统计学常用词汇

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1、统计词汇统计术语TAG：教育理论Aacceptance region承受区域adjusted 校正的allocation配置、布局alternative hypothesis备择假设* analysis of variance方差分析* analysis of covariance 协方差分析ANOCOVA Analysis of covariance* ANOVAAnalysis of variancearithmetic mean算术平均值association 关联性* assumed mean 假定平均值* asymmetric distribution非对称分布autoregress

2、ive 自回归的）averages 平均量Bbar chart 条线图Bartletts test巴特利特检验* Bayes, -ian贝叶斯的、贝叶斯beta function贝塔函数between 间）内bias 偏倚biased question 有偏质问* binomial distribution 二项分布binomial theorem二项定理bioassay生物鉴定法bivariate normal distribution二元正态分布blind test 盲检法Bonferronis inequalityBonferroni 不等式bootstrap 自助法Box-Cox tr

3、ansformationBox-Cox 变换Ccanonical correlation 典型相关case control study 案例对照研究categorization 分类categorize 分类category类另 0causality 因果关系central limit theorem 中心极限定理Chebyshevs inequality 切比雪夫不等式x2-statistic x2 统计量x2-test x2 检验classification 分类cluster analysis 聚类分析coding 编码coefficient of concordance一致性系数coe

4、fficient of determination可决系数cohort 同辈mon factors 公共因子，公因数munality公因子方差、公共因子方差parison 比拟ponent 成分* conditional probability 条件概率* confidence coefficient置信系数* confidence interval 置信区间* confidence limits 置信界限* confound, -ing 混杂、混杂法* confounding design混杂设计* consumers price index消费物价指数consumers risk用方风险*

5、 contribution 基值confirmatory 确定的consistent, consistency 一致的)、一致性contingency table歹 0联表continuous distribution 连续分布controlgroup控制、控制群)convergence in probability 概率收敛convergence in law (distribution)依法那么收敛依分布收敛correction 校正、修正correction factor校正因子correction for continuity连续校正correlation 相关correlation

6、coefficient 相关系数correlation ratio 相关比correlogram 相关图covariate共变向量covariation 共变criterion variable基准变量critical region 判别区域* cross-section横截面* cross-tabulation 穿插表* cumulative frequency累积频率cumulative distribution function累积分布函数* cumulative relative frequency累积频率curvilinear 曲线的* data 数据* data analysis数

7、据分析* degree of freedom 自由度density 密度density function 密度函数* dependent variable应变数* descriptive statistics描述性统计deviate 偏差deviation偏、偏差cf. standard - , mean -)dichotomous question二分搜索法discriminant analysis判别分析discriminant function判别函数discrimination判别discrete distribution离散分布distribution 分布D.K.Dont Know

8、dose-response curve (relationship)用量反响曲线关系)double blind test二重盲检法* downward trend下降倾向drop out 脱落例Durbin-Watson statisticratioDurbin-Watson 统计量比efficient, efficiency 有效的、有效性* Engels coefficient恩格尔系数entropy 熵epidemiology 流行病学* error 误差error margin 误差幅度第1类误差第2类误差error of the first kindtype I errorerror

9、 of the second kindtype II errorerror term 误差项estimable 可估的estimate 估计量* estimation 估计estimator 估计量event 事件exact probability test直接概率法* expectation 期望* expected frequency期待度数experimental design试验设计* explanatory variable说明变量exploratory 探索的exponential distribution指数分布face sheetfactor 因子* factor analys

10、is* factor loadingsfactorial effects因子分析因子输入量系数析因效应factorial experiment 析因试验fiducial probability置信概率filter, -ing 滤子finite population有限总体Fisher information 费希尔信息* fitting 拟合fixed-effect model固定效应模型follow-up study 追跻研究force of mortality 死力fractional factorial design分步实施方案设计free-answer question 自由答复法*

11、frequency 频率* frequency distribution频率分布F statisticratio, test）F 统计量F 比、F 检验GGauss, Gaussian 高斯的）* genetic algorithm遗传算法geometric distribution几何分布geometric mean几何平均值goodness of fit拟合优度Greco-Latin square正交拉丁方Hharmonic mean调和平均hazard function故障率函数heteroscedastic, -ity 异方差性）* histogram 直方图homoscedastic

12、, -ity 同方差性）hypergeometric distribution超几何分布hypothesis 假说I* independence 独立* independent variable独立变量infinite population无限总体input 入力inspection 检查interaction 相互作用intercept 切片* interval estimation 区间推定* interval scale 间隔尺度interviewee被调查者interviewer 调查员interviewing method 面试调查法item 项JJacknife 刀切法KKapla

13、n-Meier estimate Kaplan-Meier 估计* Kendalls rank correlation coefficients肯德尔等级相关系数Kullback-Leibler information number库尔贝克-莱布勒信息函数* kurtosis 峰度Llag时间滞后large sample大样本Latin square拉丁方law of large numbers大数定律strong -, weak-:弓鱼定律、弱定律least significant difference, LSD.最低显著性差异* least square最小二乘法* level of si

14、gnificance显著水平life table 生命表likelihood 似然linear discriminant function线形判别函数local control 局部控制logistic function逻辑斯蒂函数logit analysis (transformation)分对数分析变换)log-linear model对数线性模型log-log 对数log-normal distribution 对数正态分布longitudinal 经度的，纵的loss function 损失函数MMahalanobis generalized distance Mahalanobis

15、广义距离mail survey邮送调查main effect主效应marginal 边缘的)Markov, -ian 马尔科夫的)mathematical statistics 数理统计学* maximum 最大pl. maxima)maximuim likelihood estimate (estimation)最大似然估计估计法Memars test Memar 测试* mean 平均值)* mean deviation平均偏差mean effect平均效应* median 中位数meta-analysis 元分析* minimum 最小pl. minima)missing value 缺

16、区值* mode 众数model, -ing 模型建模)moment 矩moving average 移动平均multicolinear, -ity 多重共线性)multidimensional scalingMDS) 多维换算multiple answer重复答复multiple choice 多重选择multiple parison 多重比拟* multiple correlation coefficient 多重相关系数* multiple regression多重回归multi-stage sampling多阶段抽样* multivariate analysis多变量分析Multiva

17、riate analysis of variance多元方差分析multivariate normal distribution多变量正态分布*MANOVA Multivariate analysis of variance* multiway table 多路表N* nxm table n xm 表* nominal scale额定尺度non-central 无心nonparametric非参数的normal approximation 正态近似* normal distribution正态分布normal equation正规方程null hypothesis 原假设Oobservatio

18、nal error观测误差* observed frequency观测频率observed value 观测值OC (operating characteristic) curve作用特性曲线odds 奇odds ratio 奇数比one-sided 单侧1-way layout 1元布局法open-ended question可扩大解答法optimum allocation 最正确分配法 ordered classification 顺序化* ordinal scale 序数尺度orthogonal polynomial正交多项式outlier 边际值output 输出、结果Ppaired

19、parison成比照拟法panel survey 固定样本调查parameter 系数partial confounding 局部混杂法)* partial correlation coefficient 偏相关系数Pearsons product moment correlation coefficient 皮尔逊矩相关系数percentile 百分数periodic 周期的periodogram 周期图phi coefficient e 系数pie chart 饼状图plot 点图* point estimation 点估计* Poisson distribution 泊松分布pooled

20、 variance estimate联合方差估计* population 总体population correlation coefficient 总体相关系数* population mean总体平均值* population variance总体方差posterior probability (distribution)后验概率分布)power (function) 幂(函数)pre-coding预编码predicted value 预测值* prediction 预测predictive 预测的）presentation表示、表现法）primary sampling unit 第1次抽样

21、的单位 principal ponent, - analysis主成分分析）prior probability （distribution）先验概率分布* probability 概率* probability distribution 概率分布probability proportionate sampling概率比例抽样probit analysis 概率单位分析process 过程producers risk 生产者风险projection pursuit 投影寻踪proportion 比例proportional hazard model比例风险模型prospective study远

22、景调查Qquartile 四分位数）quartile deviation四分位偏差* quality 质qualitative 定性的qualitative data 定性的数据* quantity 量quantitative定量的、计量的quota system定额系统R* radar chart 雷达图* random 随机的random-effect model 随机效应模型randomization概率化、随机化* randomness 随机性random number 随机数random sampling随机抽样random walk随机游动* range 范围区域)* rank 秩

23、* rank correlation coefficients等级相关系数ranking method秩评定法* rank-size rule秩规模规那么rank test 秩检验rating method 比率法* ratio scale比率尺度* regression回归* regression coefficient回归系数regression diagnosis回归诊断* regression equationline)回归方程直线* rejection region拒绝区域* relative frequency相对频率relative risk相对风险reliability (co

24、efficient)信赖性系数)* residual 残差response curve (surface)相应曲线曲面)retrospective study追溯调查risk 风险risk factor风险因素robust, -ness 稳健的性)* run 取遍S* sample 样本* sample mean 样本均值* sample size 样本量大小）* sample variance 样本方差* sampling 抽样sampling error抽样误差sampling interval抽样间隔sampling unit抽样单位* scales 尺度* scattergram, s

25、catter plotdiagram）点状图Scheffes test Scheffe 检验score 得分seasonality 季节性secondary sampling unit 第 2 次单位抽样serial correlation序列相关self-adminstration 自管理semi-log 半对数sigmoid 拟 S 型、S 状signal to noise ratio SN信噪）比signed rank test带符号的秩检验* significance, significant显著的）* significance probability显著概率simple random

26、 sampling简单随机抽样* simple regression简单回归single replication 1 次重复size proportionate allocation 比例布局法skewed 斜的* skewness 失真slope 斜率spectral window 谱窗spectrogram 谱图-spectrum 谱* Spearmans rank correlation coefficients斯皮尔曼等级相关系数* spurious correlation 伪相关square 平方* standard deviation, S.D.标准方差* standard err

27、or标准误差* standard score标准得分start number起始编号* stationary 平稳的* statisticfor inference) 统计量统计推论的)statistical 统计的statistically significant统计显著的stem-and-leaf presentation茎叶表现stereotype陈腔滥调stochastic process 随机过程* stratification 分层stratified sampling 分层抽样* stratumpl. strata) 层Student(s) 学生的)studentized ran

28、ge学生化范围study 研究sub-sampling 二次抽样sufficiency充分性sufficient statistic充分统计量supervisor 管理者survival analysis 生存时间分析survey 调查systematic sampling 系统抽样Ttaxonomy 分类学）tail 尾* test 检验* test of goodness of fit拟合良好性检定* test of independence无关性检验3-way layout 3元布局法threshold 阈值tie 结tie correction 结修正*time series 时间序列

29、total variation 全变差treatment 处理* trend 趋势trend analysis趋势分析trial 尝试* t-statistic, -test, -ratio t 统计量t 检验、t 比two-sided 双边的* 2-sample t-test 2 样本 t 检验2-stage sampling 2 阶段抽样法two-by-two contingency table 2x2 列联表2-way layout 2元布局法* 2-way table 2 重表two-stage sampling 2 阶段抽样法Uunbiased estimator无偏估计量unbia

30、sed variance无偏方差uncorrelated 不相关的）uniform distribution均匀分布uniform random numbers 均匀随机数uniqueness 唯一性updating 更新* upward trend向上趋向Vvalidity 有效性variate 变量* variance 方差variance ratio 方差比varimax rotationvarimax 旋度varimax solutionvarimax 解variation 变差variability 变异性Wweighted sampling力口权抽样Welchs test Welch 检验within 级)间with probability 1w.p.1) 以概率 1wording 措辞XYYates correction Yates 彳修正Z* Zipfs lawZipf 法刖J* z transformation z 变换