常用介词短语及巧记忆

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1、常用介词短语及巧记忆at用在时刻前,亦与正午、午夜连,黎明、终止和开端,at与之紧接着相伴。周月季年长时间,in须放在其前面,泛指一晌和傍晚,也要放在in后边。on指特定某一天,日期、星期和节日前,某天上下和夜晚,依然要在on后站。今明昨天前后天,上下这那每之前,at、in、on都不用,此乃习惯记心间。on,at,in这三个常用介词都可以表示时间和地点,但具体用法不同,多数学生对它们混 淆不清。现在只要记住了口诀,就可避免at,on,in的种种误用。1. on,in,at表示时间on、在具体某一天当某时,动名词,arrival,death前;early,late位句先,用in 一般傻 下”、晚

2、; on用于天,in用于月、季、年;限定三时in要变。at是个时间点,工作”时刻与圣 诞”。at noon(night),in the day,习惯用语记心间。注:on表示在具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上。例 On mothers Day, we should send flowers to our mother.母亲节,我们应该送 花给我们的母亲。On my arrival home I found he had gone already当我到家时,我发现他已经走了。 当early,late用于句首修饰介词短语时,尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上, 都要用in,泛指一般的上、下

3、午,晚上也用in。例 Early in the morning of National Dayl got up to catch the first bus to the zoo. 国庆节一清早,我便起床往赶到动物园的第一班公共汽车。My father begins work at 8: 00 in the morning and stops work at 4: 00 in the afternoon.我父亲上午8点上班,下午4点放工。 于将来时态表示过一段时间后及表示在期间和在某个季节,某年、某月都用 in。例I hear hell be back in a month.我听说他将于一个月

4、后回来。In the course of the last lesson in French little Franz was listening to the master very attentively .在那最后一堂法语课中,小弗朗兹非常专心地听着老师讲。Xiao Ming was born in December of 2004.小明生于 2004 年 12 月。 当 morning, afternoon, evening有前位定语或后置定语限定时,就不用in而用on。例on a hot (summer) noon在一个炎热(夏天)的中午on Monday morning 在星期一上

5、午on the morning of March 8th 在 3 月 8 日上午 表示某时某刻及在work,Christmas前用at。例 We get up at eight oclock.我们 8 点起床。My father are busily at work all day.我父亲整天忙于工作。In western countries children get present from their parents at Christmas.在西 方国荚冬孩子们在圣诞节得到父亲给的礼物。实际上是有关介词in和on的区别。介词in和on在表示方位的时候,在用法上有如下区 别:in表示在.中

6、,在.内,例如:in the village (在村里)in the street (在街上)in the fields (在田里)in the woods (在树林里)in the wall (在墙里面,例如在墙上打个钉)on表示在一个平面上,例如:on the table (在桌上)on the lake (在湖面上)on the wall (在墙上,例如在墙的平面上挂幅画) 再比较:We swim in the river.(我们在河里游泳)We have a house on the river (我们有座屋子在河面上)【in】我是大姐,由于我后面所接的都是较长时间。具体用法有:1.

7、表示在较长的时间里(如周/月份/季节/年份/世纪等)。如:in a week in May; in spring / summer/ autumn / winter; in 2008; in the 1990s等。2. 表示在上午、下午或晚上。如:in the morning / afternoon / eveningo3. in the daytime (在白天)属于固定搭配,指从日出到日落这一段时间,反义词组是in the night。4. “in +一段时间表示多久以后/以内,常与将来时连用。如:in half an hour in ten minutes; in a few days

8、等。【on】我是 二姐,我后面所接的时间多与日期有关。具体用法有:1. 表示在具体的某一天(如日期、生日、节日或星期几)如:on May 4th 1919; on Monday; on Teachers Day; on my birthday; on that day 等。2. 表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上。如:on the morning of July 2; on Sunday afternoon; on a cold winter evening 等。【at】我是小妹,由于接在我后面的时间最短。具体用法有:1. 表示在某一具体时刻,即几点几分。如:at six oclock; at ha

9、lf past nine ; at a quarter to six; at this time 等。2. 表示在某一短暂的时间。如:at noon; at this moment; at the end of a year; at the start of the concert 等。介词通俗记忆介词为虚词,不能单独充当句子成分,必须同名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语,才能 充当句子成分。介词短语在句中常作表语、定语、状语和补足语。介词的用法比较复杂,在 英语学习中须多多留意。本人根据多年教学与学习的经验把介词用法做一小结,以期雅俗共赏并对大家学习和记忆有一、介词及介词短语 介词像个游离体

10、,名前动后常出现,一旦组成某结构,句中成分有一位。介+宾叫介短,作形、副句里边。宾补、表、定、状,都能用得上。动+介一一动词性,及、不及物谓语用。成语、习语常固定,应用起来有弹性。注 介词后面的名词、代词或数词是介词的宾语,介词和介词宾语合成介词短语。介词短 语在句中的语法作用相当于形容词或副词,在句中做宾(主)语、补足语、表语、定语或状 语。动词+介词(副词)组成一个动词词组或短语动词,其语法作用相当于一个及物动词或 不及物动词,在句中作谓语。二、介词在句中的位置介词活跃句关键,短语合成形简单,独作成分看不见,介短表定状可担。before时空在之前,after之后off远。直上 over,a

11、bove 斜,under,below 下相反。直到till,on表面,穿过through,for因缘。by表旁边in里面,with伴随by车船。时间地点 at、in、on, 二者 between 多 among,behind 后面 beside 旁, 四周 near 沿着 along。from来自like像,表示目的for,to当。of所属四周round,向上up向下down。三、on,at,in用法巧记 on,at,in这三个常用介词都可以表示时间和地点,但具体用法不同,多数学生对它们混 淆不清。现在只要记住了 口诀,就可避免at,on,in的种种误用。天梭手表1. on, in, at表示

12、时间 on、在具体某一天当某时,动名词,arrival, death前;early, late位句先,用in 一般傻 下”、晚;on用于天,in用于月、季、年;限定三时in要变。at是个时间点,工作”、时刻与圣诞。at noon(night),in the day,习惯用语记心间。注:on表示在具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上。例 On mothers Day, we should send flowers to our mother.母亲节,我们应该送 花给我们的母亲。On my arrival home I found he had gone already当我到家时,我发现他已经

13、走了。 当early,late用于句首修饰介词短语时,尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上, 都要用in,泛指一般的上、下午,晚上也用in。例 Early in the morning of National Dayl got up to catch the first bus to the zoo.国庆节一清早,我便起床往赶到动物园的第一班公共汽车。天梭My father begins work at 8: 00 in the morning and stops work at 4: 00 in the afternoon.我父亲上午8点上班,下午4点放工。 于将来时态表示过一段时间后及表示

14、在期间和在某个季节,某年、某月都用 in。例I hear hell be back in a month.我听说他将于一个月后回来。In the course of the last lesson in French little Franz was listening to the master very attentively .在那最后一堂法语课中,小弗朗兹非常专心地听着老师讲。Xiao Ming was born in December of 2004.小明生于 2004 年 12 月。 当 morning,afternoon,evening有前位定语或后置定语限定时,就不用in而用o

15、n。例on a hot (summer) noon在一个炎热(夏天)的中午on Monday morning 在星期一上午on the morning of March 8th 在 3 月 8 日上午 表示某时某刻及在work,Christmas前用at。例 We get up at eight oclock.我们 8 点起床。My father are busily at work all day.我父亲整天忙于工作。In western countries children get present from their parents at Christmas.在西 方国荚冬孩子们在圣诞节

16、得到父亲给的礼物。2. on,in,at表示地点on、在之上接触面,靠近、交界、左右边;in、在里面和中间;at表示小地点,进口、车站、电影院;home出现定语、冠,须用in把at换;夜间、车辆若有限,及在途中on在前。注:在表示地点时,指在.之上(与表面接触)、靠近、交界及在左右边都用on。例 There is an English-Chinese dictionary and two grammar books on the big desk .那张大写字台上有一本英汉词典和两本语法书。Korea lies on the northeast of China朝鲜位于中国东北方。Tom wa

17、s sitting on my left when we saw the film yesterday我们昨天看电影时,汤姆坐在我左边。表示在.里面(即物体内部),在.中间(即middle表示时间:time in 1999, in 20 century, in a flash(瞬 时),in a lucky hour(在幸运时亥 刻), in a minute, in a second,in a short time, in a while, in a wink( 一瞬间)in advanc e(预先),in an emergency(在紧急地时候),in an evil hour (在不幸地

18、时亥 U), in an instant, in ancient times,in broad day(在大白天),in course of,(在期间),in December, in due course (及时地),in future,in good season(及时地),in no time (马上),in ones childhood, in ones spare time,in ones teens, in ones youth,in recent years, in seaso n(适时),in seconds (在很短的时间),in some case s(有时候),in sp

19、ring, in the afternoon,in the beginning, in the daytime, in the end,in the evening, in the future, in the long run(最 后),in the meantime, in the morning, in the nick of time(在 紧急关头),in the night, in the past, in the thick of (在最激烈的时刻),in the thick of(在最激烈的时刻),in this period, in those days, in time of

20、 war, in time,天梭表官方网站on on a certain day, on a sudden(忽 然),on a winter morning, on Christmas Day, on night shift, on ones birthday, on schedule(按时),on Sunday, on that date, on the eve of, on the following day, on the instant 马 上),on the moment(立即),on the Monday morning, on the New Years Eve, on the

21、next morning, on the point of(正在时候), on the spur of the moment(立即)on this day, on this occasion, on time,at at a time(在某时),at a wedding(婚礼),at all times (一直),at any moment, at any time, at Christmas,at dark (进夜时),at dawn (在黎明),at daybreak, at dinner-time,at dusk(在黄昏),at Easter, at first sight,( 一见到)

22、,at first, at last, at midnight, at night, at nightfall, at noon, at present, at six clock, at sunrise, at sunset,at that moment, at that time, at the age of, at the beginning of , at the correct time,at the end of, at the last minute, at the moment,at the present stage at the same time, at the stag

23、 眼下)at the start, at the time being,at the time of, at the very start, at this point(此 时),at this season,at this time of day, at times 时)表示地点:place in in a car, in a queue, in advance of (在.前面),in all the direction, in appearance, in。刀。5(在角落里)in doors, in front (of), in good light(在光线好的地方),in heaven

24、, in place(position)(在适当地位置),in place s(处处),in port(在港内),in public places, in shore(靠岸),in society, in the air(在 空中)in the bank, in the book(书的内容里),in the centre(在中心),in the countryside, in the distance (在远处那边), in the east of(在东部)in the east, in the fields, in the film,in the front rank(在前列),in the

25、 front row, in the lab, in the letter(信 的内容),in the middle of, in the moonlight, in the news*(报纸的内容里),in the open air(在户外),in the open(在野夕卜),in the picture, in the rain, in the room, in the shade of,in the sky, in the suburbs of, in the sunshine, in the tree, in the universe,in the vicinity of(在四周),

26、in the warm(在热和的地方)in the world, in(on) the bus, in(on) the street,on on board (在船上)on camera(出现在电视上),on campus, on deck(在甲板上),on earth, on high(在高处),on land, on the bank, on the beach, on the borders, on the ceiling, on the coast, on the committee, on the corner(在拐角处),on the east of(在.的东面)表示地点: on

27、the farm, on the first floor, on the football field, on the (play)ground, on the horizon, on the island, on the left/right,. on the market, on the page 12, on the railway line, on the riveon the road, on the roof, on the sea, on the shore, on the side of, on the team, on the tra(在轨道上),on the water在

28、水面上),on top of, on(in) the wall,at at a bookshop, at a distance在 远处),at that place, at the airport, at the back of,at the base of, at the bottom of, at the centre (of)在中心),at the corner at the crossroads,at the desk (在书桌旁),at the door, at the edge of, at the end of, at the foot of,at the front, at t

29、he gate, at the head of, at the meeting, at the mine在矿山),at the party, at the place, at the pub, at the rear of, at the seaside, at the station,at the stop, at the top of, at the window, at(in) the cinema, at(in) the library,at(in) the office, at(in) the village, at(on) the weekend状态state in in prog

30、ress(在进行中),in a dilemma(处于进退两难的境地),in a hurry, in a tight corner(处于困难中),in actio n(在行动中),in an emergency,(处于紧急情况中),in anxiety, in astonishment, in bad mood(心情不好),in bad temper(心情不好,生气),in bed, in blossom(bloom)(在开花),in bonds(在拘留中),in chains(在囚禁中),in charge(看管),in church, in class,表示地点:in collision(在

31、冲突中),in commission (在服役)in condition(健康情况良好),in confusion (在混乱中),in control (of), in court (出庭),in custody(拘留),in danger, in debt(负债),in deep water(s)(处于困境),in demand(有需求)in despair, in difficult, in dispute(在争论),in doubt, in employment, in exile( 在放逐),in fear and trembling(提心吊胆),in flight(飞行),in fl

32、ood, in full blossom开着花),in good condition, in good health, in high spirits,in horror, in hospital, in isolation. in love, in motion, in need (of) in operation在 运转),in order(状态良好),in panic, in peac e(平安)(at peace 和平),in peril(处于危险),in place, in power, in practice (在实践中),in preparation, in proce、(在进行

33、中),in production, in progress(前进,进行中),in pursuit(在 追赶中),in question(正 被讨 论),in rehearsal(在彩排),in retirement(退休),in retreat(在撤退)in sail(张着帆)in secret, in service, in session(在会议中),in short supply, in silence, in sorrow,in stock(有库存)in store(蕴躲着)in succession, in surprise, in suspension(悬浮中)in tear s(流着泪)in the field(在 作战),in the press(在印刷),in the red(负债),in the same boat(处境相同),in the works(在计划中),in thought, in trade, in triumph, in trouble, in use, in view(被考虑),in wonder, in work(有工作),in work, in(at) college, in(at) school, in(at) university,

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