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1、 Http:/初三英语名师金牌讲堂 讲座系列（三） （接上讲） 比较状语：as if to do sth. 好像例：Mary opened her mouth, as if to say something/whisper a secret. （玛丽张开她的嘴，好像要说些什么、悄悄说个秘密。）类似结构：as though=as if（8）不定式作插入语to tell the truth 说实话 to be honest（老实说）to be+adj. 结构 to be frank （坦率说） to be strict （严格说）例：To be frank, he really cant fini
2、sh the assignment.（坦率的说。他不能完成这个任务。）类似的插入语形式：believe it or not（信不信由你）considering（鉴于）例：Considering his age, he should retire.（考虑到/鉴于他的年龄，他应该退休了。）judging from/by （按判断，就而言）例：Judging from/by his skin color, he must be from Africa. （按照他的皮肤判断，他一定来自非洲。）-ly speaking结构（=to be adj.结构）to be honest=honestly spea
3、king; to be frank=frankly speaking; to be strict=strictly speakingwholly speaking（总体而言）, generally speaking（一般而言）（9）不定式作合成谓语（和形容词连用）例：Im sorry to hear that.（听到这我很难过。） worried surprised afraid类似结构：be frightened + to do sth. anxious eager excitedIm glad to meet you.和Im glad to have met you 的区别：前者是你和某人
4、刚刚见面时打招呼说的话（因为你们刚刚见面），后者是你们将要道别时说的话（因为你们已经见过面）。在口语中Im glad/nice meeting you.也是可以的。（10）不定式和疑问词连用替代宾语从句（中考必考考点）句型转换：I wonder what I should do. I wonder what to do.（我想要知道我应该做什么。）区分下列结构：what to do with/how to deal with例：The class teacher didnt know what to do with/how to deal with the naughty boy. （班主任不
5、知道怎么样处理这个淘气的男孩。）两者的区别：do是及物动词，后方必须有宾语（what代替）；deal是不及物动词，不及物动词后方要加介词才能构成短语结构（how to deal with sth.结构）。四动名词：基本概念：一般式完成式主动doinghaving done被动being donehaving been done动名词的一般式表示正在进行或者一个习惯性的动作。例：Swimming is my hobby.（游泳是我的爱好。）例：The driver drove away to avoid being punished.（这个驾驶员驾车逃逸，以避免被惩罚。）动名词的完成式表示状语从
6、句中的现在完成时和过去完成时。例：As he has lived in Shanghai for so many years, he knows it very well.Having lived in Shanghai for so many years, he knows it very well.例：Having practiced spoken English for a long time, he can talk with foreigners.例：After he had finished his homework, he went outside to play basketb
7、all. Having finished his homework, he went outside to play basketball.用法：（1）动名词作主语比较：to do 结构作主语：动名词作主语直接置句首，to do常用it做形式主语。例：Its impossible to arrive here at three oclock.（在3点钟到达这里是不可能的。）例：Smoking is not allowed here.（这里禁止吸烟。）例：Its impolite to smoke in public.（在公共场合吸烟是不礼貌的。）结论：两者作主语，如果要表示抽象的概念，用动名词
8、形式；如果要表达某一个具体动作，则用不定式结构。例：Being forced to use the left hand is unpleasant/（2）动名词作表语比较：to do作表语：往往是系动词的结构（be, seem, appear+ to do sth.）注意：系动词没有被动式。例：The sound is frightening.（这个声音很令人害怕。） exciting例：The news sounds depressing disappointing（3）动名词作定语口诀：名词后方不能出现：having done, having been done 只能出现：doing, b
9、eing done例：The policeman standing at the street corner is Toms uncle. （那个站在街角的警察是汤姆的叔叔。）例：The girl listening to the music is Mary.（那个听音乐的女孩是玛丽。）例：The swimming pool being repaired is big.（那个正在修理的游泳池很大。）例：The old man being operated on is an engineer.（那个正在接受手术的老人是一个工程师。）例：The meeting being held now is very important.（这个正在进行的会议很重要。）凤凰出版传媒集团版权所有网站地址：南京市湖南路1号B座808室联系电话：025-83657815Mail：admin
初三英语名师金牌讲堂讲座系列（三）
