2023年甘肃考研英语考试考前冲刺卷

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1、2023年甘肃考研英语考试考前冲刺卷 本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。 一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Text 3 There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiar fashion during the work of analysis. When one speaks hopefully to them or expresses satisfaction with the progress of

2、 the treatment, they show signs of discontent and their condition invariably becomes worse. One begins by regarding this as defiance and as an attempt to prove their superiority to the physician, but late one comes to take a deeper and juster view. One becomes convinced, not only that such people ca

3、nnot endure any praise or appreciation, but that they react inversely to the progress of the treatment. Every partial solution that ought to result, and in other people does result, in an improvement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces in them for the time being an intensification of thei

4、r illness; they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better. They exhibit what is known as a negative therapeutic reaction. There is no doubt that there is something in these people that sets itself against their recovery, and its approach is dreaded as though it were a danger. We are a

5、ccustomed to say that the need for illness has got the upper hand in them over the desire for recovery. If we analyze this resistance in the usual way--then, even after fixation to the various forms of gain from illness, the greater part of it is still left over; and this reveals itself as the most

6、powerful of all obstacles to recovery, more powerful than the familiar ones of narcissistic inaccessibility, a negative attitude towards the physician and clinging to the gain from illness. In the end we come to see that we are dealing with what may be called a moral factor, a sense of guilt, which

7、is finding satisfaction in the illness and refuses to give up the punishment of suffering. We shall be right in regarding this disencouraging explanation as final. But as far as the patient is concerned this sense of guilt is dumb; it does not tell him he is guilty, he feels iii. This sense of guilt

8、 expresses itself only as a resistance to recovery which it is extremely difficult to overcome. It is also particularly difficult to convince the patient that this motive lies behind his continuing to be iii; he holds fast to the more obvious explanation that treatment by analysis is not the fight r

9、emedy for his case.It can be inferred from the text that the author feels that（） A．certain people behave in a particularly fashionable way. B．the need for illness has overcome the desire for recovery. C．the patients who are content with their illness are felling guilty. D．the symptom of invers

10、e reaction to treatment is past remedy. 2.Text 3 There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiar fashion during the work of analysis. When one speaks hopefully to them or expresses satisfaction with the progress of the treatment, they show signs of discontent and their condition invariably

11、becomes worse. One begins by regarding this as defiance and as an attempt to prove their superiority to the physician, but late one comes to take a deeper and juster view. One becomes convinced, not only that such people cannot endure any praise or appreciation, but that they react inversely to the

12、progress of the treatment. Every partial solution that ought to result, and in other people does result, in an improvement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces in them for the time being an intensification of their illness; they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better. The

13、y exhibit what is known as a negative therapeutic reaction. There is no doubt that there is something in these people that sets itself against their recovery, and its approach is dreaded as though it were a danger. We are accustomed to say that the need for illness has got the upper hand in them ove

14、r the desire for recovery. If we analyze this resistance in the usual way--then, even after fixation to the various forms of gain from illness, the greater part of it is still left over; and this reveals itself as the most powerful of all obstacles to recovery, more powerful than the familiar ones o

15、f narcissistic inaccessibility, a negative attitude towards the physician and clinging to the gain from illness. In the end we come to see that we are dealing with what may be called a moral factor, a sense of guilt, which is finding satisfaction in the illness and refuses to give up the punishment

16、of suffering. We shall be right in regarding this disencouraging explanation as final. But as far as the patient is concerned this sense of guilt is dumb; it does not tell him he is guilty, he feels iii. This sense of guilt expresses itself only as a resistance to recovery which it is extremely diff

17、icult to overcome. It is also particularly difficult to convince the patient that this motive lies behind his continuing to be iii; he holds fast to the more obvious explanation that treatment by analysis is not the fight remedy for his case.According to the author, it would be more reasonable to th

18、ink that the patients who exhibit dissatisfaction with the treatment are（） A．openly resisting the treatment of the physician. B．intentionally holding the physician in contempt. C．spontaneously responding contrary to the physician's expectations. D．purposely disregarding the praise or appre

19、ciation by the physician. 3.Text 4 Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A naked cockspur hawthorn tree stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind. But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety. Especially 20, 000 square feet o

20、f gardens. On it’s roof. As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its urban heat islands, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment. Heat islands dark surfaces in t

21、he city, like rooftops-soak up heat. The retention can bake a building, making it stubborn to cooling. The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the stre

22、et below. The garden will provide greenery and shade. And that, said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days. The project savings from cooling is about $ 4, 000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. The

23、 sprawling open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on a multitiered bed of special soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and waterproof membrane mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life. The design calls for soil depths

24、 of 4 inches in 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of compost laid, the garden will have circular brick steppingstones winding up two hills. The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall and get people involved

25、 and understanding their impact on the environment and how the little things that we can make an impact on the quality of life, Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air. Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in

26、Chicago. Arms of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment. Richard M. Daley, who urged the environment department to look into the project after noticing rooft

27、op gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country. It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 specieswild onion and butterfly weed, sky blue aster and buffalo grassto provide data on what species adapt best. Sma

28、ll plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.Why should the rooftop garden be build on the top of City Hall other than on any other buildings（） A．Because the City Hall is large. B．Because the mayor had urged the environmental department to do so. C．Because it can make people un

29、derstand their impact on environment better through a public building. D．Because the experts just want to make the City Hall a convenient laboratory. 4.Text 4 Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A naked cockspur hawthorn tree stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend

30、 in the wind. But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety. Especially 20, 000 square feet of gardens. On it’s roof. As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce i

31、ts urban heat islands, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment. Heat islands dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops-soak up heat. The retention can bake a building, making it stubborn to cooling. The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Stre

32、et in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below. The garden will provide greenery and shade. And that, said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days. The project savings from c

33、ooling is about $ 4, 000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. The sprawling open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on a multitiered bed of special soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and waterproof membrane mall to keep the

34、 roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life. The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches in 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of compost laid, the garden will have circular brick steppingstones winding up two hi

35、lls. The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall and get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment and how the little things that we can make an impact on the quality of life, Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also hel

36、p to clear the air. Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly consciou

37、s about the environment. Richard M. Daley, who urged the environment department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country. It will hold thousands of plants in more t

38、han 150 specieswild onion and butterfly weed, sky blue aster and buffalo grassto provide data on what species adapt best. Small plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.The word "substantially" (Para. 5, Line2) most likely means（） A．a little bit. B．in fact. C．materially. D．co

39、nsiderably. 5.Text 4 Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A naked cockspur hawthorn tree stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind. But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety. Especially 20, 000 square feet of gardens. On

40、it’s roof. As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its urban heat islands, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment. Heat islands dark surfaces in the city, like

41、rooftops-soak up heat. The retention can bake a building, making it stubborn to cooling. The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below. The

42、garden will provide greenery and shade. And that, said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days. The project savings from cooling is about $ 4, 000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. The sprawling ope

43、n-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on a multitiered bed of special soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and waterproof membrane mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life. The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches i

44、n 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of compost laid, the garden will have circular brick steppingstones winding up two hills. The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall and get people involved and understan

45、ding their impact on the environment and how the little things that we can make an impact on the quality of life, Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air. Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms

46、of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment. Richard M. Daley, who urged the environment department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in

47、Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country. It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 specieswild onion and butterfly weed, sky blue aster and buffalo grassto provide data on what species adapt best. Small plants requ

48、iring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.Which of the following statements is TRUE accorching to the text（） A．Every year, Chicago spends about $ 4,000 on cooling the city. B．The design of the garden on the City Hall specially takes weight the roof can stand into consideration. C．The Mayo

49、r urged the environmental department to look into rooftop gardens in Hamburg and build similar ones in America. D．Heat islands mainly refer to those dark colored rooftops which receive and retain heat and will not easily release the heat. 6.Text 4 Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green gr

50、ass grows. A naked cockspur hawthorn tree stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind. But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety. Especially 20, 000 square feet of gardens. On it’s roof. As one of a handful of similar projects around the coun

51、try, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its urban heat islands, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment. Heat islands dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops-soak up heat. The retention can bake a building, making it stub

52、born to cooling. The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below. The garden will provide greenery and shade. And that, said the city official

53、s, will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days. The project savings from cooling is about $ 4, 000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. The sprawling open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on a multitiered bed of sp

54、ecial soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and waterproof membrane mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life. The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches in 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last

55、bit of compost laid, the garden will have circular brick steppingstones winding up two hills. The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall and get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment and how the little things that we c

56、an make an impact on the quality of life, Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air. Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in

57、 Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment. Richard M. Daley, who urged the environment department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of

58、 its kind on a public building in the country. It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 specieswild onion and butterfly weed, sky blue aster and buffalo grassto provide data on what species adapt best. Small plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.The rooftop garden proje

59、ct（） A．is common and popular in the country. B．is a demonstration project and costs the city government 1.5 million dollars. C．will make the ordinary cooling down of the city in summer unnecessary. D．aims at getting people involved and understanding their impact on the environment. 7.Text 4 H

60、ere amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A naked cockspur hawthorn tree stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind. But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety. Especially 20, 000 square feet of gardens. On it’s roof. As one

61、 of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its urban heat islands, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment. Heat islands dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops-soak up heat.

62、The retention can bake a building, making it stubborn to cooling. The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below. The garden will provide gre

63、enery and shade. And that, said the city officials, will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days. The project savings from cooling is about $ 4, 000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. The sprawling open-air rooftop garden is

64、 being carefully built on a multitiered bed of special soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and waterproof membrane mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life. The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches in 18 inches. When the l

65、ast plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of compost laid, the garden will have circular brick steppingstones winding up two hills. The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall and get people involved and understanding their impact on th

66、e environment and how the little things that we can make an impact on the quality of life, Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air. Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment. Richard M. Daley, who urged the envir