源代码34化工原理课程设计学生姓名：黄圣楠学 号：081000115专业班级：10级生工（1）班指导教师：张星2013年1月24日