南京财经大学电子商务英文版课件chapter1

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1、毛彦妮About E-Commerce CourseThe Framework of the course电子商务四要素：商流、资金流、物流、信息流电子商务四要素：商流、资金流、物流、信息流The methods of studyFinishing your work with Internet Good reading habitFinal ScoreCheck on attendance 10%Experiment 10%Home work 10%Final test 70%1.1 Definitions and Content of EC1.2 Classification of EC1

2、.3 Benefits and Limitations 14 The Driving forces of E-commerce1.5 The development of EC in ChinaThe case of marks&spencer Why E-Commerce(The problem)?Competition was intenseProfit margin was dropping downCustomer service and supply chain activities was inefficientThe solutionTaking EC as“A new way

3、of doing business”.Selling product on the Website,at a lower price than physical store.Tracking transaction data in real time for securityBased on warehouse management system for inventory replenishment decision makingRunning the warehouse operation and deliveries from third-party logistics service

4、providersConnecting supply chain partners(including customer)through EDI networks and integrating EDI with Back Office system.The case of M&S(The Result)Saved a lot of money with help of new information dissemination method.Built a stronger relationship with their business partners.Increase customer

5、s service and open up markets to more customers.Kept the leading position in the retailing market.Electronic Commerce is an emerging concept that describes the process of buying and selling or exchanging of products,services,and information via computer networks including the Internet.E-business:A b

6、roader definition of EC,which includes not just the buying and selling of goods and services,but also servicing customers,collaborating with business partners and conducting electronic transactions within an organization.In this book we use the broadest meaning of EC,which is basically equivalent to

7、 EB.（4）EB（Electronic Business）Today the term EC seems to be fairly narrow to some people.Thus,many use the term E-business.1.1.2Definitions of EC.It can be define form these perspectivesPerspec-tivesDefinitionCommun-icationsDelivery of information,products/services,or payment over telephone lines,co

8、mputer networks,or any other electronic means.Business ProcessThe application of technology toward the automation of business transactions and workflow.ServiceA tool that addresses the desire of firms,consumers,and management to cut service costs while improving the quality of goods and increasing t

9、he speed of service delivery.CommercialProviding the capability of buying and selling products and information on the Internet and other online services.1.1.3Characteristic of ECThe global nature of the tech.(技术的全球性)Potential to reach billions of peopleNo time and place limitation.Low cost.Interacti

10、ve nature.（互动性）Variety of possibility.（应用的多样性）Resourcefulness and rapid growth of its supporting infrastructures1.1.4The Dimensions of Electronic CommercePure versus partial EC(figure1.1)Physical agentDigital agentDigital ProductPhysical ProductPhysical processDigital processVirtual processVirtual d

11、elivery agentVirtual productPartialElectronic commerce areasThe pure of electronic commerceTraditional commerceBrick-and-Mortar organizations：old-economy organizations that perform most of their business off-line,selling physical products by means of physical agents.Virtual organizations:organizatio

12、n that conduct their business activities solely online.Click-and-mortar organization:that conduct some e-commerce activities,but do their primary business in the physical world.1.1.5The Framework of EC(the contents of EC)yexhibit 1.2 shows that the EC applications are supported by infrastructures,an

13、d their implementation is dependent on five major areas(shown as supporting pillars)people,public policy,marketing and advertisingSupport services and business partnerships.yThe EC management coordinates the applications,infrastructures,and pillars.A Framework for Electronic CommerceElectronic Comme

14、rce Applications Stocks Jobs On-line banking Procurement and purchasing Malls On-line marketing and advertising Home shopping Auctions Travel On-line publishingPeople:Buyers,sellers,intermediaries,services,IS people,and managementPublicpolicy,legal,andprivacyIssuesSupport services Logistics,Payments

15、,contentSecurity systemDevelopment Business Partnership:affiliatePrograms,joint ventures,exchangesE-marketplace Support services(1)Common businessservices infrastructure(security smartcards/authenticationelectronic payment,directories/catalogs)(2)Messaging andinformation distributioninfrastructure(E

16、DI,e-mail,Hyper TextTransfer Protocol)(3)Multimedia contentand networkpublishing infrastructure(HTML,JAVA,WorldWide Web,VRML)(4)Network infrastructure(Telecom,cable TVwireless,Internet)(VAN,WAN,LAN,Intranet,Extranet)(5)Interfacinginfrastructure(The databases,customers,andapplications)ManagementMarke

17、ting and advertisement:market research,promotions,and web content1.2Classification of ECBusiness-to-business(B2B):businesses make online transactions with other businesses.Business-to-Consumer(B2C):online transactions are made between businesses and individual consumers.Consumer-to-Consumer(C2C):onl

18、ine transactions are made between individual consumers.Consumer-to-Business(C2B):e-commerce model in which individuals use the Internet to sell products or services to organizations or individuals seek sellers to bid on products or services they need.Business-to-Business-to-Consumer(B2B2C):e-commerc

19、e model in which a business provides some product or service to a client business that maintains its own customers.peer-to-peer(P2P):technology that enables networked peer computers to share data and processing with each other directly;can be used in C2C,B2B,and B2C e-commerce.mobile commerce(m-comm

20、erce):e-commerce transactions and activities conducted in a wireless environment.location-based commerce(l-commerce):m-commerce transactions targeted to individuals in specific locations,at specific timesIntra-business EC:e-commerce category that includes all internal organizational activities that

21、involve the exchange of goods,services,or information among various units and individuals in an organizationbusiness-to-employees(B2E):e-commerce model in which an organization delivers services,information,or products to its individual employeescollaborative commerce(c-commerce):e-commerce model in

22、 which individuals or groups communicate or collaborate onlinee-learning:the online delivery of information for purposes of training or educationexchange-to-exchange(E2E):e-commerce model in which electronic exchanges formally connect to one another the purpose of exchanging informatione-government:

23、e-commerce model in which a government entity buys or provides goods,services,or information to businesses or individual citizensVendors specializationRapid time-to-marketLower communication costsEfficient procurementImproved customer relationsUp-to-date company materialNo city business permits and

24、feesOther benefitsPeople do not yet sufficient trust paperless,faceless transactionsInsufficient number of sellers and buyers for critical massAn increasing amount of fraud on the InternetIt is difficult to obtain venture capital due to the dot-com disasternStrong competition(how to reduce the trans

25、action cost)nGlobal economynFrequent and significant changes in marketsnIncreased power of consumers1.Economy and Business PressuresyIncreasing innovations and new technologies yRapid technological obsolescenceyInformation overloadyRapid decline in technology cost vs.performance ratio3、Organization

26、responsesStrategic systems（EC-supported strategic systems）Continuous improvement efforts and business process reengineeringCustomer relationship managementBusiness alliances:virtual corporationElectronic marketsReductions in cycle time and time-to-marketCycle time:the time it takes for a business to

27、 complete a productive activity from its beginning to end.Time-to-market:the time from the inception of an idea to its implementationEmpowerment of employeesSupply chain improvementsMass customization:make-to-order in large quantities in an efficient mannerIntrabusiness:from sales force automation to inventory controlKnowledge management KM:the process of creating or capturing knowledge,storing and protecting it,updating and maintaining it,and using it.1.5The development of EC in China What are the status of Chinese EC?2.What are the main issues of the Chinese EC development?