中英双语版常见光源结构、原理以及特性

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1、常见光源结构、原理以及特性Common source structure, principle and characteristics在照明工程中常用的光源有白炽发光的白炽灯和卤钨灯，低压气体放电的各种荧光灯和 高强气体放电的荧光高压汞灯，金属卤化物灯和高压钠灯等。In the lighting project commonly used light source have the incandescent light incandescent and halogen tungsten lamp, low-pressure gas discharge of all various kinds

2、of fluorescent lamp and high pressure gas discharge fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp, high pressure sodium lamp, metal halide lamp and.常用光源分类如下表：表1常用光源分类表n炽灯白炽发光灯一肉钙灯肉钙灯冷反射定向照明肉钙灯（泠光杯）PARJ|荧光灯低压气体放电灯紧凑型荧光灯 I氐用钠灯高.压汞灯荧光高压汞灯自镇流荧光高压汞灯常用照明光源高强气体放电灯情灯金属卤化物灯阮钠灯钠沱锢灯高压血灯长弧质灯短弧筋灯辉光放电灯宦虹灯 氤灯高压钠灯场致发光灯发光二

3、极管LED灯）场致发光折混光注：以上各类光源原则上都可以做成无极灯Note: the above types of light source in principle can be made to the electrodeless lamp1白炽灯The 1 incandescent lamp凡是根据热辐射原理工作的光源都可称为白炽灯。目前常用的白炽灯分两类， 即普通白炽灯和卤钨灯。According to the principle of thermal radiation in work can be called the incandescent lamp light source.

4、At present the common incandescent lamp is divided into two categories, namely, ordinary incandescent and halogen tungsten lamp.白炽灯靠电能将灯丝加热到白炽而发光。在灯丝发光的同时还产生大量的红外 辐射和小量的紫外辐射，它们最终以热能的形式而损失掉。显然，要想提高白 炽灯的光效，应选用高熔点材料做灯丝，并使之在尽可能高的温度下工作。Incandescent lamp by electricity filament heated to incandescence lig

5、ht. In the filament light also produces a large amount of infrared radiation and the amount of UV radiation, they eventually in the form of heat losses. Obviously, if we want to improve the incandescent lamp light effect, selection of high melting point materials do filament, and the possible high t

6、emperature operation.1.1白炽灯的结构1.1incandescent lamp structure普通白炽灯泡由钨丝、玻璃泡、灯头、支架、引线等几部分组成，内充氩、氮、 或氩氮混合气体，通常的工作压力约为1.013x105Pa，WM氮的比例由额定电压 和灯丝温度而定，通常白炽灯使用氩气在86%98%之间。Ordinary incandescent bulb composed of a tungsten filament, glass bulb, lamp, bracket, lead etc., in argon, nitrogen or argon, nitrogen

7、mixed gas, usually working pressure of about 1.013x105Pa, and argon nitrogen proportion by the rated voltage and the temperature dependent, usually the use of incandescent lamps in 86% 98% between argon.灯丝是白炽灯发光的主要部件，常用的灯丝形状有直线灯丝、单螺灯丝、双螺 旋灯丝等。灯丝的形状和尺寸大小对于白炽灯的寿命、发光效率都有直接的影 响，同样长短粗细的钨丝绕成单螺旋型的光效高。灯丝结构紧

8、凑，发光点小， 利用率就高。The filament is incandescent bulbs of the main components, common filament shape straight filament, filament single screw, double helix filament. The shape and size of the filament for incandescent lamp life, luminous efficiency has a direct impact on the same length, thickness of sing

9、le filament wound into a spiral of high light efficiency. The filament has the advantages of compact structure, light small, utilization rate is high.白炽灯类型：白炽灯泡有普泡、蘑菇泡、圆球泡、烛形泡、反射泡、节日泡和 花生米灯泡等系列产品。Incandescent type: incandescent light bulbs with Cape bubble, bubble, bubble, the ball mushroom candle-s

10、haped foam, foam reflection, bubble and peanutsholiday bulbs and other products.1.2白炽灯的色温、显色指数The 1.2 incandescent lamp s color temperature, color rendering index白炽灯的光效较低(约为1217lm/W),色温较低一般为2400-2900K,但显色 性较高，显色指数Ra高达99100。到目前为止，它是应用最广泛的一种光源。Incandescent lamp light effect is low ( about 12 17lm / W

11、), color temperature low is 2400 2900K, but the color of high color rendering index, Ra high amounts to 99 100. So far, it is the most widely used light source.2卤钨灯卤钨灯属于热辐射光源，工作原理基本上与普通白炽灯一样，在结构上有较大的 的差别。最突出的差别就是卤钨灯泡内所填充的气体含有部分卤族元素或卤化 物。Halogen tungsten lamp which belongs to the heat radiation sourc

12、e, principle of work basically and ordinary incandescent lamp, the structure has bigger difference. The most prominent is the difference between a tungsten halogen bulb filled in a gas containing halogen and halide part.卤钨灯的光效较高(约为1821lm/W)，色温较低一般为27003300K，显色性较 高，显色指数Ra高达99100。Tungsten halogen lamp

13、s have the higher light efficiency ( about 18 21lm / W ), color temperature low is 2700 3300K, color and high color rendering index, Ra high amounts to 99 100.2.1卤钨灯的结构2.1halogen tungsten lamp structure卤钨灯是由钨丝、充入卤素的玻璃泡和灯头等构成。卤钨灯有双端、单端和双泡 壳之分；Tungsten halogen lamp is composed of a tungsten filament,

14、filled with halogen glass bulb and lamp holder. Halogen tungsten lamp with two end, single side and double blister division;双端管状卤钨灯结构：灯呈现管状，功率为1002000W，灯管的直径为810mm， 长80330mm。两端采用磁接头，需要时在磁管内还装有保险丝。这种灯主要用 于室内外泛光照明；Two ends of the tubular halogen tungsten lamp structure: the lamp presents tubular, powe

15、r of 100 2000W, tube diameter is 8 10mm,80 330mm. Two ends of magnetic couplings, required in a magnetic tube is also provided with a fuse. Thelamp is mainly used for indoor and outdoor floodlights;为了使管壁处生成的卤化物处于气态，管壁温度要比普通白炽灯高得多，相应地 卤钨灯的玻壳尺寸就要小得多，温度也就高得多，因而必须使用耐高温的石英玻 璃或高硅氧玻璃。In order to make the p

16、ipe wall is generated halide in the gaseous state, tube wall temperature is much higher than ordinary incandescent lamp, tungsten halogen lamp shell corresponding size is much smaller, the temperature is much higher, so we must use high temperature resistant quartz glass or borosilicate glass.2.2卤钨灯

17、的分类2.2halogen tungsten lamp classification(1) 卤钨灯按充入灯泡内的不同卤素可为碘钨灯和漠钨灯；(1) halogen tungsten lamp bulb by filling different for iodine-tungsten lamp and halogen tungsten lamp;(2) 卤钨灯按灯泡外壳材料的不同可分为硬质玻璃卤钨灯、石英玻璃卤钨灯；(2) halogen tungsten lamp bulb shell by different materials can be divided into hard glass

18、halogen tungsten lamp, quartz halogen tungsten lamp;(3) 卤钨灯按工作电压的高低不同可分为市电卤钨灯(220V)和低电压型卤钨 灯(6V、 12V、 24V)；(3) tungsten halogen lamp according to the working voltage can be divided into different electric tungsten halogen lamp (220V ) and low voltage tungsten halogen lamps (6V,12V,24V );(4) 卤钨灯按灯头结构

19、的不同可分为双端、单端卤钨灯；(4) tungsten halogen lamp in the lamp holder structure can be divided into two terminal, single end halogen tungsten lamp;2.3卤钨灯的工作原理The working principle of2.3halogen tungsten lamp当充入卤素物质的灯泡通电工作时，从灯丝蒸发出来的钨，在灯泡壁区域内与卤 素化合，形成一种挥发性的卤钨化合物。卤钨化合物在灯泡中扩散运动，当扩散 到较热的灯丝周围区域时，卤钨化合物分解成卤素和钨，释放出来的钨沉

20、积在灯 丝上，而卤素再继续扩散到其温度较低的灯泡壁区域与钨化合，形成卤钨循环。When filled with halogen bulb is energized when the material, from the tungsten filament evaporation, the bulb wall area and halogen compounds, form a kind of volatile halogen compounds. Tungsten halogen compounds in light diffusive motion, when the diffusion t

21、o a hot filament around the area, tungsten halogen compounds are decomposed into halogen and tungsten, released from the tungsten is deposited in the filament, and halogen continue to spread to the lower the temperature bulb wall area and tungsten compounds, forming a tungsten halogen cycle.卤钨循环有效地抑

22、制了钨的蒸发，所以可以延长卤钨灯的使用寿命，同时可以进 一步提高灯丝温度，获得较高的光效，并减少了使用过程中的光通量的衰减。Tungsten halogen cycle effectively suppressed the tungsten evaporation, so it can prolong the service life of the tungsten halogen lamp, and can further improve the filament temperature, high light efficiency, and reducing the use of the

23、process of luminous flux attenuation.2.4卤钨灯的工作特性2.4halogen tungsten lamp operating characteristics2.4.1色表和显色性2.4.1color map and color卤钨灯属低色温光源，其色温一般在28003200K之间，与普通白炽灯相比，光 色度的一些，色调更冷一些，但显色性较好，显色指数Ra=100；Halogen tungsten lamp belongs to low color temperature light source color temperature, general280

24、0 3200K, compared with ordinary incandescent lamp, light color, hue is more cold, but the color is good, the color rendering index Ra = 100;2.4.2卤钨灯的应用The application of2.4.2halogen tungsten lamp卤钨灯在使用时应注意以下问题：为了使在灯泡壁生成的卤化物处于气态，卤钨 灯不适用于低温场合。双端卤钨灯工作时，灯管应水平安装，其倾斜角度不得超 过40，否则会缩短其使用寿命。Tungsten halogen l

25、amps in use should note the following problem: in order to make the bulb wall generated halide in the gaseous state, tungsten halogen lamp is not suitable for low temperature applications. Double-end halogen tungsten lamp when working, lamp should be installed horizontally, and the inclined angle of

26、 not more than 40, otherwise it will shorten the service life.由于卤钨灯工作时产生高温(管壁温度600D，因此，卤钨灯附近不准放易燃 物质，且灯脚引入线应用耐高温的导线。另外，由于卤钨灯灯丝细长又脆，卤钨 灯使用时，要避免震动和撞击，也不宜作为移动照明灯具。As a result of halogen tungsten lamp work produces high temperature (temperature of the tube wall of 600 DEG C ), therefore, tungsten haloge

27、n lamps are placed near flammable substances, and the lamp foot into the application of high temperature resistant wire line. In addition, the halogen tungsten lamp filament thin and crisp, tungsten halogen lamp is used, to avoid vibration and impact, is not as mobile lighting.3荧光灯The 3 fluorescent

28、lamp荧光灯与白炽灯的发光原理完全不同，荧光灯是一种低压气体放电灯。所谓气体 放电就是指电流通过气体媒介时的放电现象。气体放电现象是非常普遍的，例如 厦日雷雨时的闪电，使用电焊机时产生很强的光等都是气体放电现象。Fluorescent lamp and incandescent lamp light principle is completely different, the fluorescent lamp is a gas discharge lamp. The so-called gas discharge refers to the current through the gas m

29、edium in the discharge phenomenon. Gas discharge phenomenon is very common, for example, during a thunderstorm and lightning, when using electric welding machine to produce strong light is a gas discharge phenomenon.最先把气体放电用于照明的是使用炭精棒通电产生的碳弧灯，这种放电不易控 制，后来人们对气体放电从本质上有了深入认识。于1936年成功地实现了在密 闭管内的放电，从而产生荧

30、光灯。到目前为止，荧光灯工业已经形成一项庞大的 工业体系，产品种类很多，仍在不断的发展之中，荧光灯已成为主要的照明光源。The first gas discharge used for lighting is the use of carbon rod is energized to produce carbon arc lamp, the discharge is not easy to control, and later people of gas discharge from a deeper understanding of nature. In 1936 successfully

31、realized in confined inside the discharge tube, thereby producing a fluorescent lamp. So far, the fluorescent lamp industry has formed a huge industry system, product type are many, is still in constant development, the fluorescent lamp has become the main source of illumination.3.1荧光灯的发光原理The 3.1 f

32、luorescent lamp light-emitting principle荧光灯的常用荧光粉是卤磷酸钙；一种低压汞蒸气体放电灯。灯管内水银蒸气的 原子在放电时激发出253.7 nm紫外线。紫外辐射被管壁上的荧光粉吸收，转变 成可见光。转换效率和灯的颜色主要取决于荧光粉的种类和性质。Fluorescent light fluorescent powder is commonly used halogen calcium phosphate; a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp. Inside the lamp mercury vapor

33、atom at the time of discharge excitation of253.7 nm ultraviolet. Ultraviolet radiation is the phosphor on the tube wall absorption, converted into visible light. The conversion efficiency and light color depends on the kinds and properties of fluorescent powder.3.2荧光灯的光电特征3.2photoelectric characteri

34、stics of fluorescent lamp3.2.1电压特性3.2.1voltage characteristics电源电压的变化，会引起各种特性的变化。无论电压过高或过低，都会缩短灯的 寿命，因为电源电压增高，使灯电流增大，灯管会黑化，寿命缩短；而电源电压 降低，电极温度降低，灯不易启动，促使电极物质溅散，也使寿命缩短，所以要 求电源电压的波动范围必须为额定值的6以内，同时灯用镇流器的选择和匹配 也非常重要。The variation of the supply voltage, will cause the various characteristics of the change

35、s. Regardless of the voltage too high or too low, will shorten theservice life of the lamp, because the power supply voltage is increased, so that the lamp current increases, the lamp will be black, shortened life expectancy; and reduced supply voltage, electrode temperature decreases, the lamp is n

36、ot easy to start, prompted the electrode material is sprayed, also make a shortened life span, so the requirements of power supply voltage fluctuation range must be rated value +6, at the same time, lamp ballasts, selection and matching is very important.3.2.2荧光灯的工作特性The 3.2.2fluorescent lamp operat

37、ing characteristics随着点灯时间的延长，荧光粉会老化，同时由于管内残留不纯气体的作用，也会 使荧光粉黑化，并且由于电极物质的发溅，会造成管端黑化，玻璃的析钠黑化等 都使荧光灯的光通量下降。一般在最初100h下降很快，以后就比较缓慢，总光 通量下降到初始光通量的70%以下(高显色性的荧光灯下降到60%以下)的点灯 时间定义为灯的寿命。As the lighting time prolonging, the fluorescence powder can aging, at the same time as the tube residue of impure gas effec

38、t, also can make the fluorescent powder blackening, and because the electrode material of splash, will cause thepipe ends blackening, glass and so on sodium type fluorescent lamp luminous flux decline. Generally in the initial100h decreased very fast, then slow, the total luminous flux decreased to

39、below 70% of the initial flux ( high color fluorescent lamp dropped to below 60% ) lighting time is defined as the lamp life.荧光灯的电压升高时，工作电流增大，电极温度升高，会引起电极和灯管过热， 从而使阴仍物质蒸发加快、管子迅速变黑，导致寿命降低。如果电压过低，荧光 灯启支困难，启辉器工作次数增加，会加剧阴极物质的溅射，也会使寿命缩短。Fluorescent lamp voltage rises, the increase of the operating curren

40、t, electrode temperature, can cause overheating and tube electrode, thereby enabling the Yin material evaporation speed, pipe still rapidly darkening, leads to the decrease of life. If the voltage is too low, the fluorescent lamp to start a difficult, the starter working times increase, will increas

41、e the sputtering cathode material, also can make the life shortening.3.2.3环境温度对荧光灯的影响3.2.3ambient temperature on the effects of fluorescent light灯的工作特性，还取决于管内汞的蒸汽压，因此也受环境温度影响，当温度过低 时，汞蒸汽压力下降，汞原子电离率下降，启动困难，同时紫外线的辐射减少。 当环境温度过高，管内汞蒸气压力增高，紫外线反而减少，其他谱线增加。因此， 环境温度过低和过高都会影响荧光灯的发光效率。荧光灯不宜用在户外。Lamp operating

42、 characteristics, but also depends on the tube mercury vapor pressure, therefore also affected by environment temperature, when the temperature is too low, mercury vapor pressure drop, mercury atomic ionization rate, difficult starting, and ultraviolet radiation reduction. When the ambient temperatu

43、re is too high, tube mercury vapor pressure, ultraviolet decrease instead, other spectral line increase. Therefore, the environment temperature is too high and too low will affect the fluorescent lamp luminous efficiency. Fluorescent lamp should not be used in outdoor.3.2.4开关次数对寿命的影响3.2.4switching f

44、requency effect on life荧光灯频繁启动会大大消耗阴极物质，从而使寿命降低。通常，荧光灯寿命是指 每开一次点燃3h的总使用时间。连续工作时间越长，寿命越长，因此，在频繁 开关灯具的场所不宜使用荧光灯。Fluorescent lamp started will greatly consumed cathode material, so that the decrease of life. Usually, the life of the fluorescent lamp is that each hold a Kindle 3H total usage time. Conti

45、nuous working time is longer, longer life expectancy, therefore, the frequent switch lighting places is the use of fluorescent lamp.3.2.5各种荧光灯的光度和色度特性3.2.5all various kinds of fluorescent lamp and colorimetric characteristics在一般照明光源中，根据荧光灯的光色特性分类，可分为日光色、高显色性、三 基色、冷白色和暖白色等；In the general lighting sou

46、rce, according to the fluorescent lamp color characteristics classification, can be divided into daylight color, high color, three color, cool white and warm white;目前生产的照明用各种荧光灯的特性如下表:表1各种荧光灯的特性荧光灯名 称功率（w）色温（k）显 色 指 数 （Ra ）初始 光通（1m）长度（mm）额定寿命（h）T基 色270529501834008513506001500040006300362700295034006

47、30085335012001500027002900588552001500150003400630095989527009830009512134000230098.650009565009895989598952700983000954000985000956500989598环形222700640010505000732270068017500004003.3荧光灯的发展前景The 3.3 fluorescent lamp development prospect荧光灯的发展前景相当迅速，灯管和控制电路的改进使灯管的光效从1940年的 35lm/W发展到现在的100Lm/W左右，灯管寿命

48、从2000h到现在的15000h。三基 色荧光粉的出现增加了灯管的交效，改善了灯管的流明维持特性，并大大提高了 荧光灯的显色性。涂敷多光谱带荧光粉的荧光灯有极高的显色性(Ra达到90以 上)和高光效，它已经取代了较老式的灯管。Fluorescent lamp tube and the prospects for development is quite rapid, improvement of control circuit of the lamp light effect from the 194035lm / W now to the development of the100Lm /

49、W left and right sides, the service life of the lamp from 2000h to15000h now. Three color phosphor increases lamp effect pay, improve the lamp lumen maintenance characteristics, and greatly improve the color rendering properties of fluorescent lamp.Applying multi band phosphor fluorescent lamp with

50、high color rendering (Ra 90) and high Guangxiao, it has replaced the older tube.现在有的荧光灯有涂敷荧光粉之前，先在灯管内壁涂一层保护膜，这层保护膜可 以阻止玻璃管内的钠元素扩散到荧光粉中，从而显著地改善了灯的流明维持特 性，同时保护膜还能反射紫外线，从而有利于减少荧光粉用量。保护膜还可以很 显著地减少每根荧光灯内需要的汞量，像T5直管荧光灯的汞注入量仅为3mg。Now some fluorescent lamp is coated with fluorescent powder before, first in

51、the inner wall of the lamp tube is coated with a layer of protective film, the protective film can prevent the glass tube sodium diffusion into the fluorescent powder, thereby remarkably improving the lamp lumen maintenance characteristics, while protecting the membrane can reflect ultraviolet light

52、, which is conducive to reducing the fluorescent powder.The protective film can also significantly reduce each fluorescent lamp inside need the amount of mercury, like the T5 straight tube fluorescent lamp mercury injection amount is only 3mg.4高强度气体放电灯4 high intensity gas discharge lamp4.1荧光高压汞灯的光电特

53、征 4.1 fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp photoelectric characteristics 荧光灯以外的气体放电灯都属于第三代光源。荧光灯中汞蒸气压力极小，不足1 托，因此是一种低压汞灯。目前讨论的光源其汞蒸气的压力将是荧光灯汞蒸气压 力的数千倍，甚至更高，因此称为高压汞灯。Fluorescent lamp outside the gas discharge lamp belongs to the third generation light source. Fluorescent lamp mercury vapor pressure

54、 is small, less than 1support, there is a low pressure mercury lamp. At present, discusses the source of its vapor pressure of Mercury will be fluorescent lamp mercury vapor pressure of several thousands of times, or even higher, so called high pressure mercury lamp.光效可达3253Lm/w，寿命也较长，一般5000h以上。Ligh

55、t efficiency can reach 32 53Lm / W, life is relatively long, generally more than 5000h.4.1.1结构及发光原理：The 4.1.1structure and the luminescent principle:结构：高压汞灯的核心部件是放电管。放电管由耐高温的石英玻璃制成，管内抽 真空后充入氩和汞，两端装有钨丝主电极，电极上涂上钡、锶、钙的金属氧化物 作为电子发射物质，在放电管的一端还装有辅助电极，与同端的电极非常接近。Structure: the high pressure mercury lamp is

56、 the core component of the discharge tube. Discharge tube made of high temperature resistant quartz glass tube, vacuum filling argon and mercury, whose two ends are provided with a tungsten electrode, electrode coated with barium, strontium, calcium metal oxide as an electron emission material, in o

57、ne end of the discharge tube is also fitted with an auxiliary electrode, and the electrode is very close to the same end.发光原理：利用汞放电时产生的高气压，而获得高的可见光发光效率；Luminous principle: the use of mercury discharge generated when the high pressure, and high visible light emitting efficiency;接通电源，两端电极发生放电，产生电子和离子，

58、从而引发两个主电极的放电。 但开始的放电只是在氩气中进行，产生的是白色的光。随着放电时间增长，放电 管内温度不断提高，汞蒸气的压力也逐渐上升，于是放电也逐渐转移到在汞蒸气 中进行，发出的光也渐渐由白色变为更亮的蓝绿色。The power supply is switched on, the two electrodes discharge occurs, producing electrons and ions, causing a two main electrode discharge. But the starting discharge only in argon gas, produ

59、ced by the white light. As the discharge time of growth, a discharge tube temperature rising, the mercury vapor pressure is increasing gradually, so the discharge also gradually shifted to the mercury vapor in, light has gradually turned from white to light blue green.4.1.2高压汞灯的启动与再启动4.1.2high press

60、ure mercury lamp start-up and restart将灯电压后，立即在主电极和辅助电极间产生辉光放电。瞬时，即时，即转移到 主电极间，形成弧光放电。由于放电热量，汞徐徐放电，几分钟后，全部蒸发并 达到稳定状态，将达稳定状态的时间叫启动时间。The lamp voltage, immediately after the main electrodes and the auxiliary electrodes generated glow discharge. Instantaneous, instant, is transferred to the main electro

61、de, the formation of arc discharge. Due to discharge heat slowly, mercury discharge, after a few minutes, evaporates and reaches a steady state, will reach steady state time name start time.当荧光高压汞灯熄灭后，必须等到管冷却，汞蒸气压降下来，才能再点燃，将再 点燃时间称再启动时间，一般10min以下。如果施加高压脉冲，即使在高温下， 汞蒸气压高的情况下，也能再启动，此时称为热启动。When the hig

62、h pressure mercury fluorescent lamp is extinguished, must wait until the pipe cooling, mercury vapor pressure drop down, can ignite, will ignite time known starting time, general10min. If the applied voltage pulse, even at high temperatures, the mercury vapor pressure is high, can start again, this

63、time called hot start.4.2金属卤化物灯(金卤灯)的光电特征The 4.2 metal halide lamp ( MHL ) photoelectric characteristics在发光管中，除与荧光高压汞灯一样充填汞和稀有气体外，还充填发光的金属卤 化物(以碘化物为主)。将发光金属制成卤化物的灯，称金属卤化物灯；In the light emitting tube, with the exception of the fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp as the filling of mercury and a rar

64、e gas, also filling light-emitting metal halide ( mainly to iodide ). Metal halide lamp will light, said metal halide lamp;金卤灯显色指数较高，在大功率的情况下，其光效可达100lm/W。Metal halide lamp colorindex is higher, in the big power situation, the light efficiency can reach 100lm / W.4.2.1金属卤化物灯的结构The 4.2.1 metal halide lamp structure金属卤化物灯结构与高压汞灯类似，发光管采用石英玻璃，玻壳设计小型化，可 提高管壁的工作温度。为了控制最冷温度，在管端涂上保温膜。Metal halide lamp structure with high pressure mercury lamp, led by quartz glass, glass design miniaturizatio