Unit7TheCalloftheWild

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1、Extensive readingUnit 7 Book 1 The Call of the Wildby Jack LondonLearning objectivesIn this unit you will:ube familiar with Jack London and his worksuget some knowledge of the Klondike Gold Rush uappreciate the language and writing skill in this novelutake a test on fast readingulearn to guess meani

2、ngs of words from context Unit overviewu u u u u u u Pre-reading discussionBackground informationText analysisPost-reading discussionExercises Reading skillsRelated informationPre-reading discussion1.How do you understand the word“call”in the title?2.How does The Call of the Wild present the human-d

3、og relationship?Background informationJack London(18761916)Jack London was the most popular novelist and short story writer of his day.He wrote passionately and prolifically about the great questions of life and death,the struggle to survive with dignity and integrity.Jack London In 1898,Jack London

4、 went to Klondike for gold mining.After suffering the Sepsis(败败血症血症),his dream of being a gold miner broken.At the same time,he got plenty of writing materials.He wove these elemental ideas into stories of high adventure based on his own firsthand experiences.Jacks life experiencesBeing a laborer,fa

5、ctory worker,oyster pirate on the San Francisco Bay,member of the California Fish Patrol,sailor,railroad hobo(流浪汉流浪汉),and gold prospector,his life experiences contributed a lot to his prolific writings.The Sailor The Gold Prospector the Rancher Jack Londons belief“I would rather be ashes than dust!I

6、 would rather that my spark should burn out in a brilliant blaze than it should be stifled by dry-rot.I would rather be a superb meteor,every atom of me in magnificent glow,than a sleepy and permanent planet.The proper function of man is to live,not to exist.I shall not waste my days in trying to pr

7、olong them.I shall use my time.”The Call of the WildThe Call of the Wild(1903)is a world famous animal story.Set in Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush of the late 1890s,The story records the“decivilization”of Buck as he answers“the call of the wild”,an inherent memory of primitive origins to which

8、 he instinctively responds.The Call of the WildThe Call of the Wild is the first and foremost story about a dog,it displays a philosophical depth absent in most animal adventures.“Old longings nomadic leap,“野性沉入长眠，野性沉入长眠，Chafing at customs chain;希望终难泯灭，希望终难泯灭，Again from its brumal sleep 挣脱习惯锁链，挣脱习惯锁

9、链，Wakens the ferine strain.”踏入冰雪荒野间。踏入冰雪荒野间。”The Klondike Gold RushThe Klondike Gold Rush(克克朗 代 克 淘 金 热）朗 代 克 淘 金 热）w a s a migration by an estimated 100,000 prospectors to the Klondike region of the Yukon in north-western Canada between 1896 and 1 8 9 9 a f t e r g o l d w a s discovered there by l

10、ocal miners on August 16,1896.Prespecters ascending the Chilkoot Pass,1898 The Klondike Gold RushKlondike could only be reached by the Yukon River either upstream f r o m i t s d e l t a,downstream from its head or from somewhere in the m i d d l e t h r o u g h i t s tributaries.Travel in general w

11、as made difficult by both the geography and climate.The Klondike Gold RushAids for the travelers to carry their supplies varied;some had brought dogs,horses,mules or oxen,whereas others had to rely on carrying their equipment on their backs or on sleds pulled by hand.The Klondike Gold RushThe events

12、 of the Klondike gold rush rapidly became embedded in North American culture,being captured in poems,stories,photographs and promotional campaigns long after the end of the stampede.The writer Jack London incorporated scenes from the gold rush into his novels set in the Klondike,including The Call o

13、f the Wild,a novel about a sledge dog.Text analysisDetermining the main ideaThe main idea of the text is that _.a.it was not easy for Buck,a dog from the south,to live in the northb.Buck,a dog from the south,began to learn lesson from the hard life in the northc.some people were evil enough to steal

14、 dogs and sell them for moneyd.Buck the dog was exposed to harsh experiences in the northWhile-reading questions1.How many parts can the text be divided into?Whats the main idea of each part?2.In what aspect was Buck different from the dogs in Judge Millers place?3.What is the function of the detail

15、ed description of Bucks comfortable life in Mr.Millers house?4.What is the“law of club and fang”?What does it represent?How is Buck introduced to it?Text structureParts ContentsMain ideas11Bucks happy life before he went to the north2219On the long journey,Buck experienced a lot of things.32031Bucks

16、 first day at Dyea BeachPart 1 Happy life in the south1.What kind of life does Buck live?2.In what aspect was Buck different from the dogs in Judge Millers place?3.What is the function of the detailed description of Bucks comfortable life in Mr.Millers house?Part 1 Happy life in the south1.What kind

17、 of life does Buck live?The opening of the novel sets in the sunny,comfortable world of Judge Millers estate,where Buck lives in spoiled,lordly contentment.Part 1 Happy life in the south2.In what aspect was Buck different from the dogs in Judge Millers place?Buck was chief dog.Buck was born here and

18、 has been lived here.Buck has been regarded as one family member and enjoyed the life with the Judge Miller family.Part 1 Happy life in the south3.What is the function of the detailed description of Bucks comfortable life in Mr.Millers house?To form a sharp contrast between two worlds:the sunny,comf

19、ortable world of Judge Millers estate,and the harsh,frigid world of the Klondike,where he is dragged against his will.Part 2 On the journey1.How could Manuel lead Buck away from the estate?2.What did the man in a red coat taught Buck?3.How do you understand the sentence“Buck was beaten but he was no

20、t broken”?Part 2 On the journey1.How could Manuel lead Buck away from the estate?When Buck was led out by Manuel,the gardener,who needed money for his big family,he thought it was just a normal evening walk.Part 2 On the journey2.What did the man in a red coat taught Buck?Buck learned that he stood

21、no chance against a man with a club.Part 2 On the journey3.How do you understand the sentence“Buck was beaten but he was not broken”?Outwardly Buck was now in a miserable shape and condition,but inwardly he maintained his firmness and steadiness.Part 3 Life in the north1.Why did Buck hate Spitz？2.Wh

22、at is the“law of club and fang”?What does it represent?3.How is Buck introduced to it?4.Can you use some words to describe Buck?Part 3 Life in the north1.Why did Buck hate Spitz?Stole Bucks foodKept laughing when Curly diedPart 3 Life in the north 2.What is the“law of club and fang”?What does it rep

23、resent?It refers to that man,having the greater force,is the master.The weak must submit and serve the will of the conqueror or be killedStrength,not justice,is the central value.Part 3 Life in the north 3.How is Buck introduced to it?Buck learns this lesson from two events.The first one teaches him

24、 about the power of violence and about the need to give in when threatened by a superior force.Buck learns the law of the fang when he arrives in Canada and watches one of his fellow dogs,a female dog named Curly,torn to pieces by a pack of huskies.Part 3 Life in the north4.Can you use some words to

25、 describe Buck?Intelligent understand to obey a man with a club;learn to sled well quicklyRebellious reacting to the kidnapHardworking enjoyed his workStrong Related informationMajor themes The following themes are evident in the story:Adaption Adventure Conflict Courage and determination Death Inte

26、rdependence Leadership Survival Natures unpredictabilityInfluence of Charles Darwins and Friedrich Nietzsches theories Darwin,the founding father of evolution theory,taught that life in the natural world consisted of a constant struggle for survival,in which only the strong could thrive and produce

27、offspring.This“survival of the fittest,”as Herbert Spencer,an English philosopher,termed it,was the engine that drove evolution.The world that London creates in The Call of the Wild operates strictly according to Darwinist principles in its brutality and amoralityonly the fit survive in the cruel la

28、ndscape of the Klondike.influence of Charles Darwins and Friedrich Nietzsches theories Nietzsche was a German philosopher who preached the doctrine of the“will to power”as the driving force behind society.Moral considerations were meaningless,he declared,and all members of humanity were either maste

29、rs,driven to dominate others,or slaves,driven to submit.London transposes this scheme to the animal world,using Nietzschean language repeatedly to describe Bucks quest to achieve mastery and dominion over his enemies.Post-reading discussion1.What role do Mercedes,Hal,and Charles play in the novel?Ho

30、w do they function as embodiments of the worst side of civilization?2.Compare the roles of John Thornton and Judge Miller.Who,from the novels point of view,is the better master?Defend your answer.3.What is the“call of the wild”?How does it affect Bucks behavior throughout the novel?Reading skillsGue

31、ssing Meanings of Words from Context(I)Concept Synonym clues Antonym cluesConceptContext here means words,phrases,or sentencessurrounding a word and the situation in which it is used.When you come across a new word in your reading,before looking it up in a dictionary,very often you can guess its mea

32、ning from its context.There are often specific words(context clues)in a sentence or paragraph that can help you determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word.Synonym clues Synonyms are words or phrases that are similar in meaning to other words.A sentence with a difficult word often contains a more fa

33、miliar word to make it easy to understand.You may recognize some synonyms because they are set apart by commas,dashes,or parentheses.Usually,a synonym context clue appears to be of the same part of speech as the new word.Synonym clues For example:The hullabaloo expresses peoples high spirits at holi

34、day time.Many years ago,however,the loud noises were meant to scare away the evil spirits,thus giving the new year a fresh start.“Hullabaloo”is a noun in the sentence.The phrase that has the same meaning and part of speech is “loud noises”.So“loud noises”is a synonym context clue to“hullabaloo”.Anto

35、nym clues Antonyms are words or phrases that have opposite meanings to other words or phrases.Recognizing that certain words which often signal an antonym clue can help you understand new words.Words or phrases like“or”,“but”,“while”,“as opposed to”,and “on the other hand”often signal antonym clues.

36、Antonym clues For example:Linda manages money judiciously while I manage money unwisely.The word“while”signals the antonym“unwisely”you can reason that“unwisely”is the opposite of“judiciously.”thus,“judiciously”means“unwisely”.PracticeADetermine the meaning of each italicized word by identifying its

37、 part of speech and locating its synonym.B.Locate the word or phrase that signals the antonym clue and underline it.Then underline the antonym clue.Finally,select the best meaning for the italicized word.Practice A1.New Years Day is thought of as a good time to make New Years resolutions the decisio

38、ns to do better in the year just beginning than you did in the year that just ended.resolutions is a(an)_.It means _.noun decisionsPractice A2.Make sure,too,that the cost of your hobby does not go beyond your budget or your estimated income and expense.budget is a(an)_.It means _.nounestimated incom

39、e and expensePractice A3.Before the Crusades,kings had existed,but their role was more or less that of a figurehead,a chief in name only,in the complicated feudal system.figurehead is a(an)_.It means _.nouna chief in name onlyPractice BB.Locate the word or phrase that signals the antonym clue and un

40、derline it.Then underline the antonym clue.Finally,select the best meaning for the italicized word.Practice B1.The Oveges method of teaching made science and mathematics fun instead of a chore.chore means _.a.attraction b.tiring task c.dutyPractice B2.Though he was often shy in social settings,scien

41、ce brought out the showman in him.showman means _.a.personality attracting public attention b.timid characterc.quick temper Practice B3.Although the Greeks were said to be democratic,slaves and women had few right.democratic means _.a.respecting peoples rightsb.warlikec.peace-lovingExercises Text A.b B.14 c d a a58 d c c d C.15 d a a c d 610 b d a b a Fast reading 15 d a b d d 610 b a c b d 1115 d a a b aHome reading 14 b d c b 58 b b d b