选修六Unit3AhealthylifeLanguagepoints知识点

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1、选修六Unit3-A-healthy-life-Language-points知识点 Its seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.考点考点 此句中的此句中的it是形式主语，真正的是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语是后面的that考例考例 _ felt funny watching myself on TV.(2007II)One B.ThisC.It D.That点拨点拨 此句中的此句中的it是形式主语，真正的是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语是后面的

2、watching myself on TV。表示因果关系的词和短语表示因果关系的词和短语because从属连词从属连词,接从句接从句,表示所叙述的理表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点由是本句的重点;assince从属连词从属连词,接从句接从句,表示理由是已知的表示理由是已知的,而理由以外才是叙述的而理由以外才是叙述的重点重点;for并列连词并列连词,不用于句首不用于句首,至于第一至于第一分句之后分句之后,补充说明理由补充说明理由;第一分句表示推第一分句表示推测时测时,用用for说明推测的依据。说明推测的依据。because of 介词介词,意思是意思是“由于由于”,较口较口语化语化owing to

3、介词介词,意思是意思是“因为因为”,较正式较正式thanks to 介词介词,意思是意思是“多亏了多亏了”as a result of 介词介词,意思是意思是“因为因为”Line 7:Your mother tells me that you have started smoking and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.find it adj.to do sth.我觉得把这个句子翻译成英语很容易。我觉得把这个句子翻译成英语很容易。我发现要记住这么多语法很难。我发现要记住这么多语法很难。I find/think it easy t

4、o translate the sentence into English.I find it difficult to remember so many grammars.4.addicted adj.“对某某上瘾对某某上瘾”,“沉沉湎于某某湎于某某”e.g.My children have become hopelessly addicted to television.我的几个孩子都成了电视迷我的几个孩子都成了电视迷,简直简直不可救药了。不可救药了。构词法构词法addict n.吸毒成瘾的人吸毒成瘾的人addiction n.沉湎、成瘾沉湎、成瘾addictive adj.使人上瘾的使人

5、上瘾的addict常用于下列结构常用于下列结构:addict oneself to sth.be addicted to sth.be addicted to doing sth.沉溺于某物沉溺于某物专心做某事专心做某事The parents felt helpless when they found their son had _ love stories for long.A.addicted B.addicted toC.addicted himselfD.been addicted to5.This means that after a while your body becomes

6、accustomed to having nicotine in it.翻译翻译 这就是说，过了一段时间以后，这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。考点考点 become accustomed to意为意为“习惯习惯于于”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或是介词，后接名词、代词或动词动词-ing形式。形式。常用句式常用句式1)accustom+名词名词/oneself+to+名名e.g.Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。孩子们很快就会

7、适应新环境。2)be accustomed to+名词名词e.g.I am accustomed to walking long distances.我习惯与长距离步行。我习惯与长距离步行。3)get/become accustomed to+名词名词e.g.You will soon get accustomed to the job.你将会习惯于这个工作。你将会习惯于这个工作。注意注意:在英语中在英语中,to 有时为动词不定式符号有时为动词不定式符号,后跟后跟动词原形动词原形;有时用作介词有时用作介词,后跟名词、代词、后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的或动名词。下面的这些短语中的

8、to 均为介均为介词。词。stick to 坚持坚持 lead to 导致导致,通向通向pay a visit to 参观参观 sentence sb.to 宣判某人宣判某人 come to 谈到谈到,涉及涉及 see to 处理，负责处理，负责 be up to 总计总计 devoteto 致力于致力于 get down to 开始开始/着手着手考例考例 Accustomed to _ the steep mountain,he had no difficulty reaching the top.(上海上海2005春春)A.climbing B.climb C.having climbed

9、 D.have climbed点拨点拨 to为介词，后跟动词为介词，后跟动词-ing形式形式,不不能跟现在分词的完成式，故选能跟现在分词的完成式，故选A。_smoking is harmful to ones health.众所周知，吸烟对健康有害众所周知，吸烟对健康有害。The sun heats the earth,_ is very important to us.太阳让地球变暖，这对我们来说很重要太阳让地球变暖，这对我们来说很重要。As we knowwhichLine 15:As you know,if you do the same thing over and over agai

10、n,you begin to do it automatically.你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。as此处为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，置于句首，指代此处为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，置于句首，指代后面整个主句所表达的意思。后面整个主句所表达的意思。as,whichas,which均可引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句所表达的均可引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句所表达的整个意思，相当于整个意思，相当于and thisand this或或and thatand that。在从句中可以作主。在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

11、但不同之处主要有两点：语或宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：（1 1）asas引导的定语从句可置于句首，而引导的定语从句可置于句首，而whichwhich则不可。则不可。（2 2）as as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用只能用which which。as/which引导非限制性定语从句：引导非限制性定语从句：(1)“as+adj./adv.+as+(1)“as+adj./adv.+as+主语主语+其他其他”或或“not so/as+

12、not so/as+adj./adv.+as+adj./adv.+as+主语主语+其他其他”，意为：像，意为：像/不像不像那样。那样。(2)as(2)as引导时间、原因、方式状语从句引导时间、原因、方式状语从句:意为意为“当当时候；时候；因为；按照；正如因为；按照；正如”(3)as(3)as引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句:构成构成“adj./adv./v.adj./adv./v./n.+as+/n.+as+主语主语+其他其他”的倒装结构，意为的倒装结构，意为“虽然虽然；尽；尽管管”。(4)as(4)as引导定语从句：引导定语从句：当先行词被当先行词被suchsuch修饰时；修饰时；当先行词被

13、当先行词被the samethe same修饰时；修饰时；asas指代前面或后面所提到的句子，通常指代前面或后面所提到的句子，通常asas后面跟后面跟 know,expect,show,report,believe,announce,be know,expect,show,report,believe,announce,be known,be expectedknown,be expected等。等。as的常见用法小结：的常见用法小结：即学即用即学即用(1)(1)他非常喜欢她，却又羞于告诉她。他非常喜欢她，却又羞于告诉她。,he is,he is shy of telling her.shy

14、of telling her.(2)(2)正如我们预料的那样，她得了高分。正如我们预料的那样，她得了高分。She got a good She got a good mark,mark,.(3)(3)照我告诉你的去做。照我告诉你的去做。Do it Do it .(4)(4)正如他所说，我们无法完成那项工作。正如他所说，我们无法完成那项工作。,we could not finish the work.,we could not finish the work.(5)(5)她没有她的妹妹聪明。她没有她的妹妹聪明。She is notShe is not (is clever).(is clever

15、).Very much as he likes herVery much as he likes heras was expectedas was expectedas I told youas I told youAs he saidAs he saidso clever as her sisterso clever as her sisterLine 18:I did finally manage.Line 23:However,what I did know was thatLine 30:I do hope so because I want you to livedo/does/di

16、d+动词原形，用于肯定句和祈使句中，表示强调。动词原形，用于肯定句和祈使句中，表示强调。注意：只用于强调谓语动词。注意：只用于强调谓语动词。强调谓语以外的成分可使用：强调谓语以外的成分可使用：It is/was that他英语说得确实好。他英语说得确实好。过马路千万要小心。过马路千万要小心。我是在街上碰见他的。我是在街上碰见他的。He does speak English well.Do be careful when crossing the street.It was in the street that I met him.7.When I was taken off the schoo

17、l football team because I was unfit,I knew it was time to quit smoking.考点考点 quit意为意为“停止（做某事）停止（做某事）”，常，常用于用于quit doing sth.结构。结构。考例考例 Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people _ smoking.(上海上海2005春春)A.quit B.decline C.depart D.reserve点拨点拨 根据句意根据句意“医生们正在研究以医生们正在研究以便发现当

18、人们戒烟时，他们身体上便发现当人们戒烟时，他们身体上将会发生什么情况。将会发生什么情况。”选选A。decline下降；下降；depart 起程；起程；reserve预订。预订。Line 19:I didnt know,for example,that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.点拨点拨 该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。第二个宾语该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。第二个

19、宾语从句从句that 不能省略。不能省略。I dont know.or.I dont know.or.这个句型译为这个句型译为“我不知道我不知道,也也不知道不知道”e.g.:I dont know where to go or what to do.e.g.:I dont know where to go or what to do.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。我们相信你很老实，也相信你已告诉了我们实情。我们相信你很老实，也相信你已告诉了我们实情。We believe(that)you are honest and that We believe(that)yo

20、u are honest and that youve told us the truth.youve told us the truth.Line 22:Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the heath of non-smokers.Line 1:it is not easy to stop smoking,but millions have managed to quit and so can you.neither/nor+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词,表示否定的情况；表示否定的情况；so+be/助

21、动词助动词/情态动词，表示肯定的情况。情态动词，表示肯定的情况。她不喜欢英语，我也是。她不喜欢英语，我也是。我已经掌握了这个用法，她也是。我已经掌握了这个用法，她也是。She doesnt like English,neither do I.I have mastered the use of it,so have she.注意：注意：so+主语主语+助动词，表示助动词，表示“的确，确实如此的确，确实如此”Translate the following sentences,pay attention to the use of“take off”youd better take off you

22、r coat if you feel hot.2.The plane should take off on time.3.When she saw me coming,she took off in the opposite direction.4.The policeman had been taken off the case because of some reason.5.It was in the 1950s,when he was already in his fifties,that his career as a poet began to take off.脱掉，摘掉脱掉，摘

23、掉起飞起飞匆匆离开，急忙离开匆匆离开，急忙离开调离，解除调离，解除突然大受欢迎，事业腾飞突然大受欢迎，事业腾飞take on take over take up take advantage of take down 开始从事，占据开始从事，占据接管，接任接管，接任呈现呈现利用利用 make use ofset down记下，拆除记下，拆除 该是我们认真学习的时候了。该是我们认真学习的时候了。2.2.昨天晚上是我们第一次同学聚会。（昨天晚上是我们第一次同学聚会。（get togetherget together）Line 27:I knew it was time to quit smokin

24、g.It is/was time(for sb.)to do sth.It is(high/about)time that sb.did/should do sth.It is/was the first(second)time that sb.have/has done sth./had done sth.Its time for us to study hard.Its high time that we studied/should study hard.Its the first time that my classmates and I have got together.I sup

25、pose/think/imagine soI suppose/think/imagine so等有两种否定形式：等有两种否定形式：I dont suppose/think/imagine soI dont suppose/think/imagine so 或或 I suppose/think/imagine not.I suppose/think/imagine not.但是，但是，hopehope和和afraidafraid的否定形式通常只用的否定形式通常只用I hope notI hope not 或或Im afraid not.Im afraid not.Line30:I do hope

26、 so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望你把烟戒掉，我的确希望你把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。so表示表示“这样这样,如此如此”，可用来替代整个句子或某一情况的全部。，可用来替代整个句子或某一情况的全部。常与动词常与动词think,expect,hope,believe,suppose,imagine,guess等及形容词等及形容词afraid连用。连用。Line 6:Every time you feel like smoking a

27、cigarette,remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.every time 在此句中引导时间状语，表示在此句中引导时间状语，表示“每次每次的时候的时候”翻译：每次我去看她，她总是忙于工作。翻译：每次我去看她，她总是忙于工作。Every time I go to see her,she is always busy Every time I go to see her,she is always busy working.working.下列用法均可做连词：下列用法均可做连词：the first time the first time 第一次第一

28、次的时候的时候the moment/minute/immediately/instantly the moment/minute/immediately/instantly 一一.就就.every time=each time every time=each time 每次每次的时候的时候last time last time 上次上次next time next time 下次下次by the time by the time 到到为止为止 第一次见到他的时候，我就喜欢他了。第一次见到他的时候，我就喜欢他了。2.2.最后一次见到她的时候，她正在工作。最后一次见到她的时候，她正在工作。3.3.一放假，我总是去看我最好的朋友。一放假，我总是去看我最好的朋友。I fell in love with him the first time I saw him.The last time I saw her,she was working.I always go too see my best friend immediately we have a holiday.Translation