2017年考研英语二真题及答案解

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1、2017 年考研英语二真题及答案解析跨考教育英语教研室Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with academics，writers，and a

2、ctivists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2.A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future wi

3、ll be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5，people will simply become lazy and depressed.6 today s unemployed don t seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year rep

4、ort having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But

5、 it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumst

6、ances for the future of labor and leisure.Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most worke

7、rs，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day s work，I often feel 18，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I don t have to work，I might feel rather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby o

8、r a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring 答案 C warning 2.A inequality B instability C unreliability D uncertainty 答案 A inequality 3.A policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction 答案 D prediction 4.A characterized Bdivided C bala

9、nced Dmeasured 答案 A characterized 5.A wisdom B meaning C glory D freedom 答案 B meaning 6.A Instead B Indeed C Thus D Nevertheless 答案 B Indeed 7.A rich B urban Cworking D educated 答案 C working 8.A explanation B requirement C compensation D substitute 答案 A explanation 9.A under B beyond C alongside D a

10、mong 答案 D among 10.A leave behind B make up C worry about D set aside 答案 C worry about 11.A statistically B occasionally C necessarily D economically 答案 C necessarily 12.A chances B downsides C benefits D principles 答案 B downsides 13.A absence B height C face D course 答案 A absence 14.A disturb B res

11、tore C exclude D yield 答案 D yield 15.A model B practice C virtue D hardship 答案 C virtue 16.A tricky B lengthy C mysterious D scarce 答案 D scarce 17.A demands B standards C qualities D threats 答案 A demands 18.A ignored B tired C confused D starved 答案 B tired 19.A off B against C behind D into 答案 D int

12、o 20.A technological B professional C educational D interpersonal 答案 B professional 试题精析答案C warning 考点：上下文语义理解解析：空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项，应该选择warning。其他三项 A boasting B denying D ensuring 均不符合此处的语境要求，故均排除。答案A inequality 考点：上下文语义理解空格单词后面的句意看到了贫富对比，故作为上文对其进行概括关键应选择inequal

13、ity。答案D prediction 考点：时态判断空格之后的内容“holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，”该定语从句是对空格词汇的修饰与说明，既然文中用到了will 这一个表示将来时态的助动词，故答案为prediction。答案A characterized 考点：后置定语+固定搭配one 4 by purposelessness。其他三项均不符合，故排除。5.答案B meaning 考点：句间语义理解Without jobs to give their lives 5，people will simply

14、 become lazy and depressed.空格所在句后面的表述与空格前的内容属于并列关系，由逗号连接。答案选择meaning。A wisdom C glory D freedom 这些选项都表示褒义色彩和后面 lazy、depressed 矛盾。6.答案B Indeed 考点：上下文逻辑关系分析下四个选项可以看出并无体现因果关系故A Thus 排除，另外instead，nevertheless 表示转折语意，但是上下文逻辑并无体现。故AInstead C Thus D Nevertheless均排除。7.答案C working 考点：上下文语义理解One Gallup poll f

15、ound that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.根据上下文对比的语意对照应该选择working。前面提到unemployed。此处在进行对比，故选择表示反义呼应的词working。8.答案A explanation 考点：句内语意理解+固定搭配some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，me

16、ntal-health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.答案D among 考点：句内语义理解、介词辨析很明显应该指前者的发生范围。浏览四个选项，among“在.中”表示范围，符合此处语义需要，故为答案。答案C worry about 考点：上下文语义理解+句内语义理解Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.答案C necessarily 考点：上

17、下文逻辑关系+句内语义理解But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.But 表示转折语意。doesnt necessarily不一定。符合此处语意需要，故为答案。12.答案B downsides 考点：上下文语义理解后置定语Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.答案的线索

18、在于空格后面的介词短语，后面提到being unemployed。这是贬义。其他选项均不符条件。答案A absence 考点：词汇复现In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.答案D yield 考点：词汇的一词多义与搭配In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14

19、 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.该空格所选词汇的主语是a society 宾语是 different circumstances.根据主谓一致的原则应该选择yield。语义为：产生。15.答案C virtue 考点：上下文语义理解overblown.一词为解题线索。含义：吹散 吹倒 表贬义。后面的内容 Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a

20、 lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.是对这句话的进一步解释，结合前后的上下文语义理解，应选择virtue，其他选项均排除。16.答案D scarce 考点：上下文语义理解because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.结合常识认知及上下文理解应该选择 scarce。17.

21、答案A demands 考点：上下文语义理解根据语义的要求，浏览选项，只有demands符合语义要求。18.答案B tired 考点：上下文语义理解+常识“When I come home from a hard days work，I often feel 18，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I dont have to work，I might feel rather different”.19.答案D into 考点：固定搭配+句内语义理解perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a h

22、obby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.“Throw oneself into.”意思是：一头扎进；投身于，积极从事20.答案B professional 考点：复现+呼应perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.此处空格处答案和前面的intensity 形成呼应与关联。故

23、此处professional符合语义需要，入选。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1 Every Saturday morning,at 9 am,more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km aroun

24、d their local park.The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free,staffed by thousands of volunteers.Runners range from four years old to grandparents;their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds u

25、p to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic legacy is failing.Ten years ago on Monday,it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.

26、The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise,by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general population was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.The opposition claims

27、 primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved.Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to inspire a generation.The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial:Your only c

28、ompetitor is the clock.The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders,by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.The dual aim was mixed up:Th

29、e stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally grassroots,concept as community sports associations.If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involv

30、ed in providing common goods making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools.But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and de

31、clining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy,worthy strategies,future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive.Or at least not make them worse.21.【题干】According to Paragraph1,Parkrun has_.【选项】Agained great popularity Bcreated many jobs Cstrengthened commun

32、ity ties Dbecome an official festival【答案】A【解析】由题干中的关键词According to Paragraph 1,可以快速的定位到文中的第一段，第一段讲了每周六大约有五万多人都会在他们当地的公园里跑步，跑步的年龄跨度之大：从 4 岁的小朋友到祖父母年纪的人都有；跑步所用的时间跨度也很大：从世界纪录的13 分 48 秒到一个小时。由此可见，这是一个全民运动，与 A 选项的 great popularity相互对应，所以选 A.其他选项，B 创造了很多就业机会；C 增强了社会的凝聚力；D 成为一个官方的节日；这几个选项原文中都没有涉及，所以排除。22.【

33、题干】The author believes that Londons Olympic legacy has failed to_.【选项】Aboost population growth Bpromote sport participation Cimprove the citys image Dincrease sport hours in schools【答案】B【解析】可以发现原文中第二段第一句话Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic“legacy”is failing 与题干中的关键词Londons Olympic“legacy”has

34、 failed to.对应，所以可以锁定文章的第二段，从而找出解题的关键。第二段前半部分讲了在最初的时候Olympic 的目标，然而，事实却事与愿违，.but the general population was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.由这句话可以看出，Olympic 并没有推动大众的参与性，与预期的目标不符，所以选择 B。23.【题干】Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_.【选项】Aaims at dis

35、covering talents Bfocuses on mass competition Cdoes not emphasize elitism Ddoes not attract first-timers【答案】C【解析】由题干中的关键词Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that.可以知道这是想考察 Parkrun和 Olympic 的区别。追溯到原文，可以看到文中的第三段第一句话：Parkrun is not a race but a time trial.从这句话可以排除A 和 B，因为A 和 B 都和竞争有关，D 选项可以从这一段的

36、这一句话：there is much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is.可知，Parkrun 有很多第一次参加的人，所以排除D.最后可以知道，答案选C，因为 parkrun 不是比赛，所以就不重视精英主义。24.【题干】With regard to mass sport,the author holds that governments should_.【选项】Aorganize grassroots sports events Bsupervise local sports as

37、sociations Cincrease funds for sports clubs Dinvest in public sports facilities【答案】D【解析】由题干中的关键词the governments should.,可以知道，命题人想要考察的是对于 Parkrun这一项大众运动，政府应该做点什么。所以，考生要快速的定位到原文中有关政府的段落，即第四段，If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods making sure th

38、ere is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools.从这里可以知道，作者希望政府能够为 Parkrun提供场所和钱，并针对学校制定相关条例以鼓励全民运动。由此可以排除 A，B，C.最终选择 D。25.【题干】The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_.【选项】Atol

39、erant Bcritical Cuncertain Dsympathetic【答案】B【解析】由题干中的关键词the author s attitude to what UK government have done for sport 可以再次锁定原文中关于政府的部分，可见这一题与24 题是有一定联系的。第四段一开始作者提出了自己对政府的期许，但是事实上，政府却没有达到这一期许。But successive government have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities an

40、d declining attention on sport in education.政府负责卖地，从地方政府压榨金钱，不重视学校的体育运动。可见，此处作者指责政府的一系列行为，由此可以得出答案B.tolerant:宽容的，容忍的；uncertain：含糊的，不确定的；sympathetic：同情的，赞同的。Text 2 With so much focus on childrens use of screens,its easy for parents to forget about their own screen u se.“Tech is designed to really suc

41、k on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-chi

42、ld pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be loo

43、king at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at pare nts faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive as they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the chi

44、ldren.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed

45、 as she tries to capture her mother s attention.Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is

46、concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 3

47、0,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their

48、devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26.【题干】According to Jenny Radesky,digital products are designed to _.【选项】Asimplify routine matters Babsorb user attention Cbetter interpe

49、rsonal relations Dincrease work efficiency【答案】B【解析】由题干中的关键词Jenny Radesky,可以快速的定位到文中提到此人物的第一段第二行，接着题干中说digital products are designed to.可以知道，考查的是数码产品的目的，回归到文中第一段第二行，可知Jenny Radesky说了这样一句话：Tech is designed to really suck on you in,and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.电子产品就是为了促进

50、最大程度的参与性，由此可以得出答案 B 为了吸引用户的注意力。其余选项在Jenny Radesky的话中都没有体现。27.【题干】Radeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _.【选项】Atakes away babies appetiteBdistracts childrens attentionCslows down babies verbal developmentDreduces mother-child communication【答案】D【解析】由题干中的关键词food-testing exerc

51、ise,mothers use of devices.可以快速的定位到第二段第二行:She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.从这里可以知道，母亲使用手机会减少20%的语言交流机会，39%的非语言交流。由此可以得出答案为D.减少了母亲和孩子之间的交流。28.【题干】Radeskys cites the“still face ex

52、periment”to show that _.【选项】Ait is easy for children to get used to blank expressions Bverbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange Cchildren are insensitive to changes in their parents moodDparents need to respond to childrens emotional needs【答案】D【解析】本题目是具体细节题。题干中的关键词Radesky和 still fac

53、e experiment定位到倒数第三段大写R 处，题目问实验一定要找实验结论，结论在本段最后一句的 but 之后，这里提到了 parents need be to responsive.to.emotional need，父母需要对情感需求做出回应。正确答案 D 是原文的原词复现。干扰项 A 的 blank expressions是原文实验里面的具体内容，非实验表明；选项 B 是最后一句的个别词干扰；选项 C 偷换概念，不是 children are insensitive，而是 parents。29.【题干】The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tron

54、ick requires parents to_.【选项】Aprotect kids from exposure to wild fantasies Bteach their kids at least 30,000 words a year Censure constant interaction with their children Dremain concerned about kids use of screens【答案】C【解析】本题目为具体细节题。根据题干的关键词oppressive ideology和大写字母 Tronick 定位到最后一段的第一句话that 之后。本句 tha

55、t 后的 demands对应题干的 requires，说道“父母应该总是要交流”。正确选项C 的 constant interaction对应原文的 always interacting。干扰项 A 的 fantasies是定位句下一句中的个别词干扰；选项 B 的 30000words同样是定位句之后的句子中提到的，而且是if 的一个条件句；选项 D 的 concerned是末段首句的 concerned，但是偷换概念。30.【题干】According to Tronick,kids use of screens may_.【选项】Agive their parents some free t

56、ime Bmake their parents more creative Chelp them with their homework Dhelp them become more attentive【答案】A【解析】本题目为文中人物观点的细节题。根据题干中的大写字母Tronick 及关键词 kid 定位到最后一段的倒数第三句，破折号后面解释了kid s use of screens的具体目的。“it gives parents time to.”与正确选项 A 完全一致，属于原文的原词复现。干扰项 B 的 creative并未提及；选项 C的 homework根据原文的 housework

57、进行干扰，原文是父母有时间做家务，而选项是帮助孩子做作业；选项D 的attentive并未提及。Text 3 Today,widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year.After all,if everyone you k

58、now is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year,doesnt it?And after going to school for 12 years,it doesnt feel natural to spend a year doing something that isnt academic.But while this may be true,it s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.Theres always a constant fea

59、r of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated“race to the finish line,”whether that be toward graduate school,medical school or lucrative career.But despite common misconceptions,a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuitsin fact,it probably enhances it.Studies from t

60、he United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.Rather than pulling students back,a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence,new responsibilities and environmental changes

61、 all things that first-year students often struggle with the most.Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment,making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If youre not convinced

62、 of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests,then consider its financial impact on future academic choices.According to the National Center for Education Statistics,nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once.This isn t surprising,considering

63、the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications,but switching to another after taking college classes.It s not necessarily a bad thing,but depending on the school,it can be costly to make up credits af

64、ter switching too late in the game.At Boston College,for example,you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department.Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31.【题干】One of the reasons for hi

65、gh-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_.【选项】Athey think it academically misleading Bthey have a lot of fun to expect in college Cit feels strange to do differently from others Dit seems worthless to take off-campus courses【答案】C【解析】题目问的是高中毕业生不选择间隔年原因之一是什么。根据题目中的high-school 和 gap year和定位到第一

66、段第一句话。这句话后面一句的after all 可以知道后面应该是解释理由了，After all,if everyone you know is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year,doesnt it?这句话是说如果大家秋天都上大学去了，你要是晚了一年看起来有点傻。这个句子等同于C 选项中的feel strange to do differently from others，因此选 C。32.【题干】Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_.【选项】Akeep students from being unrealistic Blower risks in choosing careers Cease freshmen s financial burdensDrelieve freshmen of pressures【答案】D【解析】根据题目中的study from the Australia and