2023年山西工商(经企)管理硕士入学考试(GMAT)考试考前冲刺卷

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1、2023年山西工商(经企)管理硕士入学考试(GMAT)考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Which of the following, if true, would provide most support for concluding from the survey results described above that the use of illegal drugs by people below the age of 20 is declining? (

2、A) Changes in the level of drug use by high school seniors are seldom matched by changes in the level of drug use by other people below the age of 20. (B) In the past, high school seniors were consistently the population group most likely to use illegal drugs and most likely to use them heavily. (C)

3、 The percentage of high school seniors who use illegal drugs is consistently very similar to the percentage of all people below the age of 20 who use illegal drugs. (D) The decline revealed by the surveys is the result of drug education programs specifically targeted at those below the age of 20. (E

4、) The number of those surveyed who admit to having sold illegal drugs has declined even faster than has the number who have used drugs. 2.The level of lead contamination in United States rivers declined between 1975 and 1985. Federal regulations requiring a drop in industrial discharges of lead went

5、 into effect in 1975, but the major cause of the decline was a 75 percent drop in the use of leaded gasoline between 1975 and 1985. Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim that the major cause of the decline in the level of lead contamination in United States rives was the decline i

6、n the use of leaded gasoline? (A) The level of lead contamination in United States rivers fell sharply in both 1975 and 1983. (B) Most of the decline in industrial discharges of lead occurred before 1976, but the largest decline in the level of river contamination occurred between 1980 and 1985. (C)

7、 Levels of lead contamination in rivers fell sharply in 1975-1976 and rose very slightly over the next nine years. (D) Levels of lead contamination rose in those rivers where there was reduced river flow due to drought. (E) Although the use of leaded gasoline declined 75 percent between 1975 and 198

8、5, 80 percent of the decline took place in 1985. 3.Despite the approach of winter, oil prices to industrial customers are exceptionally low this year and likely to remain so. Therefore, unless the winter is especially severe, the price of natural gas to industrial customers is also likely to remain

9、low. Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the conclusion above? (A) Long-term weather forecasts predict a mild winter. (B) The industrial users who consume most natural gas can quickly and cheaply switch to using oil instead. (C) The largest sources of supply for both oil a

10、nd natural gas are in subtropical regions unlikely to be affected by winter weather. (D) The fuel requirements of industrial users of natural gas are not seriously affected by the weather. (E) Oil distribution is more likely to be affected by severe winter weather than is the distribution of natural

11、 gas. 4.Residents of an apartment complex are considering two possible plans for collecting recyclable trash. Plan 1Residents will deposit recyclable trash in municipal dumpsters located in the parking lot. The trash will be collected on the first and the fifteenth days of each month. Plan 2Resident

12、s will be given individual containers for recyclable trash. The containers will be placed at the curb twice a week for trash collection. Which of the following points raised at a meeting of the residents, if valid, would most favor one of the recycling plans over the other? (A) Residents will be req

13、uired to exercise care in separating recyclable trash from nonrecyclable trash. (B) For trash recycling to be successful, residents must separate recyclable bottles and cans from recyclable paper products. (C) Penalties will be levied against residents who fail to sort their trash correctly. (D) Ind

14、ividual recycling containers will need to be made of a strong and durable material. (E) Recyclable trash that is allowed to accumulate for two weeks will attract rodents. 5.Human beings can see the spatial relations among objects by processing information conveyed by light. Scientists trying to buil

15、d computers that can detect spatial relations by the same kind of process have so far designed and built stationary machines. However, these scientists will not achieve their goal until they produce such a machine that can move around in its environment. Which of the following, if true, would best s

16、upport the prediction above? (A) Human beings are dependent on visual cues from motion in order to detect spatial relations. (B) Human beings can often easily detect the spatial relations among objects, even when those objects are in motion. (C) Detecting spatial relations among objects requires dra

17、wing inferences from the information conveyed by light. (D) Although human beings can discern spatial relations through their sense of hearing, vision is usually the most important means of detecting spatial relations. (E) Information about the spatial relations among objects can be obtained by noti

18、cing such things as shadows and the relative sizes of objects. 6.Most geologists believe oil results from chemical transformations of hydrocarbons derived from organisms buried under ancient seas. Suppose, instead, that oil actually results from bacterial action on other complex hydrocarbons that ar

19、e trapped within the Earth. As is well known, the volume of these hydrocarbons exceeds that of buried organisms. Therefore, our oil reserves would be greater than most geologists believe. Which of the following, if true, gives the strongest support to the argument above about our oil reserves? (A) M

20、ost geologists think optimistically about the Earth's reserves of oil. (B) Most geologists have performed accurate chemical analyses on previously discovered oil reserves. (C) Ancient seas are buried within the Earth at many places where fossils are abundant. (D) The only bacteria yet found in o

21、il reserves could have leaked down drill holes from surface contaminants. (E) Chemical transformations reduce the volume of buried hydrocarbons derived from organisms by roughly the same proportion as bacterial action reduces the volume of other complex hydrocarbons. 7.Woodsmoke contains dangerous t

22、oxins that cause changes in human cells. Because woodsmoke presents such a high health risk, legislation is needed to regulate the use of openair fires and wood-burning stoves. Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the argument above? (A) The amount of dangerous toxins conta

23、ined in woodsmoke is much less than the amount contained in an equal volume of automobile exhaust. (B) Within the jurisdiction covered by the proposed legislation, most heating and cooking is done with oil or natural gas. (C) Smoke produced by coal-burning stoves is significantly more toxic than smo

24、ke from woodburning stoves. (D) No significant beneficial effect on air quality would result if open-air fires were banned within the jurisdiction covered by the proposed legislation. (E) In valleys where wood is used as the primary heating fuel, the concentration of smoke results in poor air qualit

25、y. 8.Today's low gasoline prices make consumers willing to indulge their preference for larger cars, which consume greater amounts of gasoline as fuel. So United States automakers are unwilling to pursue the development of new fuelefficient technologies aggressively. The particular reluctance of

26、 the United States automobile industry to do, so, however, could threaten the industry's future. Which of the following, if true, would provide the most support for the claim above about the future of the United States automobile industry? (A) A prototype fuel-efficient vehicle, built five years

27、 ago, achieves a very high 81 miles per gallon on the highway and 63 in the city, but its materials are relatively costly. (B) Small cars sold by manufacturers in the United States are more fuel efficient now than before the sudden jump in oil prices in 1973. (C) Automakers elsewhere in the world ha

28、ve slowed the introduction of fuel-efficient technologies but have pressed ahead with research and development of them in preparation for a predicted rise in world oil prices. (D) There are many technological opportunities for reducing the waste of energy in cars and light trucks through weight, aer

29、odynamic drag, and braking friction. (E) The promotion of mass transit over automobiles as an alternative mode of transportation has encountered consumer resistance that is due in part to the failure of mass transit to accommodate the wide dispersal of points of origin and destinations for trips. 9.

30、In Swartkans territory, archaeologists discovered charred bone fragments dating back 1 million years. Analysis of the fragments, which came from a variety of animals, showed that they had been heated to temperatures no higher than those produced in experimental campfires made from branches of white

31、stinkwood, the most common tree around Swartkans. Which of the following, if true, would, together with the information above, provide the best basis for the claim that the charred bone fragments are evidence of the use of fire by early hominids? (A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building mat

32、erial by the present-day inhabitants of Swartkans. (B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires. (C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the archaeologists to form the complete skeletons of several animals. (D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is

33、reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as many as 500 thousand years ago. (E) The bone fragments were found in several distinct layers of limestone that contained primitive cutting tools known to have been used by early hominids. 10.The pharmaceutical industry argues that because new drugs

34、will not be developed unless heavy development costs can be recouped in later sales, the current 20 years of protection provided by patents should be extended in the case of newly developed drugs. However, in other industries newproduct development continues despite high development costs, a fact th

35、at indicates that the extension is unnecessary. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the pharmaceutical industry's argument against the challenge made above? (A) No industries other than the pharmaceutical industry have asked for an extension of the 20-year limit on patent pro

36、tection. (B) Clinical trials of new drugs, which occur after the patent is granted and before the new drug can be marketed, often now take as long as 10 years to complete. (C) There are several industries in which the ratio of research and development costs to revenues is higher titan it is in the p

37、harmaceutical industry. (D) An existing patent for a drug does not legally prevent pharmaceutical companies from bringing to market alternative drugs, provided they are sufficiently dissimilar to the patented drug. (E) Much recent industrial innovation has occurred in productsfor example, in the com

38、puter and electronics industriesfor which patent protection is often very ineffective. 11.Passengers must exit airplanes swiftly after accidents, since gases released following accidents are toxic to humans and often explode soon after being released. In order to prevent passenger deaths from gas in

39、halation, safety officials recommend that passengers be provided with smoke hoods that prevent inhalation of the gases. Which of the following, if true, constitutes the strongest reason not to require implementation of the safety officials' recommendation? (A) Test evacuations showed that puttin

40、g on the smoke hoods added considerably *o the overall time it took passengers to leave the cabin. (B) Some airlines are unwilling to buy the smoke hoods because they consider them to be prohibitively expensive. (C) Although the smoke hoods protect passengers from the toxic gases, they can do nothin

41、g to prevent the gases from igniting. (D) Some experienced flyers fail to pay attention to the safety instructions given on every commercial flight before takeoff. (E) In many airplane accidents, passengers who were able to reach emergency exits were overcome by toxic gases before they could exit th

42、e airplane. 12.Caterpillars off all species produce an identical hormone called juvenile hormone that maintains feeding behavior. Only when a caterpillar has grown to the right size for pupation to take place does a special enzyme halt the production of juvenile hormone. This enzyme can be synthesiz

43、ed and will, on being ingested by immature caterpillars, kill them by stopping them from feeding. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the view that it would not be advisable to try to eradicate agricultural pests that go through a caterpillar stage by spraying croplands with the

44、enzyme mentioned above? (A) Most species of caterpillar are subject to some natural predation. (B) Many agricultural pests do not go through a caterpillar stage. (C) Many agriculturally beneficial insects go through a caterpillar stage. (D) Since caterpillars of different species emerge at different

45、 times, several sprayings would be necessary. (E) Although the enzyme has been synthesized in the laboratory, no large-scale production facilities exist as yet. 13.Because postage rates are rising, Home Decorator magazine plans to maximize its profits by reducing by one half the number of issues it

46、publishes each year. The quality of articles, the number of articles published per year, and the subscription price will not change. Market research shows that neither subscribers nor advertisers will be lost if the magazine's plan is instituted. Which of the following, if true, provides the str

47、ongest evidence that the magazine's profits are likely to decline if the plan is instituted? (A) With the new postage rates, a typical issue under the proposed plan would cost about one-third more to mail than a typical current is, sue would. (B) The majority of the magazine's subscribers ar

48、e less concerned about a possible reduction in the quantity of the magazine's articles than about a possible loss of the current high quality of its articles. (C) Many of the magazine's long-time subscribers would continue their subscriptions even if the subscription price were increased. (D

49、) Most of the advertisers that purchase advertising space in the magazine will continue to spend the same amount on advertising per issue as they have in the past. (E) Production costs for the magazine are expected to remain stable. 14.One variety of partially biodegradable plastic beverage containe

50、r is manufactured from small bits of plastic bound together by a degradable bonding agent such as cornstarch. Since only the bonding agent degrades, leaving the small bits of plastic, no less plastic refuse per container is produced when such containers are discarded than when comparable nonbiodegra

51、dable containers are discarded. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above? (A) Both partially biodegradable and nonbiodegradable plastic beverage containers can be crushed completely flat by refuse compactors. (B) The partially biodegradable plastic beverage containers are

52、 made with more plastic than comparable nonbiodegradable ones in order to compensate for the weakening effect of the bounding agents. (C) Many consumers are ecology-minded and prefer to buy a product sold in the partially biodegradable plastic beverage containers rather than in nonbiodegradable cont

53、ainers, even if the price is higher. (D) The manufacturing process for the partially biodegradable plastic beverage containers results in less plastic waste than the manufacturing process for nonbiodegradable plastic beverage containers. (E) Technological problems with recycling currently prevent th

54、e reuse as food or beverage containers of the plastic from either type of plastic beverage container. 15.Naturalist: For decades we have known that the tuatara, a New Zealand reptile, have been approaching extinction on the South Island. But since South Island tuatara were thought to be of the same

55、species as North Island tuatara there was no need to protect them. But new research indicates that the South Island tuatara are a distinct species, found only in that location. Because it is now known that if the South Island tuatara are lost an entire species will thereby be lost, human beings are

56、now obliged to prevent their extinction, even if it means killing many of their unendangered natural predators. Which one of the following principles most helps to justify the naturalists' argumentation? (A) In order to maximize the number of living things on Earth, steps should be taken to pres

57、erve all local populations of animals. (B) When an animal is in danger of dying, there is an obligation to help save its life, if doing so would not interfere with the health or well-being of other animals or people. (C) The threat of local extinction imposes no obligation to try to prevent that ext

58、inction, whereas the threat of global extinction does impose such an obligation. (D) Human activities that either intentionally or unintentionally threaten the survival of an animal species ought to be curtailed. (E) Species that are found in only one circumscribed geographical region ought to be gi

59、ven more care and attention than are other species because they are more vulnerable to extinction. 16.If the public library shared by the adjacent towns of Redville and Glenwood were relocated from the library's current, overcrowded building in central Redville to a larger, available building in

60、 central Glenwood, the library would then be within walking distance of a larger number of library users. That is because there are many more people living in central Glenwood than in central Redville, and people generally will walk to the library only if it is located close to their homes. Which on

61、e of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument? (A) The public library was located between Glenwood and Redvilte before being moved to its current location in central Redville. (B) The area covered by central Glenwood is approximately the same size as that covered by central Redville. (C

62、) The building that is available in Glenwood is smaller than an alternative building that is available in Redville. (D) Many of the people who use the public library do not live in either Glenwood or Redville. (E) The distance that people currently walk to get to the library is farther than what is

63、generally considered walking distance. 17.For the writers who first gave feudalism its name, the existence of feudalism presupposed the existence of a noble class. Yet there cannot be a noble class, properly speaking, unless both the titles that indicate superior noble status and the inheritance of

64、such titles are sanctioned by law. Although feudalism existed in Europe as early as the eighth century, it was not until the twelfth century, when many feudal institutions were in decline, that the hereditary transfer of legally recognized titles of nobility first appeared. The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following claims? (A) To say that feudalism by definition requires the existence of a nobility is to employ a definition that distorts history. (B) Prior to the twelfth century, the instituti