2023年山西考研英语考试真题卷

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1、2023年山西考研英语考试真题卷 本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。 一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Text 2If the opinion polls are to be believed, most Americans are coming to trust their government more than they used to. The habit has not yet spread widely among American Indians,

2、 who suspect an organization which has so often patronized them, lied to them and defrauded them. But the Indians may soon win a victory in a legal battle that epitomizes those abuses.Elouise Cobell, a banker who also happens to be a member of the Blackfeet tribe in Montana, is the leading plaintiff

3、 in a massive class-action suit against the government. At issue is up to $10 billion in trust payments owed to some 500,000 Indians. The suit revolves around Individual Indian Money (11M) accounts that are administered by the Interior Department’s Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Back in the 1

4、880s, the government divided more than 11m acres of tribal land into parcels of 80 to 160 acres that were assigned to individual Indians. Because these parcels were rarely occupied by their new owners, the government assumed responsibility for managing them. As the Indians’ trustee, it leased

5、the land out for grazing, logging, mining and oil drilling -- but it was supposed to distribute the royalties to the Indian owners.In fact, officials admit that royalties have been lost or stolen. Records were destroyed and the government lost track of which Indians owned what land. The plaintiffs s

6、ay that money is owing to 500,000 Indians, but even the government accepts a figure of about 300,000. For years, Cobell heard Indians complain of not getting payment from the government for the oil-drilling and ranching leases on their land. But nothing much got done. She returned to Washington and,

7、 after a brush-off from government lawyers, filed the suit.Gale Norton, George Bushes interior secretary was charged with contempt in November because her department had failed to fix the problem. In December, Judge Lam berth ordered the interior Department to shut down all its computers for ten wee

8、ks because trustfund records were vulnerable to hackers. The system was partly restored last month and payments to some Indians, which had been interrupted, resumed.And that is not the end of it. Ms Norton has proposed the creation of a new Bureau of Indian Trust Management, separate from the BIA. I

9、ndians are cross that she suggested this without consulting them. Some want the trust funds to be placed in receivership, under a neutral supervisor. Others have called for Congress to establish an independent commission, including Indians, to draw up a plan for reforming the whole system. A messy i

10、njustice may at last be getting sorted out.Elouise Cobell criticized the Interior Department's BIA for（） A．its leasing land out for exploitation. B．its distribution of money collected. C．its supposed misconduct of abuses. D．its reaction to a massive action. 2.Text 2If the opinion polls are to

11、 be believed, most Americans are coming to trust their government more than they used to. The habit has not yet spread widely among American Indians, who suspect an organization which has so often patronized them, lied to them and defrauded them. But the Indians may soon win a victory in a legal bat

12、tle that epitomizes those abuses.Elouise Cobell, a banker who also happens to be a member of the Blackfeet tribe in Montana, is the leading plaintiff in a massive class-action suit against the government. At issue is up to $10 billion in trust payments owed to some 500,000 Indians. The suit revolves

13、 around Individual Indian Money (11M) accounts that are administered by the Interior Department’s Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Back in the 1880s, the government divided more than 11m acres of tribal land into parcels of 80 to 160 acres that were assigned to individual Indians. Because these

14、 parcels were rarely occupied by their new owners, the government assumed responsibility for managing them. As the Indians’ trustee, it leased the land out for grazing, logging, mining and oil drilling -- but it was supposed to distribute the royalties to the Indian owners.In fact, officials a

15、dmit that royalties have been lost or stolen. Records were destroyed and the government lost track of which Indians owned what land. The plaintiffs say that money is owing to 500,000 Indians, but even the government accepts a figure of about 300,000. For years, Cobell heard Indians complain of not g

16、etting payment from the government for the oil-drilling and ranching leases on their land. But nothing much got done. She returned to Washington and, after a brush-off from government lawyers, filed the suit.Gale Norton, George Bushes interior secretary was charged with contempt in November because

17、her department had failed to fix the problem. In December, Judge Lam berth ordered the interior Department to shut down all its computers for ten weeks because trustfund records were vulnerable to hackers. The system was partly restored last month and payments to some Indians, which had been interru

18、pted, resumed.And that is not the end of it. Ms Norton has proposed the creation of a new Bureau of Indian Trust Management, separate from the BIA. Indians are cross that she suggested this without consulting them. Some want the trust funds to be placed in receivership, under a neutral supervisor. O

19、thers have called for Congress to establish an independent commission, including Indians, to draw up a plan for reforming the whole system. A messy injustice may at last be getting sorted out.When mentioning "the government accepts a figure of about 300,000", the writer is trying to illustrate（）

20、A．lies and defraud to which American Indians are exposed. B．the strong confidence American Indians have in their government. C．doubts about government as shown in the opinion polls. D．the arrogance as displayed by government officials as a whole. 3.Text 2If the opinion polls are to be believed,

21、most Americans are coming to trust their government more than they used to. The habit has not yet spread widely among American Indians, who suspect an organization which has so often patronized them, lied to them and defrauded them. But the Indians may soon win a victory in a legal battle that epito

22、mizes those abuses.Elouise Cobell, a banker who also happens to be a member of the Blackfeet tribe in Montana, is the leading plaintiff in a massive class-action suit against the government. At issue is up to $10 billion in trust payments owed to some 500,000 Indians. The suit revolves around Indivi

23、dual Indian Money (11M) accounts that are administered by the Interior Department’s Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Back in the 1880s, the government divided more than 11m acres of tribal land into parcels of 80 to 160 acres that were assigned to individual Indians. Because these parcels were

24、rarely occupied by their new owners, the government assumed responsibility for managing them. As the Indians’ trustee, it leased the land out for grazing, logging, mining and oil drilling -- but it was supposed to distribute the royalties to the Indian owners.In fact, officials admit that roya

25、lties have been lost or stolen. Records were destroyed and the government lost track of which Indians owned what land. The plaintiffs say that money is owing to 500,000 Indians, but even the government accepts a figure of about 300,000. For years, Cobell heard Indians complain of not getting payment

26、 from the government for the oil-drilling and ranching leases on their land. But nothing much got done. She returned to Washington and, after a brush-off from government lawyers, filed the suit.Gale Norton, George Bushes interior secretary was charged with contempt in November because her department

27、 had failed to fix the problem. In December, Judge Lam berth ordered the interior Department to shut down all its computers for ten weeks because trustfund records were vulnerable to hackers. The system was partly restored last month and payments to some Indians, which had been interrupted, resumed.

28、And that is not the end of it. Ms Norton has proposed the creation of a new Bureau of Indian Trust Management, separate from the BIA. Indians are cross that she suggested this without consulting them. Some want the trust funds to be placed in receivership, under a neutral supervisor. Others have cal

29、led for Congress to establish an independent commission, including Indians, to draw up a plan for reforming the whole system. A messy injustice may at last be getting sorted out.It seems that the write is very critical of（） A．American Indians in a class-action. B．officials who are in charge of t

30、he suit. C．government agencies at all levels. D．those who have the land over-developed. 4.Text 2If the opinion polls are to be believed, most Americans are coming to trust their government more than they used to. The habit has not yet spread widely among American Indians, who suspect an organizat

31、ion which has so often patronized them, lied to them and defrauded them. But the Indians may soon win a victory in a legal battle that epitomizes those abuses.Elouise Cobell, a banker who also happens to be a member of the Blackfeet tribe in Montana, is the leading plaintiff in a massive class-actio

32、n suit against the government. At issue is up to $10 billion in trust payments owed to some 500,000 Indians. The suit revolves around Individual Indian Money (11M) accounts that are administered by the Interior Department’s Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Back in the 1880s, the government divi

33、ded more than 11m acres of tribal land into parcels of 80 to 160 acres that were assigned to individual Indians. Because these parcels were rarely occupied by their new owners, the government assumed responsibility for managing them. As the Indians’ trustee, it leased the land out for grazing,

34、 logging, mining and oil drilling -- but it was supposed to distribute the royalties to the Indian owners.In fact, officials admit that royalties have been lost or stolen. Records were destroyed and the government lost track of which Indians owned what land. The plaintiffs say that money is owing to

35、 500,000 Indians, but even the government accepts a figure of about 300,000. For years, Cobell heard Indians complain of not getting payment from the government for the oil-drilling and ranching leases on their land. But nothing much got done. She returned to Washington and, after a brush-off from g

36、overnment lawyers, filed the suit.Gale Norton, George Bushes interior secretary was charged with contempt in November because her department had failed to fix the problem. In December, Judge Lam berth ordered the interior Department to shut down all its computers for ten weeks because trustfund reco

37、rds were vulnerable to hackers. The system was partly restored last month and payments to some Indians, which had been interrupted, resumed.And that is not the end of it. Ms Norton has proposed the creation of a new Bureau of Indian Trust Management, separate from the BIA. Indians are cross that she

38、 suggested this without consulting them. Some want the trust funds to be placed in receivership, under a neutral supervisor. Others have called for Congress to establish an independent commission, including Indians, to draw up a plan for reforming the whole system. A messy injustice may at last be g

39、etting sorted out.From the text, we can see that the writer' overall attitude towards the issue seems to be（） A．sensitive. B．gloomy. C．optimistic. D．scared. 5.Text 2If the opinion polls are to be believed, most Americans are coming to trust their government more than they used to. The habit h

40、as not yet spread widely among American Indians, who suspect an organization which has so often patronized them, lied to them and defrauded them. But the Indians may soon win a victory in a legal battle that epitomizes those abuses.Elouise Cobell, a banker who also happens to be a member of the Blac

41、kfeet tribe in Montana, is the leading plaintiff in a massive class-action suit against the government. At issue is up to $10 billion in trust payments owed to some 500,000 Indians. The suit revolves around Individual Indian Money (11M) accounts that are administered by the Interior Department&rsquo

42、;s Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Back in the 1880s, the government divided more than 11m acres of tribal land into parcels of 80 to 160 acres that were assigned to individual Indians. Because these parcels were rarely occupied by their new owners, the government assumed responsibility for managing

43、 them. As the Indians’ trustee, it leased the land out for grazing, logging, mining and oil drilling -- but it was supposed to distribute the royalties to the Indian owners.In fact, officials admit that royalties have been lost or stolen. Records were destroyed and the government lost track of

44、 which Indians owned what land. The plaintiffs say that money is owing to 500,000 Indians, but even the government accepts a figure of about 300,000. For years, Cobell heard Indians complain of not getting payment from the government for the oil-drilling and ranching leases on their land. But nothin

45、g much got done. She returned to Washington and, after a brush-off from government lawyers, filed the suit.Gale Norton, George Bushes interior secretary was charged with contempt in November because her department had failed to fix the problem. In December, Judge Lam berth ordered the interior Depar

46、tment to shut down all its computers for ten weeks because trustfund records were vulnerable to hackers. The system was partly restored last month and payments to some Indians, which had been interrupted, resumed.And that is not the end of it. Ms Norton has proposed the creation of a new Bureau of I

47、ndian Trust Management, separate from the BIA. Indians are cross that she suggested this without consulting them. Some want the trust funds to be placed in receivership, under a neutral supervisor. Others have called for Congress to establish an independent commission, including Indians, to draw up

48、a plan for reforming the whole system. A messy injustice may at last be getting sorted out.Which of the following is TRUE according the text（） A．Trust funds have been placed in the hands of American Indians. B．American Indians should become increasingly vocal for justice. C．Payments owed to Ame

49、rican Indian have been indefinitely delayed. D．BIA reaped great rewards by deliberately destroying trust-fund records. 6.Text 3The Tuscan town of Vinci, birthplace of Leonardo and home to a museum of his machines, should fittingly put on a show of the television-robot sculptures of Nam Jun Paik. T

50、his Koreanborn American artist and the Renaissance master are kindred spirits: Leonardo saw humanistic potential in his scientific experiments, Mr Paik endeavors to harness media technology for artistic purposes. A pioneer of video art in the late 1960s, he treats television as a space for art image

51、s and as material for robots and interactive sculptures.Mr Paik was not alone. He and fellow artists picked on the video cameras because they offered an easy way to record their performance art. Now, to mark video art’s coming of age, New York’s Museum of Modern Art is looking back at th

52、eir efforts in a film series called The First Decade. It celebrates the early days of video by screening the archives of Electronic Arts Intermix (EAI), one of the world’s leading distributors of video and new media art, founded 30 years ago.One of EAI’s most famous alumni is Bill Viola.

53、 Part of the second generation of video artists, who emerged in the 1970s, Mr Viola experimented with video’s expressive potential. His camera explores religious ritual and universal ideas. The Viola show at the Deutsche Guggenheim in Berlin shows us moving-image frescoes that cover the galler

54、y walls and envelop the viewer in all-embracing cycles of life and death.One new star is a Californian, Doug Aitken, who took over London’s Serpentine Gallery last October with an installation called New Ocean. Some say Mr Aitken is to video what Jackson Pollock was to painting. He drips his i

55、mages from floor to ceiling, creating sequences of rooms in which the space surrounds the viewer in hallucinatory images, of sound and light.At the Serpentine, Mr Aitken created a collage of moving images, on the theme of water’s flow around the planet as a force of life. I wanted to create a

56、new topography in this work, a liquid image, to show a world that never stands still, he says. The boundary between the physical world and the world of images and information, he thinks, is blurring.The interplay of illusion and reality, sound and image, references to art history, politics, film and

57、 television in this art form that is barely 30 years old can make video art difficult to define. Many call it film-based or moving-image art to include artists who work with other cinematic media. At its best, the appeal of video art lies in its versatility, its power to capture the passing of time

58、and on its ability to communicate both inside and outside gallery walls.Which of the following would the best title for the text（） A．A New Generation of Artists. B．Video Art is Going Nowhere. C．A Cradle of Famous Artists. D．New Art for the MTV Generation. 7.Text 3The Tuscan town of Vinci, bir

59、thplace of Leonardo and home to a museum of his machines, should fittingly put on a show of the television-robot sculptures of Nam Jun Paik. This Koreanborn American artist and the Renaissance master are kindred spirits: Leonardo saw humanistic potential in his scientific experiments, Mr Paik endeav

60、ors to harness media technology for artistic purposes. A pioneer of video art in the late 1960s, he treats television as a space for art images and as material for robots and interactive sculptures.Mr Paik was not alone. He and fellow artists picked on the video cameras because they offered an easy

61、way to record their performance art. Now, to mark video art’s coming of age, New York’s Museum of Modern Art is looking back at their efforts in a film series called The First Decade. It celebrates the early days of video by screening the archives of Electronic Arts Intermix (EAI), one o

62、f the world’s leading distributors of video and new media art, founded 30 years ago.One of EAI’s most famous alumni is Bill Viola. Part of the second generation of video artists, who emerged in the 1970s, Mr Viola experimented with video’s expressive potential. His camera explores

63、religious ritual and universal ideas. The Viola show at the Deutsche Guggenheim in Berlin shows us moving-image frescoes that cover the gallery walls and envelop the viewer in all-embracing cycles of life and death.One new star is a Californian, Doug Aitken, who took over London’s Serpentine G

64、allery last October with an installation called New Ocean. Some say Mr Aitken is to video what Jackson Pollock was to painting. He drips his images from floor to ceiling, creating sequences of rooms in which the space surrounds the viewer in hallucinatory images, of sound and light.At the Serpentine

65、, Mr Aitken created a collage of moving images, on the theme of water’s flow around the planet as a force of life. I wanted to create a new topography in this work, a liquid image, to show a world that never stands still, he says. The boundary between the physical world and the world of images

66、 and information, he thinks, is blurring.The interplay of illusion and reality, sound and image, references to art history, politics, film and television in this art form that is barely 30 years old can make video art difficult to define. Many call it film-based or moving-image art to include artists who work with other cinematic media. At its best, the appeal of video art lies in its versatility, its power to capture the passing of time and on its ability to communicate both inside and outside