It在强调结构中的运用

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1、“It”在强调结构中的运用 Led-inGoalsFormationQuestionFormsTellingMethodsComparisonNotesExercisesHomeworkHeadPageLook at the two sentences below.Do you know what function the word“it”in each sentence is.It isIt is a pity a pity thatthat you didnt read the book.you didnt read the book.It wasIt was in the library

2、in the library thatthat I borrowed the book.I borrowed the book.It It是形式主语，是形式主语，thatthat引导的从句是主语从句，是引导的从句是主语从句，是主句的真正主语。主句的真正主语。可惜的是你没有看过那本书。可惜的是你没有看过那本书。It It用来构成强调句，强调地点状语用来构成强调句，强调地点状语in the in the librarylibrary，thatthat导出句子的其余成份。导出句子的其余成份。那是在图书馆我借了那本书。那是在图书馆我借了那本书。目 录Today,were going to learn

3、the use of“it”for Emphasis.Learning Goals学习目标 The formation of the use of“it”for Emphasis 强调句的基本结构强调句的基本结构 The question forms of Emphasis 强调句的疑问结构强调句的疑问结构 How to tell Emphasis sentences from some other related sentences 强调句型与其它相关的句型强调句型与其它相关的句型目 录 强调句型的结构为强调句型的结构为 It is/was that/who，主要用来强调主语、宾语和状语成，

4、主要用来强调主语、宾语和状语成份，也可以强调表语和宾语补足语。被强调份，也可以强调表语和宾语补足语。被强调的部分放在的部分放在is/was的后面。如果被强调的是的后面。如果被强调的是人，则后面用人，则后面用that 或或who/；如果被强调的是；如果被强调的是物或其他情况，则一律用物或其他情况，则一律用that。如：如：强调句的基本结构强调句的基本结构目 录It was Jim who/that shot a bear yesterday.强调主语强调主语 JimIt was a bear that Jim shot yesterday.强调宾语强调宾语 a bearIt was yester

5、day that Jim shot a bear.强调时间状语强调时间状语 yesterdayIt is a doctor that he wants to be.强调表语强调表语 a doctorIt is green that they have painted the wall.强调宾语补足语强调宾语补足语 green目 录用强调句型分别强调下面句中划线部分。用强调句型分别强调下面句中划线部分。The mother dresses her baby every morning.It is the mother that/who dresses her baby every morning

6、.It is her baby that/who/the mother dresses every morning.It is every morning that the mother dresses her baby.目 录强调句的疑问句式强调句的疑问句式 强调句也有疑问句式，它的一般疑问强调句也有疑问句式，它的一般疑问句式为句式为：“Is/was It that/Is/was It that/who/?”;who/?”;特殊疑问句式为特殊疑问句式为：“特殊疑特殊疑问词问词 +Is/was it that/who/?”+Is/was it that/who/?”，特，特殊疑问词为被强调部分

7、。殊疑问词为被强调部分。目 录按要求改写下列句子。按要求改写下列句子。It was Tom who helped me last night.It was Tom who helped me last night.（改为（改为一般疑问句）一般疑问句）Was it Tom Was it Tom whowho helped you last night?helped you last night?It wasIt was Tom Tom who helped me last night.who helped me last night.（就划（就划线部分提问）线部分提问）Who was it Wh

8、o was it thatthat helped you last night?helped you last night?（注：以（注：以whowho开头的疑问句，强调人时，只能开头的疑问句，强调人时，只能用用thatthat导出句子其余成份，而不能用导出句子其余成份，而不能用whowho。）。）目 录It was Tom who helped It was Tom who helped meme last night.last night.（就划（就划线部分提问）线部分提问）Whom was it Whom was it that that Tom helped last night?To

9、m helped last night?It was Tom who helped me It was Tom who helped me last nightlast night.（就划（就划线部分提问）线部分提问）When was it When was it thatthat Tom helped you?Tom helped you?（注：以（注：以whomwhom开头的疑问句，强调人，也只能用开头的疑问句，强调人，也只能用thatthat导出句子其余成份，而不能用导出句子其余成份，而不能用who/whomwho/whom。）。）目 录学习强调句型应该注意的几个问题：学习强调句型应该注

10、意的几个问题：1.如果被强调的是句子的状语，则不可用如果被强调的是句子的状语，则不可用when,where或或because等相应的词，而必须等相应的词，而必须用用that。如：如：It was on the bus that I met her yesterday.强调地点状语强调地点状语on the bus，注意不能用注意不能用where。目 录 It was when I was in the kitchen that I heard an explosion.目 录 It was those children that I saw playing by the pond.尽管强调的是尽

11、管强调的是those children，是复数，是复数，仍然用仍然用was。It was stupid students who/that dont ask questions.尽管强调的是尽管强调的是stupid students，是复数，仍然用是复数，仍然用is。目 录.如果被强调部分是名词或代词的复数形式，如果被强调部分是名词或代词的复数形式，系动词仍然用系动词仍然用is或或was。如：。如：3.在强调主语时，在强调主语时，that/who后的谓语应与前后的谓语应与前面被强调的主语保持一致。如：面被强调的主语保持一致。如：It is you who are wrong.are与与you保

12、持一致保持一致 It is I who am wrong.am与与I 保持一致保持一致 It is Mr.Wilson who/that is the chairman.is与与Mr.Wilson 保持一致保持一致目 录 4.在强调在强调until引出的时间状语时，其句型为：引出的时间状语时，其句型为：It is not until that，一般多译成汉语一般多译成汉语的肯定句。如：的肯定句。如：It was not until 1972 that we began studying English.直到直到1972年我们才开始学习英语。年我们才开始学习英语。It was not until

13、 yesterday that I noticed it.我一直到昨天才注意到它。我一直到昨天才注意到它。目 录 When was it that the story took place?Was it when that the story took place?What is it that you have to sell?Is it what that you have to sell?5.由由since/as引导的原因状语不可以作为被强调的部分。引导的原因状语不可以作为被强调的部分。如不能说：如不能说：目 录（）（）（）（）如果将句中的如果将句中的it is/was和和that/wh

14、o去掉，看剩余去掉，看剩余的部分结构是否完整，句意是否明了，如果是，则的部分结构是否完整，句意是否明了，如果是，则为强调句型。否则就不是，如：为强调句型。否则就不是，如：判断是否为强调句的方法：判断是否为强调句的方法：It was Mary that has won the first place.将句中的将句中的it was和和that 去掉，原句变为：去掉，原句变为：Mary has won the first place.句子结构完整，表意明确，句子结构完整，表意明确，故原句为强调句。故原句为强调句。再如：再如：目 录 It is surprising that Mary should

15、have won the first place.如果将如果将it is 和和that去掉，那么原句变为去掉，那么原句变为:Mary should have won the first place surprising.这个句子不完整，所以原句不是强调这个句子不完整，所以原句不是强调句型。此句中句型。此句中it为形式主语，真正的主为形式主语，真正的主语是语是that 引导的从句。引导的从句。目 录强调句型与相关句型的辨析：强调句型与相关句型的辨析：1.强调句型与定语从句的区别强调句型与定语从句的区别1.It is high time that we went to work.该是我们上班的时候

16、了。2.It is the way that he behaves.这就是他的处事之道。3.It is the factory that produces cellphones.这家工厂是生产手机的。4.It is the man that I met yesterday.我昨天碰到的就是这个人。辩析：句1和句2只能看作定语从句，that在从句中作关系副词。句2中that可用in which替换，且可省。句3和句4多看作强调句，that在从句中不作成份，且无意义，只构成强调句。也可看作定语从句，句3中that=which充当从句主语，译为：“这就是生厂手机的那家工厂”；句4中that=who/

17、whom充当从句宾语，译为：“这就是我昨天碰到的那个人”。目 录2.强调句型与主语从句的区别强调句型与主语从句的区别1.It is the Great Wall that we are going to visit.我们要去参观的地方是长城。2.It is true that we are going to visit the Great Wall.我们真的要去参观长城。辩析：句1为强调句，强调宾语the Great Wall。如果去掉it isthat结构，该句仍然正确，意义完整。句2为主语从句，that引导的从句是句子真正主语，it是形式主语，如果去掉 it is that结构，则该句不成

18、立”。目 录2.强调句型与状语从句的区别强调句型与状语从句的区别1.It was three oclock when he finished the task.他完成任务的时候已经3点钟了。2.It was at three oclock that he finished the difficult task.他是3点钟完成任务的。辩析：句1为状语从句，when不能构成强调句，when引导的时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动作发生的时间。句2为强调句，强调的是时间状语 at three oclock。目 录Exercises I.Rewrite the sentences,emphasizing

19、the underlined part.1.In early times people traveled on foot or on horseback.It was in early times that people traveled on foot or on horseback.目 录 2.Her diligence earned her the respect of her teachers.It was her diligence that earned her the respect of her teachers.3.They were talking about the Ol

20、ympic Games.It was the Olympic Games that they were talking about.目 录 4.He left the day that I arrived.It was the day that I arrived that he left.5.The children often help their parents do the farm work.It is the children who often help their parents do the farm work.目 录6.In 1993,a tomato was develo

21、ped that was very different from any grown before.7.The biggest problem of Chinese farmers is the shortage of arable land.8.The plants grown in greenhouses are protected from the wind,rain and insects.9.Future agriculture should depend on high technology as well as traditional methods.6.In 1993,a to

22、mato was developed that was very different from any grown before.It was in 1993 that a tomato was developed that was very different from any grown before.目 录 7.The biggest problem of Chinese farmers is the shortage of arable land.It is the shortage of arable land that is the biggest problem for Chin

23、ese farmers.目 录 8.The plants grown in greenhouses are protected from the wind,rain and insects.It is the plants grown in greenhouses that are protected from the wind,rain and insects.目 录 9.Future agriculture should depend on high technology as well as traditional methods.It is high technology as wel

24、l as traditional methods that future agriculture should depend on.目 录 because,that Was it that Was it in 1939 that Why it was that Not until,that she realized What,that What it is that Not until near the end o the letter that Global warming rather than other factors Where.that It was over the city t

25、hat II.Rewrite the sentences below,emphasizing as many parts as possible.1.Henry gave George a new tie for his birthday last year.It was Henry who gave George a new tie for his birthday last year.It was to George that Henry gave a new tie for his birthday last year.目 录 It was a new tie that Henry ga

26、ve George for his birthday last year.It was last year that Henry gave George a new tie for his birthday.2.During that period of time they made three important discoveries.It was during that period of time that they made three important discoveries.目 录 It was three important discoveries that they mad

27、e during that period of time.It was they who made three important discoveries during that period of time.3.Some people in South America still practice this kind of farming.目 录 It is in South America that some people still practice this kind of farming.It is some people in South America who still pra

28、ctice this kind of farming.It is this kind of farming that some people in South America still practice.目 录 III.从从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;when 目

29、 录 2.Was it during the Second World War _ he died?A.that B.while C.in which D.then 3.It was through Jack _ Mary got to know Bob.A.who B.whom C.how D.that 目 录 4.It was _ I went there _ I began to know something about the matter.A.until;that B.not until;when C.not until;that D.not when;that目 录 5._ you

30、 have to sell?A.Is it what that B.What it is that C.What is it which D.What is it that 6.Its the third time _ I have been there.A.that B.which C.when D.whether 目 录 7.Were all five people in the car injured in the accident?No,_ only two who got hurt.A.there are B.they were C.it was D.there is 目 录 8.I

31、 cant remember _ you started to do your experiment.A.that it was when B.when it was that C.when was it that D.what it was that 目 录 9.It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply.（2005全国全国I）A.since B.when C.as D.that 10.It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.（天津天津

32、2005）A.that B.what C.which D.this 目 录 11._ that he managed to get the information?Oh,a friend of his helped him.（山东（山东2005）A.Where was it B.What was it C.How was it D.Why was it 目 录 12.Did Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.（福建（福建2005）A.before B.when C.that D.until 目 录Homework 1.Go over the use of“it”for Emphasis.2.Finish the exercises in WB on P109-P110.目 录