被动语态高三复习

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1、什么是主动语态与被动语态？什么是主动语态与被动语态？主动主动语态语态 Active voice：主语是动作的：主语是动作的发出者发出者 do被动被动语态语态 Passive voice：主语是动作的：主语是动作的承受者承受者 注意注意:不及物动词不及物动词(短语短语)没有被动语没有被动语态态His dream will be come true sooner or later.一般式一般式进行式进行式be being done完成式完成式 has/have being donebe done结构结构:主动主动语态语态谓语结构谓语结构被动语态被动语态谓语结构谓语结构一般现在时一般现在时 do/d

2、oes一般过去时一般过去时 did现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are doing过去进行时过去进行时was/were doing一般将来时一般将来时 will do过去将来时过去将来时would do现在完成时现在完成时has/have done过去完成时过去完成时had doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being donewill be donewould be donehas/have been donehad been done1.Bruce writes a letter every week.

3、A letter is written by Bruce every week.2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.3.He has written two novels so far.Two novels have been written by him so far.4.They will plant ten trees tomorrow.Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5.Lucy

4、is writing a letter now.A letter is being written by Lucy now.6.You must lock the door when you leave.the door must be locked when you leave 1.The bridge (build)last year.2.The Olympic Games (hold)3.every four years.4.3.The problem (discuss)5.at the meeting now.6.4.His new book (publish)7.next month

5、.8.5.In the last few decades,many parks 9._ (design)to provide entertainment.6.The machine (repair)at this time yesterday.7.She said the report (type)by Li Mei for two weeks.8.Miss Li said the book (give)to the students the next morning.was built are held is being discussed will be published have be

6、en designed last year every four yearsnow next monthIn the last few decadeswas being repairedat this time yesterdayhad been typedsaidfor two weekswould be givensaidthe next morning1.带情态动词的被动结构。带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：其形式为：情态动词情态动词be过去分词过去分词。Finally,children should _(send)to somewhere where life is hard if p

7、ossible.(执信中学执信中学)be sentYoung trees must _ (water)often.Your mistakes should _ (correct)right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow be wateredbe corrected (1)My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.A present was given to me

8、yesterday.(2)My mother made me a new skirt.A new skirt was made for me.2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动另一个不动.He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike.A new bike was bought

9、 for me by my father.什么时候用什么时候用to,什么时候用什么时候用for 呢？呢？give,show,lend,sell,tell,pass,bring,take,teach,offer,pay,promise sth to sbbuy,cook,make,find,keep,order,choose,paint sth for sb 3.感官动词感官动词或使役动词使用省略或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，的动词不定式，主动语态中不带主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。例：例：make somebody do somethings

10、omebody+be+made to do something see somebody do somethingsomebody+be+seen to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.(1).我妹妹由奶奶照顾。我

11、妹妹由奶奶照顾。My sister will _by Grandma.(2).病人正在做手术病人正在做手术 The patient_.be taken care ofis being operated on4.短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：这类动词有：laugh at,operate on,listen to,look after,think of,talk abouthand in,catch sight of,make use of,pay attent

12、ion to,set fire to,take care of等。等。We cant laugh at him.He cant be laughed at by us.He listens to the radio every day.The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man.The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,特别要注意表示发生的动词特别要

13、注意表示发生的动词happen,take place,break out,come about,occur(1)When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun_ already _ (rise).2.China has taken place great changes.Great changes have been taken place in ChinahasrisenFFGreat changes have taken place in China,(3)The building _(look)very beautiful.(4)Her vo

14、ice _ (sound)quite sweet and we were deeply attracted.lookssounded2.五大感官系动词五大感官系动词(feel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell)没有被动语态没有被动语态(5)The cloth_(wash)easily.(6)The new product _(sell)well（7）The pen _(write)smoothly.washessells一些动词表示性质的如：一些动词表示性质的如：sell，wash,write,last,cook 一般用作不及物动词其后通常加一般用作不及物动词其后通常加副

15、词副词well,badly,easily,smoothlywrites这布很好洗。这布很好洗。这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。这支笔写字很流畅。这支笔写字很流畅。(8)The book is well worth _(read).(9)The problem is not worth_ (discuss).readingdiscussing4.Sth be worth+doing(10)The flowers need/want _(wash).这个问题需要注意。这个问题需要注意。(11)The problem required_.washing paying attention toneed

16、,want,require+doing1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,take place,break out,belong to,consist of等。等。2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，3.有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时，表示等副词连用时，表示主语内主语内在品质或性能在品质或性能，是，是不及物动词不及物动词，用，用

17、主动表示被动主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。等。4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动5.在在need,want,require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词后的动词后的的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。动名词用主动形式表被动意义。We have an old musical instrument.It _(call)a clavichord.It _(make)in Germany in1681.Our clavichord _(keep)in the living

18、 room.It _ (belong)to our family for a long time.The instrument _(buy)my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings _ (broke).My father _ (shock).Now we _(not allow)to touch it.It _ (repair)by a fri

19、end of my fathers now.is called was made is kept has belongedwas bought were broken was shocked are not allowed is being repaired(1)When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun_ already _ (rise).(2)After the fire,few houses_ (remain).(3)The building _(look)very beautiful.(4)Her voice _ (sound)quit

20、e sweet and we were deeply attracted.(5)The cloth_(wash)well.(6)The new product _(sell)well.(7)The book is well worth_(read).(8)The problem is not worth_ (discuss).(9)The flowers need/want _(wash)._(wash).这个问题需要注意。这个问题需要注意。(10)The problem(10)The problem required_.required_.paying attention towahingd

21、iscussingreadingsellswashessoundslooksremained had risen1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,take place,break out,belong to,consist of等。等。2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look,taste,sound,smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动5.在在need,want,require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词的动词后的动名词

22、用主动形式表被动含义后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,take place,break out,belong to,consist of等。等。2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，3.有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时，表示等副词连用时，表示主语内主语内在品质或性能在品质或性能，是，是不及物动词不及物

23、动词，用，用主动表示被动主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。等。4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动5.在在need,want,require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词后的动词后的的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。动名词用主动形式表被动意义。一一.掌握被动语态的时态掌握被动语态的时态二二.被动语态的特殊结构形式被动语态的特殊结构形式1.1.2.2.3.3.4.4.三三.不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况1.1.2.2.3.3.4 45 5情态动词情态动词+be+d

24、one 含有双宾语的主动句变被动语态应注意的问题含有双宾语的主动句变被动语态应注意的问题在在 使役动词以及感官动词使役动词以及感官动词后作宾语补足语的后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带动词不定式都不带 to但但改成被动语态后都带改成被动语态后都带to 短语动词的被动式短语动词的被动式不及物动词没有被动语态不及物动词没有被动语态，感官系动词感官系动词 用主动形式表示被动意义用主动形式表示被动意义be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动在在need,want,require 表示表示“需要需要”的的动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义有些动词有些动词well,badly,easily等副词连用时，等副词连用时，表示表示主语内在品质或性能主语内在品质或性能，用，用主动表示被动主动表示被动，