2023年黑龙江同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试模拟卷（3）

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1、2023年黑龙江同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试模拟卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.女性，45岁，确诊为混合型颈椎病3年，未予积极治疗，近来左肩关节疼痛，不能梳头，左肩外展、后伸、外旋严重受限，三角肌轻度萎缩，肱二头肌长短头肌腱及肩关节外侧均有明显压痛。肩痛的原因是A肩部肿瘤B肩周炎C颈椎病D肩关节结核E风湿性关节炎 2.男性，59岁，发现高血压7年，1年来血压控制不稳定，且有胸闷、心悸，心率56次/分，超声心动图检测EF 0.56，胸片示左心室不扩大，考虑左心室舒张

2、功能障碍。为改善左心室顺应性，下述哪种药物最合适A受体阻断药B利尿剂C洋地黄D钙拮抗药E硝酸酯类 3.经测定，某患者的尿素清除率为70ml/min，菊粉清除率为125ml/min，两者有差异，表明该患者A肾功能减退B肾小球滤过率降低C肾小管可以吸收尿素D肾小管重吸收功能降低E肾小管重吸收功能增强 4.患者的动脉血压降低，中心静脉压增高表示A左心功能不全B全心功能不全C轻度静脉回流障碍D重度静脉回流障碍E有效循环血量减少 5.男性，65岁，昏迷10小时。血气分析：pH 7.26，PaCO282mmHg，PaO245mmHg。哪项处理不适宜A机械通气B呼吸兴奋剂C支持疗法D气管切开E高浓度给氧 6

3、.男性，45岁，Cushing综合征患者，实验室检查如下：基础水平尿17-羟、17-酮水平均明显升高，血浆ACTH水平比正常明显升高，小剂量和大剂量地塞米松抑制试验均不能使这些激素得到抑制，导致该患者Cushing综合征最可能的原因是A肾上腺腺瘤B口服糖皮质激素C异位ACTH综合征D垂体分泌ACTH亢进(Cushing病)E单纯性肥胖 7.男性，35岁，面部及下肢水肿2个月，尿液检查蛋白(+)，肾穿刺组织光镜下观察肾小球体积增大，肾小球毛细血管壁弥漫性增厚。此例患者呈哪种肾A大红肾B固缩肾C大白肾D蚤咬肾E多囊肾 8.女性，24岁。2周前发热，体温38，伴咽痛、流涕，治疗后好转。2天来感胸闷、

4、气促；心电图示ST-T、波改变，三度房室传导阻滞；化验血沉增快，CPK增高。其原因最可能是A扩张型心肌病B急性心肌炎C急性心肌梗死D急性心包炎E心脏神经官能症 9.男性，60岁。慢性支气管炎病史10年，症状加重6天入院。动脉血气分析(呼吸空气)PaO28kPa(60mmHg)，PaCO26.2kPa(55mmHg)。其低氧血症的发生机制中下列哪项不是主要的A弥散量降低B通气分布不均和通气/血流比例失调C静-动脉血分流D肺泡通气量降低E呼吸功和氧耗量增加 10.男，42岁。因左腰部阵发性绞痛，辗转不安，伴恶心，排尿不适3小时来院急诊，过去有类似发作史。检查：左肾区明显叩痛，尿常规红细胞40个/H

5、P。下一步对患者最合适的处理是A立即做排泄性尿路造影B立即B超检查C急诊核素肾图检查D取清洁中段尿做普通培养E立即应用镇痛和解痉剂 11.患者女性，28岁，右下腹痛、腹泻伴关节酸痛、低热半年，查体心肺正常，腹软，右下腹触及可疑肿块，X线钡餐检查显示回盲部有钡影跳跃征象，最可能的诊断是ACrohn病B肠结核C阿米巴痢疾D右半结肠癌E溃疡性结肠炎 12.男性，5岁，左腿烫伤后红肿、疼痛，数小时后起水疱。其病变为哪种A出血性炎B变质性炎C炎性水肿D浆液性炎E蜂窝织炎 13.男性，50余岁，脓血便半年余，直肠镜发现距肛门11cm处直肠前壁有一分叶状息肉，病理证实息肉恶变。手术治疗最宜选作A经腹切除，直

6、肠、乙状结肠端端吻合术B经腹会阴联合根治术C经腹肛管拉出切除术D乙状结肠造瘘术E经直肠病灶摘除术 14.很多酶是以无活性酶原形式合成然后被激活为有活性的酶。下列哪种蛋白水解酶是其酶原经酸激活的A胰蛋白酶B糜蛋白酶C弹性蛋白酶D胃蛋白酶E羧基肽酶 15.某患者，因长期摄入维生素A不足而导致夜盲症，其发生的原因是A视紫红质过多B视紫红质缺乏C顺视黄醛过多D视蛋白合成障碍E视紫蓝质合成过多 16.男性，23岁，24小时前因车祸引起左下肢胫骨及腓骨开放性、粉碎性骨折，入院清除固定后12小时，出现左小腿及左足青紫、肿胀，患者出现发热和全身不适。次日肿胀加剧，累及左大腿，伤口流出伴有气泡的恶臭脓汁，肿胀区

7、按之有捻发音。左小腿的坏死最可能是A干性坏疽B湿性坏疽C气性坏疽D液化性坏死E干酪样坏死 17.男，5岁，脊髓灰质炎患者，肢体肌肉萎缩，其主要原因是A失去了高位神经元对脊髓的影响B肌肉供血减少C肌肉受到病毒的侵害D失去了运动神经的营养作用E神经-肌肉接头的功能丧失 18.腺苷脱氨酸缺乏病(ADA)患者骨髓或成淋巴细胞不能产生有免疫活力的淋巴细胞，这是一种常染色体隐性免疫缺陷。可以持久治愈的治疗选择是A生殖种系基因治疗置换一个ADA基因拷贝B生殖种系基因治疗置换两个ADA基因拷贝C体细胞基因疗法置换循环淋巴细胞一个ADA拷贝D体细胞基因疗法置换循环淋巴细胞两个ADA拷贝E体细胞基因疗法置换骨髓成

8、淋巴细胞一个ADA拷贝 19.蛋白质上的氨基酸残基视环境不同可游离带电或呈中性，在血液正常的pH条件下，血清蛋白的哪个氨基酸残基呈中性A组氨酸B谷氨酸C谷氨酰胺D天冬氨酸E精氨酸 20.女性，26岁，双侧乳房胀疼1年，并触及不规则乳房肿块，伴有触痛，月经后症状有好转。诊断为A乳癌B乳腺炎C乳腺纤维腺瘤D乳腺导管内乳头状瘤E乳腺囊性增生症 21.下列关于大肠埃希菌DNA聚合酶I的叙述哪一项是正确的A具有35核酸外切酶活性B具有53核酸内切酶活性C可对复制和修复中出现的空隙进行填补DdUTP是它的一种作用物E是唯一参与大肠埃希菌DNA复制的聚合酶 22.心交感神经节后纤维释放的神经递质是A乙酰胆碱

9、B去甲肾上腺素C血管紧张素D血管升压素E缓激肽 23.在心脏功能的代偿机制中，哪项不引起心排血量增加A动脉血压升高B心率增快C心肌肥厚D钠水潴留E抗利尿激素增加 24.急性阑尾炎临床症状发生的顺序一般是A恶心呕吐、发热、右下腹疼痛B下腹痛、恶心呕吐C上腹痛、恶心呕吐、右下腹痛D右下腹痛、恶心呕吐、上腹痛E无明确顺序 25.给出的DNA序列为某基因有意义链中一段突变“热点”，也编码2125氨基酸：5CCCCCTAGGTTCAGG3。下列哪个序列为移码突变并致蛋白质合成终止(TAG=终止密码子)ACCCCCTAGGTTCAGGBGCCCCTAGGTTCAGGCCCACCCTAGGTTCAGDCCC

10、CTAGGTTCAAGGECCCCCTAGGAGG 26.变构调节的机制是A变构效应剂与酶分子结合后，可稳定其构象B变构效应剂与酶活性中心结合而阻止底物的结合C变构效应剂与酶分子必需基团结合，而使酶活化D代谢终产物往往是该途径中关键酶的变构激活剂E变构效应剂与酶分子的调节部位结合，使酶分子变构而改变活性 27.李某的朋友张某长期从事假人民币的买卖，关于李某的下列行为，说法正确的是_。A只帮助张某运输而不买卖假人民币，不构成犯罪B从张某处以低价购买假人民币自己使用，不构成犯罪C以朋友身份协助张某共同出售，只要不收取报酬就不构成犯罪D以上行为都构成犯罪 28.A: Im afraid I cant

11、 finish the book within this week.B: _APlease go ahead.BThats all right.CNot at all.DTake your tim 29.A: Do you want me to get you a cup of coffeeB: _AThanks, without sugar please.BGood. You are too generous.CWell, black or whiteDNo. I can go without it. 30.A: How about coming over for dinner tonigh

12、tB: _AId love to, but I havent packed for tomorrows flight yet.BNo. I am not hungry at all.CRight! I will be looking forward to it.DNo. I cant afford the tim 31.A: Do you mind my smoking hereB: _ANo, thank you.BNo. Thats a good idea!CYes, please.DYes. Youd better not. 32.A: You know who came yesterd

13、ayB: Yao Ming We had a football match.A: _ He came and watched the game!AYou guessed it!BHow did you know thatCWell done!DThat was good news! 33.Woman: I havent seen such a fantastic movie for ages. Dont you enjoy kMan: I have to admit that I slept through it.Question: How did the man like the movie

14、AHe didnt think much of it.BHe didnt see much of it.CHe thought the movie was very impressive.DHe thought the movie was very inspirin 34.Woman: Why not go shopping with me this afternoonMan: Oh, you know, shopping is the last thing Ill ever do.Question: What does the man meanAHe will go shopping aft

15、er he has finished all the other chores.BHe has just done his shopping.CHe dislikes shopping.DHe believes shopping is great fun. 35.Man: I really dont know what the best way is to hang this poster without damaging the wall.Woman: Perhaps you should try sellotape. It wont leave a mark.Question: What

16、does the woman meanASellotape peels off easily.BSellotape is good for the poster.CSellotape is easily available.DSellotape wont show a stain on the poster. 36.Woman: What present should we get for Bettys birthdayMan: Shes poor at math, dont you rememberQuestion: What does the man implyAThey should g

17、et her a pocket caculator.BThey should get her a pocket watch.CThey should get her a desk-top computer.DThey should get her a lap-top computer. 37.Man: How can I find some information on World War IIWoman: Well, Im not sure. Lets check the catalogue.Question: What did the woman suggestAThey can look

18、 up the catalogue for a clue.BThey should find the catalogue first.CShe is not familiar with such a subject.DShe doesnt know anything about World War I 38.The object for each player in the game of chess is to trap the other players king into a position from which escape is impossible.AskillBaimCinte

19、restDdifficulty 39.The colors red, blue, and yellow can be mixed in different combinations to make every color the human eye can distinguish.AsoakedBrankedCblendedDpurchased 40.Annies job as an assistant at the university observatory was to classify stars according to their spectrAA. locateB. photog

20、raphC. drawD. categorize41.Judgment was suspended till the following Monday because of the lack of evidence.AchangedBdiscussedCpostponedDinformed 42.Consumer groups are protesting against higher prices in this city now.Aclothing withBclinging toCcomplaining aboutDclutching with 43.During the United

21、States Civil War, many people in the South were forced to flee their home.Areturn toBpay taxes onCrun away fromDrebuild 44.Two substitutes were used during the basketball games.AplayersBcentersCrefereesDreplacements 45.It is reported that the policemen are pursuing the bank robbers in the country.Aa

22、ppealing toBchasingCapplying toDclaiming for 46.His plan should succeed without too much trouble, for it seems quite feasible.AcompleteBdecisiveCdaringDpossible 47.They have announced that the two failing firms have eventually merged.AgovernedBgreetedCcommittedDcombined 48.Ive _ that idea long ago a

23、nd now I have got some new idea about it.Agiven overBgiven offCgiven outDgiven up 49.They had to go on looking for two months before they eventually found a house that _ them.AsuitedBnoticedCadmiredDappealed 50.They were late for class for there was a _ in the traffic.Ahold-upBhold-outChold-ofDhold-on