2023年山东考研英语考试真题卷

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1、2023年山东考研英语考试真题卷 本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。 一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.According to the passage, the most ambitious effort to control pollution____ A：[A]could help improve the local economy B：[B]will be financially supported by the truckers C：[C]may

2、depend on independent contractors D：[D]will upgrade all the trucks to reduce pollution 2.The reforms threaten the port's competitiveness in that____ A：[A]the truckers' unionization would raise the cost of the ports B：[B]truckers working at the docks are price-takers C：[C]the Teamsters' union wo

3、uld have little bargaining power D：[D]environmental groups are not enthusiastic about the plans 3.Humor, which ought to give rise to only the most light-hearted and gay feelings, can often stir up vehemence and animosity. Evidently it is dearer to us than we realize. Men will take almost any kind

4、of criticism except the observation that they have no sense of humour. A man will admit to being a coward or a liar or a thief or a poor mechanic or a bad swimmer, but tell him he as a dreadful sense of humour and you might as well have slandered his mother. Even if he is civilized enough to pretend

5、 to make light of your statement, he will still secretly believe that he has not only a good sense of humour but are superior to most. He has, in other words, a completely blind spot on the subject. This is all the more surprising when you consider that not one man in ten million can give you any ki

6、nd of intelligent answer as to what humour is or why he laughs. A：One day when I was about twelve years old, it occurred to me to wonder about the phenomenon of laughter. At first I thought it is easy enough to see what I laugh at and why I am amused, but why at such times do I open my mouth and ex

7、hale in jerking gasps and wrinkle up my eyes and throw back my head and halloo like an animal? Why do I not instead rap four times on the top of my head or whistle or whirl about? B：That was over twenty years ago and I am still wondering, except that I now no longer even take my first assumption fo

8、r granted, I no longer clearly understand why I laugh at what amuses me nor why things are amusing. I have illustrious company in my confusion, of course, Many of the great minds of history have brought their power of concentration to bear on the mystery of humour, and, to date, their conclusions ar

9、e so contradictory and ephemeral that they cannot possibly be classified as scientific. C：Many definitions of the comic are incomplete and many are simply rewording of things we already 4.The writer feels that the answer to the mystery of humour given by the great minds of history is____ A：[A] di

10、spassionate B：[B] unsatisfactory C：[C] satisfactory D：[D] intelligent 5.The word "rutabagas" is inserted in Para. 4 to____ A：[A] support the writer's opinion on Aristotle's explanation of humour B：[B] show his agreement with Aristotle's definition C：[C] explain Aristotle's definition of the r

11、idiculous D：[D] prove that the ridiculous is that which is incongruous but represents neither danger nor pain 6.The paragraph following will most likely discuss____ A：[A] the writer's intelligent definition of humour B：[B] more theories about the mystery of laughter C：[C] why there is humour D

12、：[D] the mystery of humour 7.The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your body's ability to fight off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in pla

13、nt-based foods—fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes—is the body's best weapon in thwarting many health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cance

14、r will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones. A：Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles that have scant nutritional value.

15、Up to 70 percent of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight. In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more imp

16、ortant in preventing the disease than not eating fat. "The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot stronger several years ago than it does now," says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Institute for Cancer Research. B：The road to

17、strong bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skel 8.____ percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized

18、high-fat, high-calorie edibles. A：[A] 30-40 B：[B] 40-50 C：[C] 50-60 D：[D] 60-70 9.According to the passage, cancers may take some healthy steps other than____ A：[A] stop smoking B：[B] exercise regularly C：[C] take non-fat diet D：[D] control their weight 10.To understand how astrology works

19、, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Although the stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphe

20、re. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth's axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they defin

21、e, maintains fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australian maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars. A：The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, b

22、ut the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had an independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, a

23、t the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year. B：The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however, changes its position relatively rapidly. Although it appears

24、to rise and set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon's path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth's path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from th 11.W

25、hich of the following is true about the motion of the moon? A：[A] The moon and the sun are moving in the same plane. B：[B] The moon revolved along the ecliptic. C：[C] The moon moves faster than the sun. D：[D] The position of the moon can be found changed in an hour's time. 12.It is stated in as

26、trology that____ A：[A] the sun is so distant from us that it was hard to follow its motion B：[B] the sun was moving westward around the sky C：[C] the motion of the sun is at the rate of about thirty degrees every week D：[D] the motion of the sun is similar to the revolution of the earth around t

27、he sun 13.All the other five planets____ A：[A] always appear near the path of the sun B：[B] are moving in a way more complicated than the earth does C：[C] aren't moving around the sun as independently as the earth does D：[D] are moving around the sun at the same speed as the earth does 14.Ther

28、e is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically full-time work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary service____1____(VSO)for young people before they take up full-time em

29、ployment,____2____ there are opportunities for overseas service for____3____ technicians in developing countries. Some people,____4____ those who retire early,____5____ their technical and business skills in countries____6____ there is a special need. A：So in considering voluntary or ___7___ commun

30、ity service, there are more opportunities than there ___8___ were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small full-time ___9___, and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organization

31、s， and values may be different. ___10___ some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not ___11___ them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different ___12___, both personal and ___13___. One should not join them ___14_

32、__ to arm them with professional experience; they must be joined with commitment to the ___15___, not business efficiency. Because salaries are ___16___ or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expense. But many retired people take part in community service for ___17___, simply because the

33、y enjoy the work. B：Many community activities possible ___18___ retiremen 15.The term massage therapy (also called massage, for short; massage also refers to an individual treatment session) covers a group of practices and techniques. There are over 80 types of massage therapy. In all of them, the

34、rapists press, rub, and otherwise manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body, often varying pressure and movement. They most often use their hands and fingers, but may use their forearms, elbows, or feet. Typically, the intent is to relax the soft tissues, increase delivery of blood a

35、nd oxygen to the massaged areas, warm them, and decrease pain. A：Massage therapy dates back thousands of years. References to massage have been found in ancient writings from many cultures, including those of Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Japan, China, Egypt, and the Indian subcontinent. In the Uni

36、ted States, massage therapy first became popular and was promoted for a variety of health purposes starting in the mid-1800s. In the 1930s and 1940s, however, massage fell out of favor, mostly because of scientific and technological advances in medical treatments. Interest in massage revived in the

37、1970s, especially among athletes. B：More recently, a 2002 national survey on Americans' use of CAM (published in 2004) found that 5 percent of the 31,000 participants had used massage therapy in the preceding 12 months, and 9.3 percent had ever used it. According to recent reviews, people use massa

38、ge for a wide variety of health-related intents: for example, to relieve pain (often from musculoskeletal conditions, but from other conditions as well); rehabilitate sports injurie 16.Which one of the following statements is true about the history of massage? A：It has a history of about several h

39、undred year B：It is only found in ancient Asia countries like China and Japan C：It lost its popularity after 1970s because of medical advance D：It had twists and turns in its development in 17.In the survey mentioned in paragraph 3, we know that 9.3 percent of the participants____ A：used massag

40、e therapy in 2002 B：used massage therapy in 2004 C：had used massage therapy at least once D：used massage therapy in 2001 18.Paragraph 4 is mainly concerned about____ A：side effects and risks of massage therapy B：safety of massage therapy C：cautions that the therapists need to follow D：the tr

41、aining processes of a qualified therapists 19.From the passage, we know that the study of massage____ A：have not got started yet B：needs more research on therapy practice C：cannot explain therapy practice at all D：can provide full explanations for therapy practice 20.It's never too early or to

42、o late for a parent to become a teacher. In this age of teacher accountability, endless school testing, increased pressure and competition, and the proliferation of "educational" toys, too many people forget that success begins at home. A：Freeman Hrabowski Ⅲ, president of the University of Marylan

43、d, Baltimore County, and co-author of Beating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males and Overcoming the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Young Women, says that in the interviews he and his co-authors conducted, the overwhelming factor in their children

44、's academic achievement was that parents inspired and envisioned their children's success. They thought and talked about what would be required to have a .successful child. B：It just makes such a difference when there's someone in that house working to relate to that child and inspire that child,"

45、Hrabowski says. "These parents (of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational in their commitment to their children." C：Professor Barbara T. Bowman, one of the faculty founders of Chicago's Erikson Institute, an independent institution of higher education that prepares child development

46、 professionals for leader- ship, says that Black chi 21.It can be inferred from the passage that the African-American culture is____ A：an important part of the mainstream culture B：the base of the mainstream culture C：different in many ways from the mainstream culture D：dependant on the mainstr

47、eam culture 22.Whether a child is interested in learning depends on____ A：the content the adult wants the children to learn B：how pleased the parents are when the children are learning C：the feedback the parents give to children at an early age D：the physical health of the children 23.The sugg

48、estion given in the last paragraph is____ A：to emphasize the importance of success for children B：to avoid pressuring the children too much C：to challenge the children as much as possible D：to use the positive effect of pressure 24.Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?

49、A：How to raise a high-achieving child B：Successful students whose parents are teachers C：Key factors for children's success D：Motivation and challenge: what do children need most? 25.Sport psychology research has documented the important rote of significant adults such as parents and coaches in

50、youth participants' psychosocial development and achievement motivation. However, the situation concerning parents and coaches in youth sport is somewhat of a conundrum—the roles of coach and parent are often synonymous, suggesting not simply an independent relationship with the child participant.

51、A：In recent years, a growing body of literature has emerged on parent influence in youth sport based on these and other theories. First, research shows that parents who are more supportive and less pressuring of their children are associated with youth participants who report higher perceived compet

52、ence, enjoyment, and intrinsic motivation toward sport. Second, parents who encourage their child's participation and exhibit enjoyment of physical activity are related to children who report higher perceived competence and attraction toward physical activity. Finally, parents who hold stronger posi

53、tive beliefs about their child's physical competence are associated with children who report higher self-perceptions, value toward sport, and physical activity levels. B：A prevalent phenomenon of North American culture is the parent-coach dual role. Most coaches in competitive youth sport are paren

54、ts of one or more of their players. Brown estimated that about 90% of the volunteer coaches in a given community are a p 26.What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A：The influences from parents to children's competence can be either positive or negative B：Parents' beliefs and behaviors are strongly

55、 related to children's psychological and behavioral outcome C：Parents who give less pressuring can raise more competitive athlete D：With the encouragement from parents, children can have inner motivations themselves 27.What does the author mean when he talked about the "dual role" of parent-coach

56、 in North American? A：Some coaches are also parents of the young athlete B：The parent-coach can give the athletes both positive aspects and pressure C：The negative influence of a parent-coach can outweigh the positive one D：A parent-coach may have different influences on individual athletes and

57、collective one 28.What are the researchers most interested to know about in their current study? A：To make sure about the positive or negative aspects of having a parent as a coach B：To interview young athletes face-to-face instead of just review the previous studies C：To find out some new persp

58、ectives to address the parent-coach/child-athlete relationship D：To include the teammates of the young athletes, not just their parents/coaches in the stud 29.According to comScore, Facebook is the leading social networking site based on monthly unique visitors, having overtaken main competitor My

59、Space in April 2008. According to Alexa, the website's ranking among all websites increased from 60th to 7th in terms of worldwide traffic, from September 2006 to September 2007, and is currently 5th. Quantcast ranks the website 15th in U.S. in terms of traffic, and Compete. com ranks it 14th in U.S

60、. A：The Internet phenomenon, which boasts 80 million users worldwide, exploded in popularity over the past year as a convenient way for Web users to communicate and share personal details with selected groups of friends or acquaintances. But grammatical errors in the automated messages Facebook use

61、s to personalize pronouns when members share information with their friends have proliferated since the site expanded from English-only into 15 new languages in recent months. B：And now, Facebook will press members to declare whether they are male or female, seeking to end the grammatical device th

62、at leads the site to refer to individual users as "they" or "themself." "We've gotten feedback from translators and users in other countries that translations wind up being too confusing when people have not specified a sex on their profiles," Facebook product manager Naomi Gleit said in a company s

63、tatement. C：In English, when users fail to specify what gender they are, Facebook defaults to some form of the gender neut 30.Which one of the following is true about Facebook? A：The websites are losing their popularity in a gradual way B：Registered user's profiles are open to anyone on the inte

64、rnet C：Only friends and acquaintances of the users have access to their profiles D：The website is in English only since English is a universal language now 31.From the passage, we know that Facebook is now faced with the problem that____ A：less and less people are paying visits to it B：people a

65、re cheating about their real gender on it C：it is difficult to tell whether an user is male or female D：users are using impropriate language there 32.From the passage, we know that in some other language than English,____ A：there is no difference between male and female in pronouns B：it is very

66、 rude to ask about the gender question on internet C：even plural form of pronouns have gender tendencies D：the singular form and plural form is the same 33.Remember Second Life, the virtual world that was supposed to become almost as important as the first one? Now populated by no more than 84,000 avatars at a time, it has turned out to be a prime example of how short-lived Internet fads can be. Yet if many adults seem to have given up on virtual worlds, those that cater to children and teena