研究生英语2FurtherListening原文答案课堂PPT

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1、Unit 1 1Energy and Our PlanetBook 2 Further ListeningListening 1A|Read the statements.Then listen to a talk about global warming and check()any ideas that are NOT part of the talk.Our use of fossil fuels has increased.The earth receives less sunlight because of air pollution.A very much higher avera

2、ge temperature leads to climate change and changes to the weather.Climate change is being driven by both natural and human-made forces.New reserves of fossil fuels will be hard to find.We need to produce more alternative energy.We can personally try to conserve energy.Changes in the way of life in r

3、apidly developing countries will make a big impact on the worlds greenhouse gases.Further ListeningListening 1B|Read the statements.Then listen again and complete the sentences with what you hear.Our demand for fossil fuels like _ and _ is growing.Burning fossil fuels puts _ into the air.When there

4、is more heat in the earths atmosphere,_ increases.Climate change can have _ on peoples lives.People are starting to _ by trying to use less fuel.oil natural gascarbonthe average temperaturea negative impactconserve energyFurther ListeningOur demand for fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas is gro

5、wing.This growing need for energy causes us to burn more and more fossil fuels.Burning fossil fuels such as coal puts carbon into the air.Carbon dioxide,or CO2,and other gases reduce the amount of heat that goes out into space.When less heat goes out into space,it means that more heat stays in the e

6、arths atmosphere.When more heat stays in the earths atmosphere,the average temperature increases,making it warmer.To be continued Listening 1Further ListeningA significantly higher average temperature leads to climate change and changes to the weather.Climate change can have a negative impact on peo

7、ples lives.For example,climate change can make it difficult to grow food in some places.People are starting to conserve energy by making changes that cause them to use less fuel.For example,people are buying smaller cars.Smaller cars are more efficient because they use less gas and oil.Listening 1Fu

8、rther ListeningListening 2A|Read the statements.Then listen to a talk about energy and environment and check()the main idea you hear.Global warming is inevitable.Little can be done about it.Global warming is having a negative impact on our environment.There could be quick switches to lessen the effe

9、cts of global warming.Stopping global warming requires urgent,unheard-of international cooperation.It is too big a job for us.Global warming poses a threat to our environment.There could be some practical ways we can help protect the environment.Further ListeningListening 2B|Read the statements.Then

10、 listen again and complete the sentences with what you hear.Cut back on _ by using public transportation or walking more often.Shop at _ close to your home.Turn off _ once you are not using them.Replace _ with new,efficient models._ the electricity and gas you use.drivinglocal storeslights and elect

11、ronicsyour old appliances Keep track ofFurther ListeningListening 2B|Read the statements.Then listen again and complete the sentences with what you hear._ for your energy use each month using your energy journal._ your lifestyle to reduce the amount of energy you use.Set a lower target Make small ch

12、anges toFurther Listening Scientists believe that the earths temperature is increasing.They believe this increase in temperature is having a negative impact on our environment.You might think that protecting the planet is too big a job for you,but it isnt.There are many small and practical ways you

13、can conserve energy and help protect the environment.Here are some helpful tips.Cut back on driving by taking public transportation or walking more often.You will save a lot of gas if you drive to work two or three days a week instead of five!Shop at local stores close to your home.Listening 2To be

14、continued Further Listening You will drive less,so you can spend less money on gas and more money on food.Turn off lights and electronics whenyou arent using them so you dont waste electricity.Replace your old appliances like refrigerators and dishwashers with new,efficient models.Old appliances con

15、sume more energy than new ones.Keep track of the electricity and gas you use and how you use it.Write down the different activities you do that use gas or electricity and how often you do them in an energy journal.Listening 2To be continued Further Listening Use your energy journal to help you set a

16、 lower target for your energy use each month.For example,if your energy bill is$100 one month,try lowering your bill to$80,or by 20 percent the next month.Try to reduce the amount of energy you use by making gradual changes to your lifestyle.You will see that making small changes each month can have

17、 a big impact on the amount of energy you useand help protect our beautiful planet!Listening 2Further ListeningListening 31.Dont waste energy drying your dishes in the dishwasher.Dry them by hand instead of using energy by drying them in the dishwasher.2.Cut back on your use of hot water.Take a five

18、-minute shower,or use only four inches(10 centimeters)of water in your bath.3.Keep track of your electric bills.Make a chart of how much energy you use,and watch the numbers go down every month.4.Recycle all of your cans,bottles,and paper.Recycled materials consume much less energy than new material

19、s.5.Unplug computers,printers,TVs,and cell phone chargers when you arent using them.They use electricity even when they are turned offup to eight percent of your electric bill!Unit 2 2Book 2 Culture and TraditionFurther ListeningA|Read the questions.Then listen to a talk about cowboy life and cultur

20、e and answer the questions.What was the job of cowboys in the 1800s?_ _ _2.How long did cowboys generally work in a year?_ _ Listening 1The job of cowboys in the 1800s was tomove the cattle in Texas to a railroad townin big cattle drives.Cowboys generally worked for four months.Further ListeningList

21、ening 1Answer Keys1.F(Only 10 cowboys could take more than 3,000 cattle to a railroad town.)2.F(24 years old.)3.T4.T5.TFurther ListeningIn the 1800s,cowboys worked with cattle all across the western region of the United States.An important factor in the cowboys work was the railroad.Most cattle were

22、 in Texas,but the railroad was more than 1,000 miles(1,609 kilometers)away.Cowboys moved the cattle there in big cattle drives.Experts estimate that in a cattle drive,only 10 cowboys could take more than 3,000 cattle to a railroad town.Cowboys typically worked for about four months,and received all

23、their pay at the end.Then they spent it very quickly in the town.The average cowboy was only 24 years old.Working alone with their cattle,cowboys developed some very interesting customs.For example,at night,some cowboys would sing to the cattle to keep them quiet.Some traditional American songs came

24、 from these singing cowboys.Cowboys have not disappearedTo be continued Listening 1Further Listeningcompletely,but there are not nearly as many as there were in the past.One reason for this is very few young people want to workso hard for so little money,so the cowboys way of life is endangered.Alth

25、ough the number of actual cowboys has decreased,there are many people who help preserve aspects of the cowboy culture.For example,cowboy hats and boots are very popular,especially in the western part of the United States,and many placesstill have rodeos.Listening 1Further ListeningListening 2At a ch

26、arreada in Mexico,cowboys called“charros”compete in teams.Further ListeningA|Read the questions.Then listen to a conversation between students and their professor and answer the questions.Listening 2Which country has the first real cowboys?_Are there still cowboys in that country?Are all the cowboys

27、 the same in that country?_ _ _ _ _ _Mexico has the worlds first real cowboys.There are still cowboys in Mexico,but theyre not all the same.There are charros,who ride their horses in contests,so its mostly a sport or hobby for them.There are also vaqueros,who work with cattle every day,so for them b

28、eing a cowboy is their work.Further ListeningB|Listen again and complete the chart.Listening 2Charros They _ in contests called charreadas.They do it as a _.For them,it is mostly _.To be continued ride their horseshobbya sport or a hobby.Further ListeningListening 2Vaqueros They _ every day.They do

29、it as a _.For them,it is _.B|Listen again and complete the chart.work with cattlejobtheir workFurther ListeningEmily:You said that Mexico had the first real cowboys.Are there still cowboys today?Professor Daley:Yes,there are.Theyre workers who live with the cattle and take care of them.Some ranches

30、are very large and cattle need to be moved from place to place,so yes,there are still cowboys.Li:You also talked about two kinds of cowboys in Mexico.Could you explain that?Professor Daley:Sure.The most famous cowboys in Mexico are the charros.They ride their horses in contests called charreadas.The

31、 other kind of cowboys are the vaquerosthe ones who work with cattle every day.Listening 2To be continued Further ListeningLi:I still dont understand.Professor Daley:Let me explain.Some Mexican cowboys do it as a hobby,and others do it as a job.For the charros,its mostly a sport,or a hobby.For the v

32、aqueros,its their work.Li:So,what you mean is that Manuel Rodriguez is a vaquero,and not a charro.Professor Daley:Exactly!Emily:Do you mean that charros arent really cowboys?Professor Daley:No,charros are a part of the tradition,but many of them dont do it as actual work.What I mean is,they are cowb

33、oysbut it isnt a job.Listening 2Further ListeningDictation.Listen to a passage about bagpipes and write down what you hear.Altogether the passage will be read to you four times.During the first reading,which will be done at normal speed,listen and try to understand the meaning.For the second and thi

34、rd readings,the passagewill be read sentence by sentence,or phrase by phrase,with intervals of 15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.Listening 3Further ListeningBagpipes are a very old musical instrument.They have a bag that ho

35、lds air,and one or more small pipes that make the notes of the music.The player blows air into the bag,and then the air comes out slowly through the pipes to make the sound.There are holes in the pipes that the player covers with his or her fingers to play different notes.Bagpipes have a long histor

36、y.Musicians in ancient Rome played a similar instrument with an airbag and pipes.Today,the most famous bagpipes are in Scotland and Ireland,but there are many different instruments like this in different regions of Europe,North Africa,and the Middle East.Listening 3Unit 3 3A Thirsty WorldBook 2 Furt

37、her ListeningListening 1Answer Keys1.T2.T3.T4.F(Australians main use of water is for agriculture.)5.F(Farmers use water from rivers and underground reservoirs for farming.)Further ListeningB|Read the sentences.Then listen again and complete the sentences with what you hear.Listening 11.Australia is

38、considered to be one of the _ continents in the world,and water is very _ in many regions.2.Years ago,many parts of the country experienced a _a time of extremely dry _.3.The government made rules about use of water for things such as gardens,swimming pools,and _.4.Farms produce rice,grapes,oranges,

39、_,and many other foods,and these _ a lot of water.driest scarcedroughtshowers cattle requireTo be continued weatherFurther ListeningB|Read the sentences.Then listen again and complete the sentences with what you hear.Listening 15.Some parts of Australia have had more _ amounts of rain recently,while

40、 in many other places there,the _ continues.6.Other countries may also face urgent _ about water use like Australia has.normalcrisisdecisionsFurther ListeningWater is important in any country,but in Australia,it is the most important resource.Australia is one of the driest continents in the world,an

41、d water is very scarce in many regions.The normal amount of rain in some places is only one inch(25 millimeters)per year.Several years ago,the rain stopped falling in Australia,and many parts of the country soon experienced a droughta time of extremely dry weather.Children in some towns have never s

42、een rain in their whole lives.It was a crisis for the entire country,and many people were very worried.The government had to decide how to allocate water for different uses.Rules were made about domestic use of water for things such as gardens,swimming pools,and showers.To be continued Listening 1Fu

43、rther ListeningSome water is also needed for industry because the country makes cars,ships,and machines.But Australians main use of water is for agriculture.Farms produce rice,grapes,oranges,cattle,and many other foods,and these require a lot of water.Instead of rain,Australia uses water from rivers

44、 and underground reservoirs for farming.Some parts of Australia have had more normal amounts of rain recently,but in many places there,the crisis continues.And with the earths climate getting hotter,other countries will face urgent decisions about water use like Australia has.Listening 1Further List

45、eningA|Read the questions and answer choices.Then listen to a talk about PlayPumps and choose the correct answers.Listening 21.What was the traditional way for some rural Africans to get clean water?a.They asked a taxi driver to carry water for them.b.They pumped water from the well in their village

46、.c.They walked to a far-off well to carry water back.2.Who would do the traditional chore of carrying water?a.Women and girls.b.Men and boys.c.Boys and girls.c aFurther ListeningB|Read the questions.Then listen again and answer the questions.Listening 21.How heavy are the traditional water container

47、s the people were using?And how far did they have to go to get water?_ _ _2.What may be the main parts of a PlayPump?_ _ _ _The traditional water containers weigh about 40 pounds(18 kilograms),and people walked eight kilometers to get the water.One main part is the merry-go-round part that children

48、turn.It operates a pump underground.Another main part might be a large tank where the water is stored.Further ListeningB|Read the questions.Then listen again and answer the questions.Listening 23.Why have the PlayPump locations become a center of social activity?_ _ _The PlayPump locations have beco

49、me a center of social activity because children can play there and adults can gather while they collect the water.Further ListeningIn rural Africa,clean water is a luxury.Many small villages in Africa dont have access to clean water.Most people dont have plumbing in their homes.Instead,they often mu

50、st walk long distances to wells and haul heavy containers of water back.Traditionally,people must walk eight kilometers to get water,and carry very heavy containers that weigh about 40 pounds(18 kilograms).A new invention called the PlayPump is changing life in many villages.It uses a childrens toy

51、called a merry-go-round to provide clean water.As the merrygo-round spins,it pumps clean water up from deep underground and stores it in a huge tank.People are welcome to come and help themselves to the water.Listening 2To be continued Further ListeningPatricia Molope,17,explains that before her Sou

52、th African village got a PlayPump,people would pay a taxi driver to take them to a far-off well.“Sometimes the taxi drivers were busy,and we would have to go without bathing in order to save our water.It was too far to walk there.But now we have our own clean water in our village,and life is better.

53、”The exhausting chore of carrying water traditionally falls to women and girls.Hauling water for milesand hourseach day is such a big job,it sometimes prevents girls from being able to attend school.Thanks to the PlayPump,getting water is quick and easyand even boys join in.The pumps have become a c

54、enter of social activity where kids and adults gather to visit while collecting water.Listening 2Further Listening1.Brazil has more fresh water available for its people than any other country.2.Farmers require 911 gallons(3,449 liters)of water to produce 2.2 pounds(one kilogram)of rice.3.Clean water

55、 is very important for staying healthy.About one million people die each year from drinking dirty water.4.Melting snow and ice is a fast and easy way to provide drinking water for people in cold places.5.China has built more than 22,000 dams to manage water for different uses such as electricity.Lis

56、tening 3To be continued Further Listening6.Scientists say that 13 gallons(49 liters)of water per day is enough for one person.7.You can collect water in a desert with just a sheet of plastic and an empty can.8.Water is a renewable resource,so we can use the same water again and again.9.The Nile Rive

57、r in Africa(the longest river in the world)flows through four different countries.10.People in Australia use the smallest amount of water of any country in the world.Listening 3Unit 4 4Inside the BrainBook 2 Further ListeningA|Listen to some facts about our brains and match the parts of the brain wi

58、th their functions.Listening 1 Parts of the Brain 1.amygdala 2.Neurons3.hypothalamus Functionsa.Controlling body temperatureb.sending messagesc.reading other peoples faces and understanding their emotionsFurther ListeningB|Read the questions.Then listen again and answer the questions.Listening 1Is i

59、t true that we only use 10 percent of our brains?Why or why not?_ _2.What should we do if we want to change our brain structure quickly?_ _ _ _ _ Its false.Each part of the brain has a function,so we use 100 percent of our brains.Learning something new can change the structure of the brain in just s

60、even days.If we want to change our brain structure quickly,we should try learning a new skill like juggling or playing a musical instrument.Further Listening3.How many thoughts can an average person experience a day?_ _4.Why do we say that the brain is a“powerful”organ?_ _ _ _ _ B|Read the questions

61、.Then listen again and answer the questions.Listening 1The average person experiencesapproximately 70,000 thoughts a day.Because when a person is awake,his or herbrain generates between 10 and 23 wattsof electricityor enough power to power alight bulb.Further Listening1.Every time you have a new tho

62、ught or recall a memory,your brain creates a new connection or pathway.2.Even without words,you can understand when someone is happy,sad,or angry.There is a small area in your brain called the amygdala that helps you“read”other peoples faces and understand their moods.3.The belief that we only use a

63、 tiny amount(10 percent)of our brains is false.Each part of the brain has a function,so we use 100 percent of our brains.4.Learning something new can change the structure of the brain in just seven days.If you want to change your brain quickly,you should try learning a new skill like juggling or pla

64、ying a musical instrument.To be continued Listening 1Further Listening5.The things you do,eat,smell,and touch every day all generate thoughts.The average person experiences approximately 70,000 thoughts a day.6.Your brain is an amazing,complex organ.It contains more than 100 billion neurons that are

65、 always sending messages.But not all neurons are the samedifferent neurons send messages at different speeds.7.Every time you think,laugh,or sneeze,its because chemical signals are moving from neuron to neuron.Your brain is a very powerful organ.In fact,when you are awake,your brain generates betwee

66、n 10 and 23 watts of electricityor enough power to power a light bulb.Listening 1Further Listening8.The hypothalamus is the part of your brain that controls your body temperature.It knows your correct body temperature(98.6 degrees Fahrenheit/37 degrees Celsius).When you get too hot,it makes you sweat.When you get too cold,it makes you shiver.Listening 1Further ListeningA|Read the sentences.Then listen to a report about love and the brain and complete the sentences with the words in the box.Liste