(精品)土木工程英语证书考试(PEC)-桥梁工程术语

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1、土木工程英语证书考试(PEC)-桥梁工程术语大全结构控制structural control structure control 结构控制: structural control 结构控制: structural control 结构控制剂: constitution controller裂缝宽度容许值裂缝宽度容许值: allowable value of crack width装配式预制装配式预制: precast 装配式预制的: precast-segmental 装配式预制混凝土环: precast concrete segmental ring安装预应力安装预应力: prestress

2、ed最优化optimization 最优化: Optimum Theory|optimization|ALARA 使最优化: optimized 次最优化: suboptimization空心板梁空心板梁: hollow slab beam主梁截面主梁截面: girder section边、中跨径边、中跨径: side span &middle spin主梁girder 主梁: girder|main beam|king post 桥主梁: bridge girder 主梁翼: main spar单墩单墩: single pier 单墩尾水管: single-pier draught tube

3、 单墩肘形尾水管: one-pier elbow draught tube结构优化设计结构优化设计: optimal structure designing 扩 结构优化设计: Optimal Struc ture Designing 液压机结构优化设计软件包: HYSOP连续多跨多跨连续梁: continuous beam on many supports拼接板拼接板: splice bar|scab|splice plate 端头拼接板: end matched lumber 销钉拼接板: pin splice裂缝crack crevice跨越to step across step ove

4、r 跨越: stride leap|across|spanning 跨越杆: cross-over pole|crossingpole 跨越点: crossing point|crossover point刚构桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥: rigid frame bridge 形刚构桥: T-shaped rigid frame bridge 连续刚构桥: continuous rigid frame bridge刚度比stiffness ratio ratio of rigidity 刚度比: ratio of rigidity|stiffness ratio 动刚度比:

5、 dynamic stiffenss ratio 刚度比 劲度比: stiffnessratio等截面粱uniform beam 等截面粱: uniform beam|uniform cross-section beam桥梁工程bridge construction bridgework 桥梁工程: bridgeworks|LUSAS FEA|Bridge Engineering 桥梁工程师: Bridge SE 铁路桥梁工程: railway bridge engineering悬索桥suspension bridge 悬索桥: suspension bridge|su e io ridge

6、 悬索桥: Suspension bridge|Puente colgante 加劲悬索桥: stiffenedsuspensionbridge预应力混凝土prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土: prestressed concrete|prestre edconcrete 预应力混凝土梁: prestressed concrete beam 预应力混凝土管: prestressed concrete pipe预应力钢筋束预应力钢筋束: pre-stressing tendon|pre-stre ingtendon 抛物线型钢丝束(预应力配钢筋结构用): parabolic

7、cable最小配筋率minimum steel ratio轴向拉力axial tension axial tensile force 轴向拉力: axial tension|axial te ion 轴向拉力, 轴向拉伸: axial tension 轴向拉力 轴向张力: axialtensileforce承台cushion cap 承台: bearing platform|cushioncap|pile caps 桩承台: pile cap|platformonpiles 低桩承台: low pile cap拱桥arch bridge 拱桥: hump bridge|arch bridge|

8、arched bridge 拱桥: Arch bridge|Puente en arco|Pont en arc 鸠拱桥: Khj强度intensity strength 强度: intensity|Strength|Density 刚强度: stiffness|stiffne|westbank stiffness 光强度: light intensity|intensity箍筋hooping 箍筋: stirrup|reinforcement stirrup|hooping 箍筋柱: tied column|hooped column 形箍筋: u stirrup u预应力组件预应力组件:

9、prestressed element等效荷载equivalent load 等效荷载: equivalent load 等效荷载原理: principle of equivalent loads 等效负载 等效荷载 等值负载: equivalentload模型matrix model mould pattern承载能力极限状态承载能力极限状态: ultimate limit states正常使用极限状态serviceability limit state 正常使用极限状态: serviceability limit state 正常使用极限状态验证: verification of serv

10、iceability limit states弹性elasticity springiness spring give flexibility 弹性: elasticity|Flexibility|stretch 弹性: Elastic|Elasticidad|弾性 弹性体: elastomer|elastic body|SPUA平截面假定plane cross-section assumption 平截面假定: plane cross-section assumption抗拉强度intensity of tension tensile strength安全系数safety factor标准值

11、standard value 标准值: standard value,|reference value 作用标准值: characteristic value of an action 重力标准值: gravity standard设计值value of calculation design value 设计值: design value|value|designed value 作用设计值: design value of an action 荷载设计值: design value of a load可靠度confidence level reliability fiduciary leve

12、l 可靠度: Reliability|degree of reliability 不可靠度: Unreliability 高可靠度: High Reliability几何特征geometrical characteristic 几何特征: geometrical characteristic 配位几何特征: coordinated geometric feature 流域几何特征: basin geometric characteristics塑性plastic nature plasticity应力图stress diagram 应力图: stress diagram|stress patt

13、ern 谷式应力图: Cremonas method 机身应力图: fuselage stress diagram压应力crushing stress 压应力: compressive stress|compression stress 抗压应力: compressive stress|pressure load 内压应力: internal pressure stress配筋率ratio of reinforcement reinforcement ratio reinforcement percentage 配筋率: reinforcement ratio 平均配筋率: balanced

14、steel ratio 纵向配筋率: longitudinal steel ratio有限元分析finite element analysis 有限元分析: FEA|finite element analysis (FEA)|ABAQUS 反有限元分析: inverse finite element analysis 有限元分析软件: HKS ABAQUS|MSC/NASTRAN MSC/NASTRAN有限元法finite element method 有限元法: FInite Element|finite element method 积有限元法: CVFEM 线性有限元法: Linear

15、Finite Element Method裂缝控制裂缝控制: crack control 控制裂缝钢筋: crack-control reinforcement 检查，核对，抑制，控制，试验，裂缝，支票，账单，牌号，名牌: check应力集中stress concentration 应力集中: stress concentration 应力集中点: hard spot|focal point of stress 应力集中器: stress concentrators主拉应力principal tensile stress 主拉应力: principal tensile stress非线性non

16、linearity非线性振动nonlinear oscillations nonlinear vibration 非线性振动: nonlinear vibration 非线性振动理论: theory of non linear vibration 非线性随机振动: Nonlinear random vibration弯矩flexural moment ment of flexion (moment of flexure) bending moment flexural torque 弯矩: bending moment|flexural moment|kN-m 弯矩图: bending mom

17、ent diagram|moment curve 双弯矩: bimoment弯矩中心center of moments moment center 弯矩中心: center of moments|momentcenter弯矩分配法moment distribution momentdistribution 弯矩分配法: hardy cross method|cross method弯矩图bending moment diagram moment curve moment diagram 弯矩图: bending moment diagram|moment curve 最终弯矩图: final

18、bending moment diagram 最大弯矩图: maximum bending moment diagram剪力shearing force 剪力: shearing force|shear force|shear 剪力墙: shear wall|shearing wall|shear panel 剪力钉: shear nails|SHEAR CONCRETE STUD弹性模量elasticity modulus youngs modulus elastic modulus modulus of elasticity elastic ratio剪力图shear diagram 剪力

19、图: shear diagram|shearing force diagram 剪力和弯矩图: Shear and Moment Diagrams 绘制剪力和弯矩图的图解法: Graphical Method for Constructing Shear and Moment Diagrams剪力墙shear wall 剪力墙: shear wall|shearing wall|shear panel 抗剪力墙: shearwall 剪力墙结构: shear wall structure轴力轴力: shaft force|axial force 螺栓轴力测试仪: Bolt shaft forc

20、e tester 轴向力: axial force|normal force|beam框架结构frame construction等参单元等参数单元 等参元: isoparametricelement板单元板单元: plate unit 托板单元: pallet unit 骨板骨单元: lamella/lamellaeosteon梁(surname) beam of roof bridge桥梁bridge曲率curvature材料力学mechanics of materials结构力学structural mechanics 结构力学: Structural Mechanics|theory

21、of structures 重结构力学: barodynamics 船舶结构力学: Structual Mechamics for Ships弯曲刚度flexural rigidity bending rigidity 弯曲刚度: bending stiffness|flexural rigidity 截面弯曲刚度: flexural rigidity of section 弯曲刚度，抗弯劲度: bending stiffness钢管混凝土结构encased structures 钢管混凝土结构: encased structures极限荷载ultimate load 极限荷载: ultima

22、te load 极限荷载设计: limit load design|ultimate load design 设计极限荷载: designlimitloadDLL|design ultimate load极限荷载设计limit load design ultimate load analysis ultimate load design 极限荷载设计: limit load design|ultimate load design 设计极限荷载: designlimitloadDLL|design ultimate load板壳力学mechanics of board shell 板壳力学: P

23、late Mechanics 板壳非线性力学: Nonlinear Mechanics of Plate and Shell本构模型本构模型: constitutive model 体积本构模型: bulk constitutive equation 本构模型屈服面: yield surface主钢筋main reinforcing steel main reinforcement 主钢筋: main reinforcement|Main Reinforcing Steel 钢筋混凝土的主钢筋: mainbar悬臂梁socle beam 悬臂梁: cantilever beam|cantile

24、ver|outrigger 悬臂梁长: length of cantilever 双悬臂梁: TDCB悬链线catenary 悬链线: Catenary,|catenary wire|chainette 伪悬链线: pseudocatenary 悬链线长: catenary length加劲肋ribbed stiffener 加劲肋: stiffening rib|stiffener|ribbed stiffener 短加劲肋: short stiffener 支承加劲肋: bearing stiffener技术标准technology standard水文水文: Hydrology 水文学:

25、 hydrology|hydroaraphy| 水文图: hydrograph|hydrological maps招标invite public bidding投标(v) submit a bid bid for连续梁through beam 连续梁: continuous beam|through beam 多跨连续梁: continuous beam on many supports 悬臂连续梁: gerber beam加劲梁stiff girder 加劲梁: stiffening girder|buttress brace 加劲梁节点: stiff girder connection 支

26、撑刚性梁，加劲梁，横撑: buttress brace水文学hydrology 水文学: hydrology|hydroaraphy| 水文学: Hydrologie|水文学|? ? 古水文学: paleohydrology桥梁抗震桥梁抗震加固: bridge aseismatic strengthening抗风wind resistance 抗风: Withstand Wind|Wtstan Wn|wind resistance 抗风锚: weather anchor 抗风性: wind resistance基础的basal桥梁控制测量bridge construction control

27、survey 桥梁控制测量: bridge construction control survey桥梁施工桥梁施工控制综合程序系统: FWD 桥梁最佳施工指南: Bridge Best Practice Guidelines 桥梁工程施工技术咨询: Bridge Construction Engineering Service总体设计overall design integrated design 总体设计: Global|overall design|general arrangement 总体设计概念: totaldesignconcept 工厂总体设计图: general layout

28、scheme初步设计predesign preliminary plan技术设计technical design 技术设计: technical design|technical project 技术设计员: Technical Designer|technician 技术设计图: technical drawing施工图设计construction documents design 施工图设计: construction documents design 施工图设计阶段: construction documents design phase 基本建设项目施工图设计: design of w

29、orking drawing of a capital construction project桥台abutment bridge abutment基础foundation base basis结构形式structural style 结构形式: Type of construction|form of structure 表结构形式: list structure form 屋顶结构形式: roof form地震earthquake地震活动earthquake activity seismic activity seismic motion seismicity 地震活动: Seismic

30、activity|seismic motion 地震活动性: seismicity|seismic 地震活动图: seismicity map支撑体系支撑体系: bracing system|support system 物流企业安全平台支撑体系: SSOSP公路桥涵公路施工手册-桥涵: Optimization of Road Traffic Organization-Abstract引道approach road ramp way approach 引道: approach|approach road 引道坡: approach ramp|a roachramp 引道版: Approach

31、 slab装配式装配式桥: fabricated bridge|precast bridge 装配式房屋: Prefabricated buildings 装配式钢体: fabricated steel body耐久性wear 耐久性: durability|permanence|endurance 不耐久性: fugitiveness 耐久性试验: endurance test|life test|durability test持久状况持久状况: persistent situation短暂状况短暂状况: transient situation偶然状况偶然状况: accidental sit

32、uation永久作用永久作用: permanent action 永久作用标准值: characteristic value of permanent action可变作用可变作用: variable action 可变作用标准值: characteristic value of variable action 可变光阑作用: iris action偶然作用偶然作用: accidental action 偶然同化（作用）: accidental assimilation 作用效应偶然组合: accidental combination for action effects作用代表值作用代表值:

33、 representative value of an action作用标准值作用标准值: characteristic value of an action 地震作用标准值: characteristic value of earthquake action 可变作用标准值: characteristic value of variable action作用频遇值作用频遇值 Frequent value of an action安全等级safe class 安全等级: safety class|Security Level|safeclass 生物安全等级: Biosafety Level

34、生物安全等级: Biosafety Level作用action activity actions acts effect to play a role设计基准期design reference period 设计基准期: design reference period作用准永久值作用准永久值: quasipermanentvalueofanaction作用效应作用效应: effects of actions|effect of an action 互作用效应: interaction effect 质量作用效应: mass action effect作用效应设计值作用效应设计值 Design

35、value of an action effect分项系数分项系数: partial safety factor|partial factor 作用分项系数: partial safety factor for action 抗力分项系数: partial safety factor for resistance作用效应组合作用效应组合: combination for action effects 作用效应基本组合: fundamental combination for action effects 作用效应偶然组合: accidental combination for action e

36、ffects结构重要性系数结构重要性系数Coefficient for importance of a structure桥涵桥涵跟桥梁比较类似，主要区别在于:单孔跨径小于5m或多孔跨径之和小于8m的为桥涵,大于这个标准的为桥梁公路等级公路等级: highway classification 标准:公路等级代码: Code for highway classification 标准:公路路面等级与面层类型代码: Code for classification and type of highway pavement顺流fair current设计洪水频率设计洪水频率: designed flo

37、od frequency水力water power water conservancy irrigation works 水力: hydraulic power|water power|water stress 水力学: Hydraulics|hydromechanics|fluid mechanics 水力的: hydraulic|hydrodynamic|hyd河槽river channel 河槽: stream channel|river channel|gutter 古河槽: old channel 河槽线: channel axis河岸riverside strand 河岸: ban

38、k|riverside|river bank 河岸林: riparian forest 河岸权: riparian right河岸侵蚀stream bank erosion 河岸侵蚀: bank erosion|stream bank erosion 河岸侵蚀 河岸侵食: bank erosion 河岸侵蚀, 堤岸冲刷: bank erosion高架桥桥墩高架桥桥墩: viaduct pier桥梁净空高潮时桥梁净空高度: bridge clearance行车道lane 行车道: carriageway|traffic lane|Through Lane 快行车道: fast lane 西行车道

39、: westbound carriageway一级公路A road arterial road arterial highway 一级公路: A road arterial road arterial highway 一级公路网: primaryhighwaysystem二级公路b road secondary road 二级公路: B road, secondary road涵洞culvert 涵洞: culvert 梁涵洞: Beam Culverts 木涵洞: timber culvert河床riverbed runway 河床: river bed|bed|stream bed 冰河床

40、: glacier bed 型河床: oxbow|horseshoe bend|meander loop河滩flood plain river beach 河滩: river shoal|beach|river flat 河滩地: flood land|overflow land 河滩区: riffle area高级公路high-type highway 高级公路: high-typehighway高架桥trestle viaduct 高架桥: viaduct|overhead viaduct 高架桥: Viadukt|Viaducto|高架桥 高架桥面: elevated deck洪水流量v

41、olume of flood flood discharge flooddischarge 洪水流量: flood discharge|flood flow|peak discharge 洪水流量预报: flooddischargeforecast 平均年洪水流量: average annual flood设计速度design speed 设计速度: design speed|designed speed|design rate 设计速度，构造速度: desin speed|desin speed haha 最大阵风强度的设计速度: VB Design Speed for Maximum Gu

42、st Intension跨度span紧急停车emergency shutdown (cut-off) emergency cut-off 紧急停车: abort|panic stop|emergency stop 紧急停车带: lay-by|emergency parking strip 紧急停车阀: emergency stop valve减速gear down retardment speed-down deceleration slowdown车道traffic lane路缘带side trip marginal strip margin verge 路缘带: marginal stri

43、p|side strip|margin verge路肩shoulder of earth body 路肩: shoulder|verge|shoulder of road 硬路肩: hard shoulder|hardened verge 软路肩: Soft Shoulder最小值minimum value 最小值: minimum|Min|least value 求最小值: minimization 找出最小值: min最大值max.最大值原理principle of the maximum maximum principle maximal principle 最大值原理: maximum

44、 principle,|maximal principle 离散最大值原理: discrete maximum principle 极大值原理，最大值原理: maximum principle车道宽度车道宽度: lane-width自行车道cycle-track 自行车道: bicycle path|cycle path|cycle track 旗津环岛海景观光自行车道: Cijin Oceanview Bike Path 自行车道 专供自行车行驶的车道。: bicycle path自行车通行自行车通行: cyclists only 禁止自行车通行: NO CYCLING桥下净空undercl

45、earance 桥下净空: clearance under bridge|clearce of span 桥下高度(桥洞距路面的高度),桥下净空: underbridge clearance桥下部结构桥下部结构: bridge substructure栏杆railing banister人行道sidewalk无压力无压力: stress-free 无压力式涵洞: inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力梯度流动: zero-pressuregradientflow净高clear height漂浮物flotage floater 漂浮物: floatage|Flotsan|Fl

46、oats 沉船漂浮物: wreckage|wreck 漂浮物浮标: floater管涵pipe culvert 管涵: pipe culvert 瓦管涵: tile culvert 波纹管涵: corrugatedculvert拱涵arch culvert 拱涵: arch culvert矩形rectangle通航connected by air, sea traffic or service 通航: connectedbyair|seatrafficorservice 通航闸: navigation lock 通航权: right of way无铰拱arch without articula

47、tion fixed end arch 无铰拱: arch without articulation|fixed end arch 即无铰拱刚拱: rigidarch (即无铰拱) 固端拱: fixed arch无铰框架hingeless frame 无铰框架: hingeless frame 无铰的框架: no hinged frame安全带seat belt天桥overpass overbridge crossover天桥面天桥面: flyover deck荷载load荷载强度load intensity 荷载强度: loading intensity|loading inte ity荷载

48、系数loading coefficient load factor 荷载系数: load factor|loading coefficient 荷载系数法: load-factor method 安全荷载系数: safety load factor荷载支承结构荷载支承结构: load bearing structure多孔梁多孔箱形梁: multi-cell box girder纵坡longitudinal slope 纵坡: longitudinal gradient|longitudinal slope 纵坡线: grade line 桥面纵坡: longitudinal slope of

49、 the bridge surface横坡crossfall cross slope cross fall 横坡: cross slope|transverse slope 桥面横坡: decktransverseslope 路拱横坡: crown slopecross fall管道pipeline特大桥特大桥: grand bridge 拉斐特大桥: The Lafayette Bridge 高茨玛特大桥: Geitssmatt Brcke桥头堡bridgehead bridge tower斜交skew intersection坡度gradient grade排水drain外力(n) ext

50、ernal force; foreign pressure内力internal force边坡side slope美观pleasing to the eye beautiful artistic经济的economical oecumenical economic适用be applicable防水waterproof桥面deck沥青asphalt(um) bituminous墩台墩台: abutment|abutment wall 墩台石: coping stone 桥梁墩台: piers and abutments剪切模量shear modulus rigidity modulus modul

51、us in shear 剪切模量: shear modulus|rigidity modulus|GXY 动剪切模量: dynamic shear modulus of soils 横向剪切模量: transverse shear modulus剪切强度shear(ing) strength 剪切强度: shear strength|shearing strength|Fe-Fe 动剪切强度: dynamic shear modulus of soils 扭转剪切强度: torsional shear strength剪切破坏shear breakdown 剪切破坏: shear failur

52、e|shear fracture|shear damage 纯剪切破坏: complete shear failure 局部剪切破坏: local shear failure导航navigation永久冻土perpetually frozen soil 永久冻土: permafrost|perennial frost 永久冻土: Permafrost|Permafrostboden|永久冻土 永久冻土台: permafrost table预加力pre-applied force 预加力: pre-tension|pre-appliedforce土重力土的物理性质重力密度: unit weigh

53、t土侧压力土的侧压力: earth lateral pressure收缩shrink pull back contract徐变creep 徐变: creep 比徐变: specific creep 航线徐变: track crawling水浮力水的浮力: buoyancy of water摩擦系数friction coefficient 摩擦系数: coefficient of friction|friction factor 底摩擦系数: bottom-friction factor 管摩擦系数: pipe friction coefficient汽车荷载载重汽车荷载: truck load

54、ing冲击力wallop离心力centrifugal force centrifugal pull人群荷载人群荷载: pedestrian load汽车制动力brake force风荷载wind load wind loading 风荷载: wind load|wind loading 风荷载标准值: characteristi cvalue o fwindload 风荷载体型系数: shapefactorofwindload流水压力流水压力: pressure of water flow 自流水静压力: artesian hydrostatic pressure冰压力ice thrust i

55、ce pressure 冰压力: ice pressure|icepre ure|ice thrust 向岸冰压力: shoreward thrust of ice 冰推力 冰压力 冰壅: icethrust温度作用温度作用: temperature action 温度变化作用: Temperaturwechselbelastung 温度防腐作用: temperature antiseptic effect支座support saddle 支座: support|bearing|carrier 外支座: outer support|outersu ort 管支座: pipe support撞击

56、作用knock-on effect 撞击变质作用: aethoballism代表值representative value 代表值: central value|representative value 类代表值: class mark|class value 作用代表值: representative value of an action极限状态ultimate state 极限状态: limit state|ultimate limit state 极限状态设计: ultimate limit state design 破坏极限状态: failure limit state结构自重dead

57、 load 结构自重: self-weightstructure|dead load 以自重桥梁结构预应力法: finsterwalder prestressing method最不利分布least favorable distribution 最不利分布: Least favorable distribution,重要性系数重要性系数 重要度系数: importance factor抗震antiknock quake-proof earthquake proofing construction earthquake-resistance earthquake proof钢结构steel st

58、ructure钢结构设计design of steel structure steel structure design structural steel design 钢结构设计: Design Of Steel Structure 钢结构设计规范: Code for design of steel structures 锅炉钢结构设计: Boiler steel structure designing混凝土结构设计混凝土结构设计规范: Code for design of concrete structures 预应力混凝土结构设计软件: PREC温度梯度temperature gradi

59、ent (tempgrad) 温度梯度: temperature gradient|thermal gradient 负温度梯度: negative temperature gradient 温度梯度法: temperaturegradientmethod动力系数power coefficient 动力系数: dynamic coefficient 制动力系数: Braking force coefficient 气体动力系数: aerodynamiccoefficient动力学kinetics dynamics dyn内摩擦角internal frictional angle angle o

60、f internal friction 内摩擦角: angle of internal friction 真内摩擦角: True angle of internal friction 有效内摩擦角: effective angle of internal friction钢材(n) raw steel material (sheets; ingots; etc.)主效应main effect 主效应: Main effect, 主效应: Main Effect 主效应模型: Main effect model超静定的hyperstatic 超静定的: hyperstatic 超静定 超静定的: hyperstatic超静定结构indeterminate structure 超静定结构: statically indeterminate structure