教育专题：英语中考复习7形容词和副词

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1、语法专项突破专题七形容词和副词考点一形容词、副语的句法功能形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词。它们各自的功能如下：词类功能例句形容词定语Han Mei is a beautiful girl.韩梅是一个美丽的女孩。表语The meal is very delicious.这顿饭很美味。宾语补足语We must keep the classroom clean.我们必须保持教室清洁。副词状语Bill gets up late on weekends.比尔在周末起得晚。后置定语Life here is rich and interesting.这里的生活既富裕又有趣。表语Class is over.放

2、学了。考点二形容词的排列顺序不少学生对如何排列形容词的词序颇感困惑。在此，我们向同学们介绍一个简易的记忆方法。请你记住“限观形龄色国材”，如果这几个字不好记，你就记“县官行令谢国财”。口诀说明例词县（限）代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。the，this，that，my，Toms，two官（观）代表观点的描述性形容词。fine，beautiful，interesting行（形）代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词。small，tall，high，round令（龄）代表年龄、新旧的形容词。young，old，new谢（色）代表颜色的形容词。red，black

3、，white国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词（或名词）。English，American财（材）代表中心名词构成材料的形容词。wooden，stone，plasticThere is a fine old stone bridge near the village.村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石桥。I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday.昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒。They have got such a round brown wooden table.他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。考点三形容词变副词的方法1大多数形容词在词尾加ly

4、。carefulcarefully，quickquickly，brightbrightly2以“辅音字母y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加ly。easyeasily，happyhappily，luckyluckily3以“元音字母e”结尾的形容词，去e再加ly。truetruly4以le结尾的形容词，去e再加y。terribleterribly，simplesimply，possiblepossibly考点四形容词、副词的比较等级1形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的概念和构成：英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是在词

5、尾加er/est或在词前加more/most，属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则的变化。（1）规则变化情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加er或estold旧的fast快的olderfasteroldestfastest以e结尾的词加r或stlate晚的laterlatest以“辅音y”结尾的双音节词变y为i，再加er或estearly早的happy高兴的earlierhappierearliesthappiest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或mostuseful有用的carefully仔细地more usefulmore carefullymost useful most car

6、efully重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加er或estbig大的hot热的thin瘦的fat胖的biggerhotterthinnerfatterbiggesthottest thinnest fattest（2）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestill/bad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2.形容词/副词比较等级的基本用法级用法比较级A和B两者相比较结构例

7、句ABA谓语比较级thanBWho/Which谓语比较级，A or B？Tom is taller than Bill.汤姆比比尔高。Which do you like better，apples or pears?苹果和梨你更喜欢哪一种？ABA谓语as形容词/副词原级asBTom runs as fast as Jim.汤姆跑得和吉姆一样快。ABA（否定）谓语比较级thanBA（否定）谓语as/so原级asBA谓语less原级thanBAlice isnt older than Ann.艾丽斯不如安大。Bob isnt as tall as Nick.鲍勃不如尼克高。Ann is less

8、beautiful than Lucy.安不如露西漂亮。最高级表示三者或三者以上的比较，表示其中一个在某一方面超过其他几个。后面用in或of短语来说明比较的范围。Whobethe形容词的最高级，A、B or C?Whichbethe形容词的最高级，A、B or C?A谓语the形容词/副词的最高级表示范围的短语（of/in.）Who is the tallest，Tom，Bill or Jim?汤姆、比尔、吉姆谁最高？Bob is the shortest in his class.鲍勃在他的班里最矮。3.形容词和副词比较级的特殊用法（1）比较级的特殊用法比较级and比较级“越来越”（“mor

9、e原级”构成的比较级用more and more原级）China is becoming stronger and stronger.中国正变得越来越强大。the比较级.，the比较级.，“越，就越”The more we do for the people，the happier well be.我们为人民做得越多，我们就越幸福。句中如果有“of the two”短语时，比较级前加the，表示两个中的一个更/较Bill is the taller of the two boys.比尔是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。（2）最高级的特殊用法.one ofthe形容词的最高级复数名词China is

10、one of the largest countries all over the world.中国是世界上最大的国家之一。.the序数词形容词的最高级The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。（3）比较级表示最高级含义.形容词/副词的比较级thanany other单数名词Wang Fang studies better than any other student in her class.王芳比她班上的其他任何一个学生学习都好。形容词/副词的比较级thanthe other复数名词Wang Fang s

11、tudies better than the other students in her class.王芳在她班中学习最好。4比较级、原级的修饰语（1）当强调比较的程度时，可以在形容词或副词的比较级前使用much，a little，even，still，a lot，far，any，no等。It is much hotter today than it was yesterday.今天比昨天热得多。My apple is a little smaller than yours.我的苹果比你的小点儿。Meimei does even worse than Lucy.梅梅做得甚至比露西更糟。（2）v

12、ery，quite，too，so常用来修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。汤姆比我高很多。（）Tom is very taller than me.（）Tom is much taller than me.1（2012湖南衡阳中考，31）The price of the sweater is very _.I cant afford it.AexpensiveBcheapChigh2（2012湖南郴州中考，30）The more careful you are，the _ mistakes you will make.Afew Bfewer Cfewest 3（2012 湖南湘潭中考，22）I thin

13、k Chinese is _ than any other subject.Aeasy Beasier Ceasiest 4（2012湖南岳阳中考，25）Wembley Stadium（温布利大球场）is one of the _ soccer fields in the world.It will be the place for soccer matches during the Olympics next month.Afamous Bmore famous Cmost famous5（2012湖南衡阳中考，23）Lucy does homework _ than Tim.Acarefu

14、lly Bmore careful Cmore carefully6（2012湖南怀化中考，23）Who runs _，Nick and Harry?Nick.Afast Bfaster Cfastest7（2012四川凉山中考，25）Mike always does his homework as _as the exams.Agood Bwell Cbetter8（2012湖北恩施中考，23）Farmers have become _ in our hometown in recent years.Amore and more richBricher and richerCmore ric

15、h and more rich9（2012福建泉州中考，32）Who gets up_ of you all in the dormitory，Tony?Jimmy does.Aearly Bearlier Cearliest10Our school is one of _ schools in Hunan.Agood Bbetter Cthe best11In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money_ during the Spring Festival.Afinally Bluckily Cespecially12Dont worry.H

16、e is_to look after little Betty.Acarefully enoughBenough carefulCcareful enough13You must drive _ next time，or there may be another accident.Amore carefully Bcarefully Ccareful14Who did it better，Bill or Henry?I think Bill did just _ Henry.Aas well as Bas good as Cas better as15We should use_plastic

17、 bags to help the environment.Lets say goodbye to them.Afewer Bmore Cless16Of the two Australian students，Masha is _ one.I think you can find her easily.Atallest Bthe taller Ctaller17Jack writes _ than he did before.Amuch carefullyBmore carefulCmuch more carefully18If you like the chicken，you may ha

18、ve as _ as you can.Amuch Bmany Cmore19He didnt sing _ that night as he usually did.Aso well Bso better Cmore better20Which one of those two houses would you buy?I would buy the_one，because I have a big family.Alarger Blargest Csmaller21It is_ to teach a kid the way to solve a problem than tell him t

19、he solution directly.Ahelpful Bmore helpful Cthe most helpful22How often do you go to a concert?_ever.Im not interested in that at all.AUsually BHardly CAlmost23I have _ to tell you.Maybe you will be _ in it.Ainteresting something；interestedBsomething interesting；interestingCsomething interesting；in

20、terested参考答案 专题七形容词和副词专题提升演练1C形容物品的价格用高（high）低（low）。由“我买不起它。”可知这件毛衣的价格应该是很高。2B“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”，故选B项。3B由than可知应该用比较级。4C“one of the最高级复数名词”表示“最的之一”。5C由than可知应该用比较级，修饰谓语动词does应该用副词，故选C项。6B由比较的范围是两者可知用比较级。7Bas.as中间跟原级，修饰does用副词well，故选B项。8B“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”。9C比较的范围是all（三者或三者以上），故用最高级。10C“one of t

21、he最高级”意为“最之一”，故选C项。11Cfinally“最终地”；luckily“幸运地”；especially“尤其是”。句意：在中国给孩子们压岁钱，尤其是在春节期间，是一个习俗。故答案为C项。12C句意：别担心。他照顾小贝蒂足够细心。enough应该放在所修饰的形容词和副词的后面，因此可以排除B项，再由空格前为be动词，因此可以确定应该用形容词作表语。13A句意：下次开车你必须更认真，否则可能还会出事故。drive是实义动词因此用carefully进行修饰，carefully的比较级为more carefully。14A句意：比尔和亨利谁做得更好？我认为比尔和亨利做得一样好。as.as

22、.意思是“和一样”。中间加形容词或副词的原级，在此用副词well修饰动词did，故答案为A项。15Aplastic bag是可数名词，排除C项；根据句意可知少用塑料袋会对环境有好处，故选A项。16B句意：在这两个澳大利亚学生中，玛莎是较高的那一个。我认为你能很容易找到她。当比较的范围是of the two.时，比较级前要加定冠词the，表示特指。17Cwrite是实义动词因此用副词进行修饰。由than可以确定用比较级，carefully的比较级为more carefully，much可以修饰比较级，故答案为C项。18A句意：如果你喜欢鸡肉，你可以尽可能多吃。as.as.中间跟形容词或副词的原级

23、，因为chicken是不可数名词，因此用much修饰。19A句意：那天晚上他唱歌不如平时唱得好。not so.as.意思是“不如”，中间加形容词或副词的原级。20A句意：你想买那两个房子中的哪一个？我想买更大的那一个，因为我有一个大家庭。由题中的关键词of those two houses可知应该用比较级，可以排除B选项，再由“I have a big family”可知答案选A项。21B由than可知应该用比较级，故答案为B项。22Busually“通常”；hardly ever“很少，几乎不”；almost “几乎”。由答语“我对它一点也不感兴趣。”可知答案为B项。23C修饰不定代词的词要放在不定代词的后面，be interested in“对感兴趣”。