Oracle11g-DataGuard配置方案

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1、Oracle Data Guard实施与维护方案1. 项目背景介绍在2台RedHat5.4上使用ORACLE 的DataGuard组件实现容灾。设备配置(VMWare虚拟机环境)清单如下：主机型号数据实例配置数据库版本RedHat 5.4(32位)ORCLCPU：1MEM：2GOracle 11gR2 11.2.0.1RedHat 5.4(32位)ORCLCPU：1MEM：2GOracle 11gR2 11.2.0.12. Oracle DataGuard 介绍备用数据库（standby database）是ORACLE 推出的一种高可用性(HIGH AVAILABLE)数据库方案，在主节点与

2、备用节点间通过日志同步来保证数据的同步，备用节点作为主节点的备份，可以实现快速切换与灾难性恢复。 l STANDBY DATABASE的类型：有两种类型的STANDBY：物理STANDBY和逻辑STANDBY两种类型的工作原理可通过如下图来说明：physical standby提供与主数据库完全一样的拷贝（块到块），数据库SCHEMA，包括索引都是一样的。它是可以直接应用REDO实现同步的。logical standby则不是这样，在logical standby中，逻辑信息是相同的，但物理组织和数据结构可以不同，它和主库保持同步的方法是将接收的REDO转换成SQL语句，然后在STANDBY上

3、执行SQL语句。逻辑STANDBY除灾难恢复外还有其它用途，比如用于用户进行查询和报表，但其数据库用户相关对象均需要有主键。 本次实施将选择物理STANDBY(physical standby)方式l 对主库的保护模式可以有以下三种模式： Maximum protection (最高保护）Maximum availability （最高可用性）Maximum performance (最高性能）三种保护模式区别如下：保护模式数据丢失保护重做传输最高保护零数据丢失双重故障保护LGWR SYNC 将重做同步传输至两个站点，网络中断会导致主Database宕机最高可用性零数据丢失单重故障保护LGWR

4、 SYNC 重做同步传输最高性能最少的数据丢失LGWR ASYNC 或 ARCH 重做异步传输 基于项目应用的特征及需求，本项目比较适合采用Maximum availability （最高可用性）模式实施。3. Dataguard 实施前提条件和注意事项：l 灾备环境中的所有节点必须安装相同的操作系统，尽可能令详细补丁也保持相同。 l 灾备环境中的所有节点必须安装完全相同版本的Oracle数据库软件，包括版本号和发布号，比如必须都是Oracle 11.2.0.1 l 主库必须处于归档（ARCHIVELOG）模式。 l 灾备环境中所有节点的硬件和操作系统架构必须相同 l 主库可以是单实例，也可以

5、是RAC。 l 主节点和备用节点之间的硬件配置可以不同，比如CPU数量，内存数量，存储的配置等等。 l 配置灾备环境的数据库用户必须具有SYSDBA权限。4. Oracle软件安装1. 要实施DataGurad的前，需要在主机RedHat-Primary和备机RedHat-Standby上进行ORACLE软件的基础安装。2. 备机基础软件的安装有两种方式供选择：1） 源始安装介质安装采用ORACLE数据库安装介质进行软件安装。2） “克隆”主站源数据库分别对主站源数据库进行tar压缩并FTP/rcp至备机上，然后展开压缩文件。 通常出于便捷的原因，备机的Oracle初始建立可采用上述的第二种方

6、式。测试环境中直接对虚拟机进行了拷贝，因此相当于采用了第二种方式。现场环境下，如果主节点不是RAC环境，也可以采用第二种方式。4.1 环境配置RedHat5-Primary (primary , IP 192.168.204.131)以下简称主库Single Instance Primary 说明IP192.168.204.131Oracle单实例InstanceORCLData，Control File，Redo File$ORACLE_BASE/oradataRedHat5-Standby (standby, IP 192.168.204.132) ,以下简称从库。Single Insta

7、nce Standby 说明IP192.168.204.132Oracle单实例InstanceORCLData，Control File，Redo File$ORACLE_BASE/oradata4.2 系统硬件环境检查4.2.1 检查内存相关项检查服务器的内存，可以通过下列命令：rootlocalhost # grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo另外与内存相关的swap 交换分区的设置也很重要，通常有下列的规则：实际内存 建议swap 交换空间大小- -1G-2G 1.5 倍于内存2G-16G 与内存相同超过16G 设置为16G 即可查看当前服务器swap 交换分区大小，

8、可以通过下列命令：rootlocalhost # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo查看系统当前共享内存，可以通过df 命令，例如：rootlocalhost # df -h /dev/shm4.2.2 查看系统架构本步用来查看处理器的架构类型，需要确认ORACLE 安装包与处理器架构相符，不然安装时必然报错。查看当前系统的处理器架构可以通过下列命令：rootlocalhost # uname mi6864.2.3 检查磁盘空闲空间首先/tmp 至少要有1g 的空闲空间，查看/tmp 的磁盘空间，也可以通过df 命令查看，例如：rootlocalhost # df -h

9、/tmp在执行安装之前，建议执行df -h 命令，查看当前是否有充裕的空闲空间来安装和创建数据库。rootjssnode1 # df h4.3 安装操作系统软件包 l (32位 RedHat5.4)binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3elfutils-libelf-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125gcc-4.1.2gcc-c+-4.1.2glibc-2.5-24glibc-common-2.5glibc-devel-2.5ksh-2006021

10、4libaio-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106libgcc-4.1.2libgomp-4.1.2libstdc+-4.1.2libstdc+-devel-4.1.2make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2查看软件包是否已经安装：rootlocalhost # rpm -aq binutils compat-libstdc+-33rootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep elfutils-libelfrootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep gccrootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep glibcrootl

11、ocalhost # rpm -aq | grep kshrootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep libaiorootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep libgccrootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep libgomprootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep libstdc+rootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep make-3rootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep sysstatrootlocalhost # rpm -aq | grep unixODBC通过以上命令

12、来查看是否有未安装的软件包，可将未安装的软件包放到/rpm下，因有些包会相互依赖，最简单的方式是将rpm包下的软件包一起安装：rootlocalhost #cd rpmrootlocalhost rpm#pwd/root/rpmrootlocalhost rpm#lscompat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpmelfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpmelfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpmgcc-4.1.2-46.el5.i386.rpmgcc-c+-4.1.2-4

13、6.el5.i386.rpmglibc-devel-2.5-42.i386.rpmglibc-headers-2.5-42.i386.rpmkernel-headers-2.6.18-164.el5.i386.rpmlibaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpmlibgomp-4.4.0-6.el5.i386.rpmlibstdc+-devel-4.1.2-46.el5.i386.rpmsysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpmunixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpmunixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpmrootl

14、ocalhost rpm#rpm Uvh *l 64位需安装的操作系统软件包binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)elfutils-libelf-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125gcc-4.1.2gcc-c+-4.1.2glibc-2.5-24glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit)glibc-common-2.5glibc-devel-2.5glibc-devel-2.5 (32 bit)glibc-headers-2.5ksh-2006021

15、4libaio-0.3.106libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)libaio-devel-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit)libgcc-4.1.2libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc+-4.1.2libstdc+-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc+-devel 4.1.2make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2unixODBC-2.2.11unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)unixODBC-devel-2.2.11unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)4.4 修改内核参数下

16、列将要进行配置的核心参数均拥有默认值(或者说最小值)，需要对其进行配置的原因，是为了获得更好了性能，因此对于产品服务器来说，务必根据实际情况进行配置，不适当的值反倒可能适得其反。使用vi 命令编辑/etc/sysctl.conf 文件，例如：rootlocalhost # vi /etc/sysctl.conf将下列内容加入该文件：fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 3200

17、0 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586注意，某些参数可能已经存在于该文件，注意修改参数值即可。这里各参数所指定的值仅供参考，请根据实际情况进行修改，一般来说只需要对kernel.shmmax 这个参数的参数值进行修改即可，该参数建议修改为物理内存的一半(以字节为单位)。编辑完之后存盘退出，然后运行下列命令重新

18、加载并验证参数是否正确：rootjssnode1 # sysctl -p4.5 修改系统时间修改主机与备机的系统时间一致4.6 创建用户和组及安装目录并配置环境变量创建用户和组：rootlocalhost # groupadd oinstallrootlocalhost #groupadd dbarootlocalhost #useradd -g oinstall -G dba oraclerootlocalhost #passwd oracle验证nobody用户：rootlocalhost #id nobody创建Oracle的安装目录：注: (因虚拟机环境安装Linux时没有手动分区，导

19、致挂载点” /”空间不足，所以将oracle安装到了/home/db下,现场环境下Oracle应安装到/opt或单独分区)rootlocalhost # cd /homerootlocalhost home#mkdir db改变文件系统/home/db的所有者为oracle，以便将Oracle安装到此目录rootlocalhost home#chown oracle:oinstall db切换到oracle用户，修改.bash_profileoraclelocalhost $ vi .bash_profile# .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functi

20、onsif -f /.bashrc ; then . /.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programsORACLE_SID=orcl ORACLE_BASE=/home/db/oracle ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.6.18export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKumask 022PATH

21、=$PATH:/$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin export PATH4.7 安装Oracle数据库本节略5. 配置DataGuard过程5.1 备注“SQL”：表示在sqlplus环境下执行，通常是以sysdba身份登录来执行命令“$”或” oraclelocalhost $”：表示在命令行中执行的命令5.2 判断DataGuard是否安装SQLselect * from v$option where parameter = Oracle Data Guard;5.3 网络配置192.168.204.131（orcl）-192.168.204.132(orcldg)5.

22、4 监听配置l 主库oraclelocalhost $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/adminoraclelocalhost admin$ vi listener.oraLISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.204.131)(PORT = 1521) ) )SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl) (SID_NAME = orcl) (ORACL

23、E_HOME = /home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) ) ) 注意：SID_LIST_LISTENER 配置的是静态注册，如果没有该参数，而且Data Guard 启动顺序又不正确，那么在主库可能会报 PINGARC1: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby orcl_st. Error is 12514. 错误，导致归档无法完成。oraclelocalhost admin$ vi tnsnames.oraORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOC

24、OL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.204.131)(PORT = 1521) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )ORCLDG = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.204.132)(PORT = 1521) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcldg) ) )l 备库oraclelocalhost admin$ vi listener.oraLISTENER = (DESCRI

25、PTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.204.132)(PORT = 1521) ) ) )SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcldg) (SID_NAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) ) ) oraclelocalhost admin$ vi tnsnames.oraORCL = (DESCRIPTION =

26、 (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.204.131)(PORT = 1521) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )ORCLDG = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.204.132)(PORT = 1521) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcldg) ) )5.5 主库前期准备设置强制写日志SQL sele

27、ct FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;NOSQL alter database force logging;SQL select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;YES5.6 创建口令文件并将文件传输到备库在主库上创建密码文件，并将文件传到备库的相关位置oraclelocalhost dbs$ pwd/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbsoraclelocalhost bin$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=oracleoraclel

28、ocalhost bin$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/oraclelocalhost dbs$ ls缺省情况下，win下口令文件的格式是pwdsid.ora，unix下的格式是orapwSID(大小写敏感）传送文件：oraclelocalhost dbs$scp -cp orapworcl oracle192.168.204.132:/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbsorapworcl 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00oraclelocalhost dbs$5.7 创建备份库需要的控制文件并传输到备库创建控制文件SQLsh

29、utdown immediateSQLstartup mount; SQLalter database create standby controlfile as /tmp/stdby_control01.ctl; SQLalter database open;$scp -rp /tmp/stdby_control01.ctl oracle192.168.204.132:/home/db/oracle/oradata/ORCL/controlfile/$scp -rp /tmp/stdby_control01.ctl oracle192.168.204.132:/home/db/oracle/

30、flash_recovery_area/ORCL/controlfile/-手工复制几份(未执行)$ cd /tmp/$ cp sdtby_control01.ctl stdby_control02.ctl$ cp sdtby_control01.ctl stdby_control03.ctl-5.8 修改主库初始化参数 创建主库pfile sql create pfile from spfile;修改pfileoraclelocalhost dbs$vi initorcl.ora*.db_unique_name=orcl*.log_archive_config=dg_config=(orcl

31、,orcldg) *.log_archive_dest_1=location=/home/db/oracle/oradata/ORCL/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl *.log_archive_dest_2=service=orcldg lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcldg *.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable *.log_archive_dest_state_

32、2=defer *.log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.arc *.fal_server=orcldg*.fal_client=orcl*.standby_file_management=autopfile 拷贝到备库上oraclelocalhost dbs$scp rp /home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora oracle192.168.204.132:/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/创建主库spfileSQLShutdown immediateSQLstar

33、tup pfile=/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.oraSQL create spfile from pfile=/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora;SQL shutdown immediate;SQL startup5.9 修改数据库运行在归档模式下SQL SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; SQL STARTUP MOUNT; SQL ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG; SQL ALTER DATABASE OPEN;5.10 备份

34、生产数据库$scp -rp /home/db/oracle/oradata/ORCL oracle192.168.204.132:/home/db/oracle/oradata/$scp rp /home/db/oracle/admin/orcl oracle192.168.204.132:/home/db/oracle/admin5.11 修改备库pfileoraclelocalhost dbs$vi initorcl.ora*.db_unique_name=orcldg*.log_archive_config=dg_config=(orcldg,orcl) *.log_archive_de

35、st_1=location=/home/db/oracle/oradata/ORCL/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcldg *.log_archive_dest_2=service=orcl lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl *.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable *.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable *.log_archive_form

36、at=%t_%s_%r.arc *.fal_server=orcl*.fal_client=orcldg*.standby_file_management=auto*.control_files=/home/db/oracle/oradata/ORCL/controlfile/stdby_control01.ctl,/home/db/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/controlfile/stdby_control01.ctl5.12 在备库上创建spfile sqlshutdown immediatesqlcreate spfile from pfile;5.

37、13 启动物理备用数据库SQLstartup nomountSQLalter database mount standby database;5.14 配置Standby Redo Log在两边都配置standby redo log在主库查看日志组的数量和每个日志文件的大小SQL SELECT GROUP#, BYTES FROM V$LOG;在备库库查看日志组的数量和每个日志文件的大小SQL SELECT GROUP#, BYTES FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;在主备库创建日志组和redo log文件SQL ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE gr

38、oup 4(/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/slog4.rdo) SIZE 50M; SQL ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE group 5 (/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/slog5.rdo) SIZE 50M;SQLALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE group 6 (/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/slog6.rdo) SIZE 50M;SQLALTER DATABASE

39、ADD STANDBY LOGFILE group 7(/home/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/slog7.rdo) SIZE 50M;备注：删除日志组redo log文件的方法SQLALTER DATABASE DROP STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP N;(N代表数字)5.15 Start Redo Apply在主数据库上设置DataGuard的保护模式.把主数据库启动到mount状态设置好DataGuard的保护模式.SQLalter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=ENABLE scope=bo

40、th;SQLshutdown immediate;SQLstartup mount;SQLalter database set standby database to maximize availability;SQLalter database open;在备用数据库上启动日志传输#实时应用日志SQLalter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; 查看哪些归档日志被APPLY了SQLselect sequence#,applied from v$arc

41、hived_log order by sequence#;在主库强制日志切换到当前的online redo log file.SQLalter system archive log current;在备库查看新的被归档的redo dataSQL SELECT SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;在备库查看接收到的被应用的redoSQL select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log order by sequence#;查看数据库的角色SQLse

42、lect database_role,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;在主库查看日志传送情况SQL Select dest_name,status,error from v$archive_dest;DEST_NAME STATUS ERROR- - -LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 VALIDLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 VALID31 rows selected.两个节点都正常。 验证同步情况在主库切换日志：SQL alter system switch logfile;System altered.SQL s

43、elect sequence# from v$archived_log;SEQUENCE#- 15 16SQL alter system switch logfile;System altered.SQL select sequence# from v$archived_log;SEQUENCE#- 17 18在备库进行验证：SQL select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log; SEQUENCE# APP- - 13 YES 4 NO 14 YES 15 YES 16 YES 18 NO 16 YES 17 YES 18 YES 19 YES同步成

44、功。 至此Oracle 的Data Guard 环境已经搭建完成。 5.16 DataGuard日常维护在日常维护中，请严格按照以下顺序来操作：启动顺序启动的时候，先启动备库，然后启动主库。一、启从、主库的监听Listener从库orcldg：$lsnrctl start主库orcl：$lsnrctl start二、启动备库数据库，执行如下：$sqlplus “/ as sysdba”SQL startup nomountSQL alter database mount standby database;#让备库处于standbySQL ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAG

45、ED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE disconnect;#开始同步三、启动主库数据库(上述第二步执行完毕后，方可执行如下命令)：SQLstartup关闭顺序关闭的时候正好相反，先关闭主库，然后关闭从库。l 关闭主库CMDsu oracleCMDsqlplus “/ as sysdba”SQLshutdown immediate;l 关闭从库telnet 120.4.7.50su oracleCMDsqlplus “/ as sysdba”SQLalter database recover managed standby database can

46、cel;#停止同步SQLshutdown immediate查看备库的数据SQLalter database recover managed standby database cancel;SQL alter database open read only;Database altered.SQL select count(1) from user_tables;.SQL操作完成后，需执行以下语句以令从库继续处于接收状态：SQL ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE disconnect;5.

47、17 主备库切换1. 查看主库的状态：确认a是否可以做switch overl 不能切换的情况SQLSELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE; SWITCHOVER_STATUS - SESSIONS ACTIVE在这种情况下，说明还有活动session，需要先kill掉，只留下当前sys进程select sid,SERIAL# from v$session where sid10; SID SERIAL# - - 12 14 17 3 查出当前连接session SQL select distinct ss.sid from v$mystat ss;

48、杀掉其他session SQL alter system kill session 12,14; System alteredl 可以切换的情况SQL SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;SWITCHOVER_STATUS-TO STANDBY2.将主库切换至备用模式SQL alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;3.关闭、装载主数据库SQL shutdown abort;SQL startup mount;4.查看备库准备向主库模式

49、切换SQL SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;SWITCHOVER_STATUS-TO PRIMARY1 row selected注：如果是TO PRIMARY表示可以正常切换，不过还会遇到NOT ALLOWED和PENDING或者LATENT，实际操作下来如果备库的switchover_status为not allowed或者to primary都可以正常切换5.切换备库至主库模式SQL alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;6.打开新的主数据库

50、SQL ALTER DATABASE OPEN;7. 在新的备库服务器上启动 REDO apply。 SQL alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;5.18 灾难恢复（failover）Step 1 Flush any unsent redo from the primary database to the target standbydatabaseSQL ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH REDO TO target_db_name;St

51、ep 2 Verify that the standby database has the most recently archived redo logfile for each primary database redo thread.SQL SELECT UNIQUE THREAD# AS THREAD, MAX(SEQUENCE#) - OVER (PARTITION BY thread#) AS LAST from V$ARCHIVED_LOG;SQL ALTER DATABASE REGISTER PHYSICAL LOGFILE filespec1;Step 3 Identify

52、 and resolve any archived redo log gaps.SQL SELECT THREAD#, LOW_SEQUENCE#, HIGH_SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVE_GAP;SQL ALTER DATABASE REGISTER PHYSICAL LOGFILE filespec1;Step 4 Repeat Step 3 until all gaps are resolved.Step 5 Stop Redo Apply.Issue the following SQL statement on the target standby database

53、:SQL ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;Step 6 Finish applying all received redo data.Issue the following SQL statement on the target standby database:SQL ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE FINISH;Step 7 Verify that the target standby database is ready to become a pr

54、imarydatabase.Step 8 Switch the physical standby database to the primary role.Issue the following SQL statement on the target standby database:SQL ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;Step 9 Open the new primary database.SQL ALTER DATABASE OPEN;Step 10 Back up the new

55、 primary database.Oracle recommends that a full backup be taken of the new primary database.Step 11 Restart Redo Apply if it has stopped at any of the other physical standbydatabases in your Data Guard configuration.For example:SQL ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFIL

56、E - DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;附：1. 启动到管理模式SQLshutdown immediate;SQLstartup nomount;SQLalter database mount standby database;SQLalter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;2.启动到只读方式SQLshutdown immediate;SQLstartup nomount;SQLalter database mount standby database;SQLalter database open read only;3如果在管理恢复模式下到只读模式SQL recover managed standby database cancel;SQL alter database open read only;25 / 25