高三英语二轮复习 阅读理解历史地理类课件

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1、历史地理类历史地理类专题导读专题专题 六六 专题导读专题导读 历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。图表供理解或参考。专题专题 六六 专题导读专题导读 文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历

2、史年代；命题以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题；涉及一史年代；命题以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有

3、关试题。题。真题再现专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 20102010重庆改编重庆改编 Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos IslandsIslands，EcuadorEcuador，watching the sun move quietly watching the sun move quietly into the seainto the sea，you shouldnt forget that Charles you shouldnt forget th

4、at Charles Darwin(18091882)arrived here in 1835.He Darwin(18091882)arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeksstayed on the islands for five weeks，observing observing various animals.This finally inspired(various animals.This finally inspired(启发启发)his)his famous workfamous work，OnOn

5、 thethe OriginOrigin ofof SpeciesSpecies.You can.You can certainly follow Darwins footsteps and enjoy a certainly follow Darwins footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.trip from four to seven days to the islands.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 The islands are certainly a paradise(The isl

6、ands are certainly a paradise(天堂天堂)for wildlifefor wildlife，as there are no natural killers on as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot is under government contro

7、l.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years agowalk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be.each day is as impressive as it could be.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 The most wellknown animal of the Galapagos The most wellknown animal of the Galapagos is t

8、he giant tortoise(is the giant tortoise(巨型陆龟巨型陆龟)，which can be which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa CruzCruz，the second largest island in the the second largest island in the archipelago(archipelago(群岛群岛)Some of these creature

9、s are so Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.by Darwin himself.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 Despite strict control over activities and Despite strict control over activities and timingtiming，your sta

10、y on the Galapagos will be your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable picturesremembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of youinches of you；feeling small sharks t

11、ouch your feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swimfeet as you swim；andand，most magicallymost magically，seeing a seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.air.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 Traveling between the islands and observing th

12、e Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwinwildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board untouched worl

13、d.At night you will sleep on board the shipthe ship，leaving the wildlife in complete leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islandsoccupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.now as they have been since the

14、 beginning of time.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现()1.What do we know about Darwins visit to)1.What do we know about Darwins visit to the islands?the islands?A.He studied different creatures on the A.He studied different creatures on the islands.islands.B.He completed his famous book on the B.He completed his famo

15、us book on the islands.islands.C.He was touched by the geography of the C.He was touched by the geography of the islands.islands.D.He was attracted by wellknown animals D.He was attracted by wellknown animals of the islands.of the islands.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现()2.Which of the following plays a role in)2.

16、Which of the following plays a role in making the islands“a paradise for making the islands“a paradise for wildlife”wildlife”？A.Animals on the islands feed on grass.A.Animals on the islands feed on grass.B.Local government forbids killing B.Local government forbids killing wildlife.wildlife.C.People

17、 cannot visit the islands as they C.People cannot visit the islands as they wish.wish.D.Tourists are not allowed to touch the D.Tourists are not allowed to touch the animals.animals.专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现()3.Your stay on the islands will be most)3.Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly be

18、cause of _.impressive mainly because of _.A.the beautiful sea views A.the beautiful sea views B.Darwins inspiring trip B.Darwins inspiring trip C.a closer view of animals C.a closer view of animals D.various daring activities D.various daring activities专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现()4.Which of the following woul

19、d be the best)4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?title for the passage?A.A Unique Attraction for Wildlife A.A Unique Attraction for Wildlife Lovers Lovers B.Galapagos as a Paradise for B.Galapagos as a Paradise for Adventurers Adventurers C.Charles Darwin as a Symbol of

20、 C.Charles Darwin as a Symbol of Galapagos Galapagos D.A Successful Example of Wildlife D.A Successful Example of Wildlife Protection Protection专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现()5.The intended readers of the passage are)5.The intended readers of the passage are those who _.those who _.A Awant to study the origin of

21、 specieswant to study the origin of species B Bare fond of traveling around the worldare fond of traveling around the world C Care interested in studying wild lifeare interested in studying wild life D Dwant to be inspired by natural beautywant to be inspired by natural beauty专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 【文章大意文

22、章大意】本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos IslandsGalapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了物物种起源种起源一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。然是旅游的好去处。1.A1.A细节理解题。由第一段细节理解题。由第一段“He stayed on the He stayed on the islands for five weeks,observing various animals.”islands for five weeks,obse

23、rving various animals.”知道达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。知道达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。2.C2.C细节理解题。由第四段细节理解题。由第四段“Despite strict Despite strict control over activities and timing”control over activities and timing”可知答案。可知答案。专题专题 六六 真题再现真题再现 3.C3.C推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接触，例在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接

24、触，例如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。4.A4.A主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故选的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故选A A。5 5B B推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段“You You can certainly follow Darwins footsteps and enjoy can certainly follow Darwins footsteps and enjoy a trip from four t

25、o seven days to the islands.”a trip from four to seven days to the islands.”可可知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主要为那些爱好旅游者所写，故选要为那些爱好旅游者所写，故选B B。专题预测专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 Winter weather may have come late to parts of Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year

26、,but the Midwest and the United States this year,but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firm in winters icy grasp.Northeast are finally firm in winters icy grasp.Travel,InterruptedTravel,Interrupted The freezing cold has created dangerous driving The freezing cold has created dangerous driving co

27、nditions across the country.Icy roads have led conditions across the country.Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states.Minnesota to at least 13 deaths in seven states.Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during rush hour on police reported 290 accidents during rush hour on Tuesday.

28、Tuesday.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 Air travel has been disrupted as well.More Air travel has been disrupted as well.More than 140 flights were canceled at OHare than 140 flights were canceled at OHare International Airport in Chicago,Illinois.Some International Airport in Chicago,Illinois.Some travelers had t

29、o camp out in terminals(travelers had to camp out in terminals(终点终点站站)overnight.Ted Bushelman,a spokesman for the)overnight.Ted Bushelman,a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport,Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport,said that a few hundred passengers spent

30、 the night said that a few hundred passengers spent the night there.“All the hotel rooms in the area were taken,there.“All the hotel rooms in the area were taken,not just because of canceled flights but because not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossiblehigh

31、way travel was almost impossible，”he said.he said.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测The Big Chill(The Big Chill(寒流寒流)Some areas in upstate New York have received Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a twoday period.more than five feet of snow over a twoday period.Weather forec

32、asters said the region could get Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.On Tuesday,West Virginia experienced the On Tuesday,West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state

33、in coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996,the weather service said.February since 1996,the weather service said.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测Sunny Outlook Sunny Outlook There is some sign of relief to come.On There is some sign of relief to come.On Wednesday,temperatures in Chicago ros

34、e slightly to Wednesday,temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit,with a wind chill of minus 14 0 degrees Fahrenheit,with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit.Thats an improvement from degrees Fahrenheit.Thats an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as

35、if it Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit.National Weather were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit.National Weather Service meteorologist(Service meteorologist(气象学家气象学家)Tim Seeley said that)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s

36、 the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the weekend.by the weekend.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 For some the heavy snowfall was cause for For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration.Ski resorts that had been suffering celebration.Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter

37、welcomed more white on the from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes.“It was the perfect stormslopes.“It was the perfect storm，”said Joe said Joe Stevens,spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Stevens,spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association.“Over four feet of snow has Areas A

38、ssociation.“Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January,which has fallen since the middle of January,which has really turned the situation around for the really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencingabove normal resorts that were experiencingabove normal

39、 temperatures earlier in the season.”temperatures earlier in the season.”专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()1.The main idea discussed in the passage)1.The main idea discussed in the passage is _.is _.A Atraffic accidents in Americatraffic accidents in America B Bcold weather in Americacold weather in America C Cdiff

40、icult road conditionsdifficult road conditions D Dheavy snow in Americaheavy snow in America专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()2.Deaths and accidents were caused by)2.Deaths and accidents were caused by _._.A Aroads covered with ice and snowroads covered with ice and snow B Bstrong cold winds blowing at a high stron

41、g cold winds blowing at a high speed speed C Cheavy snowheavy snow D Dtoo cold weathertoo cold weather专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()3.Why were the hotels full in this area?)3.Why were the hotels full in this area?A ABecause there were so many people havingBecause there were so many people having their home dest

42、royed.their home destroyed.B BIt was too cold for people to go out.It was too cold for people to go out.C CBecause air and highway travel were cut off.Because air and highway travel were cut off.D DThere were not enough hotels in this area.There were not enough hotels in this area.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()

43、4.Which of the following about West)4.Which of the following about West Virginia is TRUE?Virginia is TRUE?A AIt was hit by the heaviest snow inIt was hit by the heaviest snow in his story.his story.B BIts roads were cut off by theIts roads were cut off by the snowstorm.snowstorm.C CIt would face fin

44、e weather very soon.It would face fine weather very soon.D DIt experienced very low temperature.It experienced very low temperature.()5.Which of the following welcomed the cold)5.Which of the following welcomed the cold weather and heavy snow?weather and heavy snow?A AFarmers.Farmers.B BSki resorts.

45、Ski resorts.C CDrivers.DDrivers.DOfficials.Officials.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 【文章大意文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。1 1B B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等，都围绕着寒流展开。等，都围绕着寒流展开。2 2A A归纳判断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪归纳判

46、断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 3 3C C分析概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气分析概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可知。知。4 4D D细节理解题。细节理解题。West VirginiaWest Virginia经历了一次温经历了一次温度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。5 5B B段落归纳题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非段落归纳题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非常

47、喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。常喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 (二二)The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908.At his old when he started the company in 1908.At his factory in Ivreafactory in Ivrea，he designed and produ

48、ced the he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter.Today the companys first Italian typewriter.Today the companys head office is still in Ivrea,near Turin,but head office is still in Ivrea,near Turin,but the company is much larger than it was in those the company is much larger than it wa

49、s in those days and there are offices all around the world.days and there are offices all around the world.By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year.Some went to turned out 13,000 machines a year.Some went to c

50、ustomers in Italycustomers in Italy，but Olivetti exported more but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.typewriters to other countries.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 Camillos son,Adriano,started working for Camillos son,Adriano,started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the the c

51、ompany in 1924 and later he became the boss.He introduced a standard speed for the boss.He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and production line and he employed technology and design specialists.The company developed new design specialists.The company dev

52、eloped new and better typewriters and then calculators(and better typewriters and then calculators(计算计算器器)In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system.This was the first mainframe(system.This was the first mainframe(主主机机)computer designed and made in Italy.)comp

53、uter designed and made in Italy.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 After Adriano died in 1960,the company had After Adriano died in 1960,the company had a period of financial problems.Other companies,a period of financial problems.Other companies,especially the Japanese,made faster progress in especially the Japanese

54、,made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.electronic technology than the Italian company.In 1978,Carlo de Benedetti became the new In 1978,Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss.Olivetti increased its marketing and boss.Olivetti increased its marketing and service netwo

55、rks and made agreements with other service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment.office equipment.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 Soon it became one of the worlds leading Soon it became one of the worlds

56、leading companies in information technology and companies in information technology and communications.There are now five independent communications.There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti groupone for companies in the Olivetti groupone for personal computerspersonal computers，one f

57、or other office one for other office equipment,one for systems and services,and two equipment,one for systems and services,and two for telecommunications.for telecommunications.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()1.From the text we learn that _.)1.From the text we learn that _.A.by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 A.by

58、1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year typewriters a year B.Olivetti earned more in the 1960s B.Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s than in the 1950s C.some of Olivettis 700 staff C.some of Olivettis 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy regularly visited customers

59、 in Italy D.Olivetti set up offices in other D.Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning countries from the very beginning专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()2.What was probably the direct result of)2.What was probably the direct result of Olivettis falling behind in Olivettis falling behind

60、in electronic technology?electronic technology?A.Adrianos death.A.Adrianos death.B.A period of financial problems.B.A period of financial problems.C.Its faster progress.C.Its faster progress.D.Its agreements with other companies.D.Its agreements with other companies.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()3.What do we kn

61、ow about Olivetti?)3.What do we know about Olivetti?A.It produced the best typewriter in A.It produced the best typewriter in the world.the world.B.It designed the worlds first B.It designed the worlds first mainframe computer.mainframe computer.C.It exported more typewriters than C.It exported more

62、 typewriters than other companies.other companies.D.It has five independent companies D.It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea.with its head office in Ivrea.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()4.The best title for the text would be)4.The best title for the text would be _._.A.The Origin of Ol

63、ivetti A.The Origin of Olivetti B.The Success of Olivetti B.The Success of Olivetti C.The History of Olivetti C.The History of Olivetti D.The Production of Olivetti D.The Production of Olivetti专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测()5.What do we know about Carlo de Benedetti?)5.What do we know about Carlo de Benedetti?A

64、AHe is the grandson of Camillo Oliver.He is the grandson of Camillo Oliver.B BHe became the new boss since AdrianoHe became the new boss since Adriano was not capable of management.was not capable of management.C CHe took some effective measures andHe took some effective measures and then changed th

65、e situation of then changed the situation of Olivetti.Olivetti.D DHe introduced a standard speed forHe introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed the production line and he employed technology and design specialists.technology and design specialists.专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 【文章大意文章大

66、意】本文介绍了本文介绍了Oliver GroupOliver Group的创立过的创立过程、发展的阶段、革新的举措和如今的现状。让我们程、发展的阶段、革新的举措和如今的现状。让我们了解这家公司的历史。了解这家公司的历史。1.A1.A从第二段第一句可知。选项从第二段第一句可知。选项B B文章没提到。文章没提到。选项选项C C它的一些员工没有定期接触消费者。它的一些员工没有定期接触消费者。Some went Some went to customers in Italyto customers in Italy中中somesome是指是指machinesmachines。选项。选项D D不是一开始而是现在，注意不是一开始而是现在，注意 there are offices all there are offices all around the world.around the world.的时态。的时态。专题专题 六六 专题预测专题预测 2.B2.B由第四段知经济上的问题导致了落后。由第四段知经济上的问题导致了落后。3.D3.D选项选项A A和和B B说是世界上最好的或第一个，都不说是世界