考研考博-英语-广东第二师范学院考研模拟卷I【3套】含答案详解

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1、住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东第二师范学院考研模拟卷【3套】含答案详解（图片大小可任意调节）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第一卷一.单项选择题(共100题)1.Text 2 With so much focus on childrens use of screens,its easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,an

2、d digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sue

3、d devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited

4、 bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parentsfaces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsiveas they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developme

5、ntal psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention.Parents dont have t

6、o be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kidsuse of screens are born out of

7、 an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“Its based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just becau

8、se a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can

9、 make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.Radeskys cites the“still face experiment”to show that_A.it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB.verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC.children are insensitive to chang

10、es in their parentsmoodD.parents need to respond to childrens emotional needs答案：D 本题解析：根据题干关键词“still face experiment”可以定位到第三段第二、三、四句，其中第三句介绍了这个实验的过程和发现，指出母亲由正常交流变得面无表情时，孩子为吸引母亲关注变得越来越苦恼，第四句中罗德斯基点评父母应该对孩子情感需求的言语或非言语表达足够敏感并有所反应，由此可知，“静止面部实验”表明父母应该回应孩子的情感需求，正确答案为D。2.Wanen Buffett,who will host Berkshir

11、e Hathaways annual shareholdersmeeting on May 3rd,is an icon of American capitalism.At 83,he also epitomhes a sLriking demographic 1:for highly skilled people to go on working well int0 2 was once thought to be old age.Across the rich world,well-educated people 3 work longer than the less-skilled.So

12、me 65%of American men aged 62-74 with a professional deUee are in the 4,compared with 3290 0f men with only a high-school certificate.In the European Union Lhe pattern is similar.This 5 is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated 6 and the unskiUed poor that is slicing 7 all age groups.R

13、apid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while 8 those of the unskilled.Those 8t the cop are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom.9 the well-qualified are extending their working lives,compared with those ofless-educated people.The 10,for indrviduals and societ

14、y,are profound.The world is on the 11 rise in the number of old people,and they will live longer than ever before.12 the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double,from 600m to 1.1 billion.The 13 of the 20th century,when greater longevity translated into more yea

15、rs in retirement 14 more years at work,has persuaded many observers that this shift will 15 slower economic growth andsecular stagnation,while the 16 ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets.But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the 17 0ld misses a new trend,the 18

16、 gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskiUed people,19 0lder skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are 20 retirement while many less-skilled youn-ger people have dropped out of the work

17、force.9选？A.AndB.ButC.SoD.Even答案：A 本题解析：逻辑关系题。原文说：Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom.9 the well-qualified are extending their working lives,compared withLhose of less-educated people.上句those at the top=下句the well-qualified；working longer hours=extending their

18、 working lives;上下句为明显的并列关系。选项中唯有AAnd表并列，BBut表转折，CSo表因果DEven表递进。故A正确。3.For months Twitter.the micro-blogging service,has received the kind of free attention of which most companies can only dream.Politicians,corporate bosses,activists and citizens l the plat-form to calch every tweet of Americas new

19、president,who has become the services 2.The whole world is watching Twitter,3 Jack Dorsey,the companys chief executive,4 he presented its results on February 9th.He has litde else to brag about.But Donald Trump has not provided the kind of boost the 5 firm really needs.It reported 6 revenue growth a

20、nd a loss of$167m.User growth has been sluggish,too:it added just 2m users in that period.Facebook added 72m.The day of the results,shares in Twitter dropped by 12qo.7 news oudeLs around the world already report 8 Mr Trumps most sensationaJ tweets,many do not feel compelled to join the platform t0 9

21、 them.OLhers are 10 by mobs of trolls and large amounts of misinformation.And not 11 Mr Trvmp could change the cold,hard truth about Twitter:that it can never be Facebook.True,it has become one of the most important 12 for public and political 13 among its 319m monthly users.It played an important r

22、ole in the Arab spring and 14 such as Black Lives MaUer.BuL the platforms freewheeling nature makes it hard to spin gold from.15,really trying to do so-by packing Twitter feeds 16 advertising,say-would drive away users.Twitters latest results are likely to encourage those who think it should never h

23、ave become a 17 listed company,and want it to consider alternate models of ownership,such as a co-operative.They 18 Twitter as a kind of public utility-apeoples platform-the management of which should concem public 19 rather more than commercial ones.If the company were coop-eratively owned by users

24、,it would be 20 from short-term pressure to please its investors and meet earrungs targets.9选？A.discoverB.observeC.discussD.debate答案：A 本题解析：动词辨析题。Adiscover发现；Bobserve观察；Cdiscuss讨论；Ddebate辩论。该空所在句子的大意为“由于世界各地的新闻媒体都已经报道了特朗普最具爆炸性的推文，很多人觉得没必要再到这一平台去查看了。”该空应填人discover-词，文中可以理解为“查看”。B显然无法搭配；CD两项意思相近，可以排除。

25、综上，本题选择A。4.Text 1 In January commuters voted Birmingham New Street one of Britains worst railway stations.Each day nearly 150.000 people move through a structure built for half as many.But by next year it will be transformed.with 400 tonnes of undulating steel cladding and a vaguely eyeball appearan

26、ce.The station will havethe wow factor,boasts Sir Albert Bore,the leader of Birmingham city council.It will also show how much attitudes to railway stations have changed.Railxvay stations are the chief exception to the rule that Britain invests too little in infrastructure.Of the I 7 big termini man

27、aged by Network Rail,the owner of Britains tracks,11 are being redeveloped or have recently been completed.Five other stations,including Reading and Northampton,are being spruced up by local councils and Network Rail.Somc simply need to be expanded:the number of train journeys has risen by 35%since

28、2005.But the design of New Street suggests aspirations well beyond more easeful travel.The building would not look out of place in Dubai and is striking,if slightly incongruous,in the grey West Midlands.City planners wanted something monumental,like Grand Central station in New York,says Sir Bernard

29、 Zissman,chaiman of the independent design paneLTwenty or thirty years ago business people were more likely to arrive in a city by car,explains Jon Neale of Jones Lang LaSatle,a property specialist.Town planners duly carved out motorways and roundabouts to entice them.In 1962 a local politician clai

30、med that a new design for Birmingham,involving an inner ring road,would make itone ofthe finest city centres in Europe.Cities now measure their appeal by their stations.Businesses cluster around them:at Kings Cross,a once-grimy part of north London,a postcode has been created for all the new buildin

31、gs around the station,which was redeveloped in 2013.John Lewis,an upmarket department store,will open in the mall above New Street（which is indeed calledGrand Central）along with 60 0ther shops.The council hopes it will pull in visitors to the city.Such ambition recalls the stations ofthe 19th centur

32、y.Those structuresspoke to the corporate sensibility of a city,says Tristram Hunt,an MP and historian,by combining commerce with the sheen of civic pride.The first New Street station,built in 1851,had the largest single-span roofin the country at the time.It was tom down by enthusiastic 1960s town p

33、lanners.Now some ofits original lustre may retum.The best title for the text may be_.A.The New Concept of Railway StationB.A Big Failure of Railway StationC.A Feverish Dream of Railway StationD.A Citizens Planning of Railway Station答案：A 本题解析：主旨大意题。做此类题目时，关键是通过做完其他四道题，大体知道文章的中心，再次通读各段首句，验证中心。本文的思路也很明

34、确，主要是说明伯明翰铁路的改造，给铁路的设计注入新的理念，而与这个信息相匹配的选项为A项The New Concept of Railway Station“新概念下的火车站”，所以A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】虽然其他的三个选项也提到了铁路，但是修饰语都存在问题，特别是B项与主题不相符，因此应当排除。5.Text l With polished stone floors and a plate-glass roof,a shining multi-storey shopping mall has just opened beside a motorway north of Paris.Name

35、d Qwartz,and costing 300m,it houses 165 shops and what developers calleating concepts.Two other American-style shopping malls opened in the greater Paris region last year,and a third,So Ouest,in 2012.A country that prides iiself on fashion designer boutiques and aflisanal shops seernq to be turning

36、into one of mall rats.Partly ihis is just catching up.Until recently,strict planning rules stopped big out of-town shopping centres around the French capilal.Most malls that existed,such as V61izy 2 or Rosny 2,dated from the 1970s,when rive new towns were built in the Paris suburbs.But a new relaxed

37、 attitude has now let more modem projects go ahead.It also points to two features of French society that escape the gaze of historic Paris.One is most shopperssuburban way of life.Only 2.2m people live in the capital itself.Yet the greater Paris region,excluding the city,counts over four times more

38、inhabitanLs,many in small towns and car dependent suburbs.The new malls,ringed by car parks,are handy,even aUuring.Fully 62%of the French told one poll that malls were cheir favourite places to shop,ahead of the high street or traditiOPal department stores.The other trend is the global taste of cons

39、umers.Besides a huge French hypermarket,Qwartzs big puU is Primark,an Irish cheap-fashion retailer,and Marks&Spencer,a British chain.Jusc down the road,So Ouest boasts Hollister,an American surfwear brand,Starbucks,an American coffee house,and foreign fashion chains such as H&M ancl Zara.In todays t

40、emples of consumption,global is a La mode.This is not quite the France favoured by Amaud Montebourg,the industry minister and architect of aMade in Francecampaign.He is now trying to keep Amencan hands off Alstom,the French maker of TCV fast trains.He once posed cheerfully for a magazine,dressed in

41、a striped Breton top and holding a Moulinex food-blender.Yet even French brands are not always home-made,as Benjamin Carle,a reporter,discovered filming a television documeniary about his efforts to live for a year using only products made in France.The result was comic-and sobering.Not only was it

42、impossible to find some items,including a fridge and coffee.Mr Carle initially had to empty his flat of anyLhing that did not meet the test of 50%of its value being made in France.Out went the bicycle,computer,guitar,most of the furnilure,beer.clothes,toothbrush and more.The share of his stuff that

43、qualified as French-made?Just 4.5%.For shoppers who live in the suburb,the new shopping malls are_A.modern and fashionableB.luxurious and expensiveC.disrant and inconvenientD.convenient and attractive答案：D 本题解析：细节题。定位到第三段。题干shoppers who live in Lhe suburb对应该段第二句：One is most shopperssuburban way of li

44、fe.而下一句再次提到many in smaU towns and car-dependent suburbs根据关键词the new shopping malls锁定答案句为第三段第四行：The new mallsringed by car parks，are handyeven allunn其中答案关键为handy“便利的”和alluring“诱人的”。与答案句同义替换的选项为D，其中convenient=handy；attractive=alluring。其余几项分别是：Amo【lem and fasluonable“现代时尚”；Bluxurious and expensive“奢侈昂贵

45、”；Cdistant and inconvenienl“遥远且不方便”；这几项与答案句无法替换，故排除。综上，本题答案为D。6.Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that th

46、e need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested Students willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli

47、in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one 5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified,another twenty-seven were tol

48、d only that some were electrified.7 left alone in the room.The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 subsequent experiments reproduced,this effect with other stimuli 9 the sound of fingernails on a cha

49、lkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans.Much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinctit can 12 New Scientific advances,for instancebut sometimes suc

50、h 13 can backfire,the insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15,however.in a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.

51、These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor.Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.Hsee says.“in other words,dont read online comments”18选？A.reliefB.

52、planC.dutyD.outcome答案：C 本题解析：of引导的后置定语。由一个人的好奇心所带来的结果。7.For months Twitter.the micro-blogging service,has received the kind of free attention of which most companies can only dream.Politicians,corporate bosses,activists and citizens l the plat-form to calch every tweet of Americas new president,who

53、has become the services 2.The whole world is watching Twitter,3 Jack Dorsey,the companys chief executive,4 he presented its results on February 9th.He has litde else to brag about.But Donald Trump has not provided the kind of boost the 5 firm really needs.It reported 6 revenue growth and a loss of$1

54、67m.User growth has been sluggish,too:it added just 2m users in that period.Facebook added 72m.The day of the results,shares in Twitter dropped by 12qo.7 news oudeLs around the world already report 8 Mr Trumps most sensationaJ tweets,many do not feel compelled to join the platform t0 9 them.OLhers a

55、re 10 by mobs of trolls and large amounts of misinformation.And not 11 Mr Trvmp could change the cold,hard truth about Twitter:that it can never be Facebook.True,it has become one of the most important 12 for public and political 13 among its 319m monthly users.It played an important role in the Ara

56、b spring and 14 such as Black Lives MaUer.BuL the platforms freewheeling nature makes it hard to spin gold from.15,really trying to do so-by packing Twitter feeds 16 advertising,say-would drive away users.Twitters latest results are likely to encourage those who think it should never have become a 1

57、7 listed company,and want it to consider alternate models of ownership,such as a co-operative.They 18 Twitter as a kind of public utility-apeoples platform-the management of which should concem public 19 rather more than commercial ones.If the company were coop-eratively owned by users,it would be 2

58、0 from short-term pressure to please its investors and meet earrungs targets.18选？A.viewB.dismissC.serveD.realize答案：A 本题解析：动词辨析题。Aview as表示“把看作，认为”；Bdisnuss as表示“认为而不予考虑”；Cserve as表示“担任，作为”；Drealize一般不与as搭配，故本题答案为A，意为“他们将推特视为一种公共设施。”8.Thinner isnt always better.A number of studies have 1_that normal-

59、weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually_2_.For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3 among the elderly,being somewhat overweig

60、ht is often an_4 of good health.Of even greater 5 is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined 6_body mass index,or BMI.BMI 7 body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight.Between 25 and 30 i

61、s overweight.And over 30 is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10 oth

62、ers with a low BMI may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a（an）_14_to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are so

63、metimes_15_in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes_16_with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese._17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight,

64、and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity,_18_in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity_19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign_20_childhood obesity,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.7选？A.measuresB.determinesC.equalsD.modifies答案：C