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1、URBAN PLANNING PRINCIPLEDENG Zhaohua,School of Architecture,SCUTPlanning&Design for Residential Area1.Concept1.Concept2.Urban form2.Urban form3.Sunlight3.Sunlight4.Public facilities4.Public facilities5.Roads5.Roads6.Greening 6.Greening 1.Concepts1929 Neighborhood Unit1929 Neighborhood Unit1 1SizeSiz
2、e2 2BoundaryBoundary3 3Open spaceOpen space4.4.LocationLocation5.5.Local shopsLocal shops6.6.Inner roadsInner roads1.ConceptsSoviet Union,EuropeSoviet Union,EuropeNot limited under the Not limited under the primary schools servicesprimary schools servicesThe use of Neighbourhood Unit:Residential Dis
3、trictHierarchyResidential districtResidential clusterResidential grouphousehold1000016000300050003001000population3000050000100001500010003000Land use in Residential AreaDistrictClusterGroup Public buildingResidenceRoadPublic greenTotal2.Urban formLinearPeripheralDot-groupMixedFree-styleGroupsBlockS
4、patial organization:contrast Spatial organization1）elements：Hard elements：buildings,walls,pavementsSoft elements:trees,grass,water2）spatial division:Private,semi-private,Semi-public,publicEnclosure a.Garden square,b.Linear garden,c.Square+Linear gardennDifferent level of space:nDifferent degree of s
5、cale,enclosure and permeabilityScale of the enclosure3.Sunlight&distanceSunlight standardsStandard:according to the household sunlight gain:time or qualityDistance from southern building:the long edgeChinas urban planning standard Calculation of sunlight distancetanh=(H-H1)/D,Sunlight distance：D=(H-
6、H1)/tanh；OrientationTime for sunlight gain,strength of sunlight,wind direction,topographyConsider:Winter sunlight gain,Prevent summer direct sunlight,Summer ventilation,Winter prevent direct north wind,TopographyVentilationto strengthen summer ventilation in hot area,to dry the damp area,prevent win
7、ter cold in the north.Relationship with building distance,urban form and windload4.Public servicesTypologyTo meet the daily needs:Education,Health care,Culture and entertainment,Shops,Postal services,Public utilities,Administration,OthersUse sequence Frequent usekindergarten,primary school,middle sc
8、hool,shopsNon-frequent usehealth care,hotel,public safety Profit-wise Profit-orientedkindergarten,book store,hotel,shopsNon-profitprimary school,public security,street officeContents of residential public servicesStandards Number of services,Land mass,Total floor space,Per thousand person/householdS
9、tandardsHierarchy of residential public serviceDistrict GroupBlock Service radiusResidential district 800-1000mResidential block 400-500mResidential group 150-200mCommercial service locationEducational facilitiesMiddle school(district),primary school(block),kindergarten(group)Primary school:10%of th
10、e population;Middle school:9.3%of the population.Childcare and KindergartensStudents per class:Childcare：medium 15-20,large 21-25.kindergarten：small20-25,medium 26-30,large31-35.Number of class:Small scale:3-6Medium scale:6-12Large scale:12-15Health/sanitation serviceConsider:Population:classificati
11、on,Individual land with convenient transport,Quiet and far from pollution,Distance from school,childcareDiscussionResidential public services:Profit-oriented vs non-profit servicesPlanned marketGovernment market5.RoadsHierarchyResidential districtredline20-30m，vehicle lane width 9-14m，pedestrian lan
12、e width 2-4m,Residential blockredline10-14m，vehicle lane width 7-9m，pedestrian lane width 1.5-2m,Residential groupredline8-10m，vehicle lane width 5-7m,Building entrance 2.5m.34 categoriesRoad design principles-Topography,climate,land mass,spatial structure,surrounding conditions,residence habit-Traf
13、fic calming,-Classification,-VentilationModelsVehicle and pedestrian:SeparationMixture1920s American Radburn modelSeparationRoad systemCul-de-sacringmixedRing inner and outerInner ring roadOuter ring roadParkingground parking,underground parking,street parking,concentrated parking,scattered parking6
14、.GreeningPrincipleService radiusFor different ageKeep original vegetationLocal characteristicEconomic Knot LineDistrictFunctionsPublic green:Sunlight,sport facilitiesOutdoor livesNatural environmentForm封闭型院落式组团绿地 Enclosed greenOpen greenGreen next to buildingOverseas residential design Seaside,Florida Overseas residential design Millennium Village,LondonThank you!
城市规划原理课件：11 residential design
