9非谓语动词 (2)

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1、1.动词不定式属于非谓语动词，在动词不定式属于非谓语动词，在句子中可以充当除句子中可以充当除_外的其外的其他各个句子成分；他各个句子成分；谓语谓语 2.动词不定式通常有以下几种形式动词不定式通常有以下几种形式(以以do为为例请完成下表例请完成下表)：主动式主动式被动式被动式一般式一般式to do(1)_完成式完成式(2)_to have been done进行式进行式(3)_to Be done to have done to Be doing 3.在在should like,would like,expect,want,refuse,decide,pretend,promise,decide

2、,offer等后不能用动名词作宾语，等后不能用动名词作宾语，只能用不定式作宾语。只能用不定式作宾语。4.在在make,let,have等使役动词或者等使役动词或者hear,see,watch等感观动词后作宾补等感观动词后作宾补的不定式常省略的不定式常省略_；但在这些词的；但在这些词的被动式后作主补时，要加上被动式后作主补时，要加上_。(如如例例8)to to5.如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式。但在定式一般就用被动语态形式。但在easy,difficult等少数形容词后的不定等少

3、数形容词后的不定式，习惯上用主动形式表示被动意义。式，习惯上用主动形式表示被动意义。6.不定式做定语时的几种用法：不定式做定语时的几种用法：(1)表将来。表将来。Its hoped that the 16th Asian Games to be held in Guangzhou will be a great success.(2)序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语。语。She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.Mary is the best person to do the job.(3)常用来修饰常用来

4、修饰chance,idea,ability,way,reason,time,fact,key,ambition等抽象名等抽象名词。词。Last year I had a good chance to go abroad for further study.(4)动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句子的后面，用子的后面，用it作形式主语或形式宾语。作形式主语或形式宾语。(如例如例4和例和例5)一、单句填空一、单句填空1.Energy drinks are not allowed _(make)in Australia but are brought in from

5、 New Zealand.(上海上海)2.My parents have always made me _(feel)good about myself,even when I was twelve.(江苏江苏)to be made feel 3.With a lot of difficult problems_ (settle),the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(上海上海)4._(complete)the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.(湖

6、南湖南)to settle To complete 5.-The last one_ (arrive)pays the meal.-Agree!(全国全国)6.The parents hurried to the whole street _(look)for the lost child.to arrive to look 7.We find it impossible for work _ (finish)ahead of time.8.He is said to_(be)abroad many times.to be finished to have been 9.He pretende

7、d _(read)when the parents came into his bedroom.10.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _(breathe).(宁夏宁夏)to be reading to breathe 11.I hurried to the station only _(tell)that the train had left five minutes before.12.To love and_(love)is the one true happiness in life.to

8、 be told to be love 二、写作运用二、写作运用 Zach Bonner,an American 12-year-old boy,whose wish is to be a philanthropist,is always willing to help children in poverty and raise awareness of homeless children.He feels it his duty to help them all the time.By the age of seven,Zach and his mother decided to creat

9、e their own organization,Little Red Wagon Foundation,with its mission to help the poor kids and victims of natural disasters.He has spent 3 years walking from Florida to Washington,persuading others to donate money,and the walk raised a lot of awareness and funds to help homeless kids.This year he w

10、ill attempt to be the youngest on record to walk across the USA and everyone likes him to be praised for his devotion to the charity work.动词的动词的-ing形式有以下特征：形式有以下特征：1.具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其逻辑主并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其逻辑主语有动宾关系时，用语有动宾关系时，用_ 语态。语态。被动被动2.具有一般式（具有一般式（doing）和完成式（）和完成式（h

11、aving done）之分，一般说来，一般式的动词与）之分，一般说来，一般式的动词与谓语动词谓语动词_发生，完成式表示其发生，完成式表示其动作发生在谓语之动作发生在谓语之_。还有一般被动。还有一般被动式（式（being done）和完成被动式（）和完成被动式（having been done）之别。）之别。同时同时前前3.动词的动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、具有名词、_和和_ 的特征，的特征，因此，它可以在句中作主语、因此，它可以在句中作主语、_语、语、_语、语、_语、语、_ 语和语和状语。状语。4.否定形式：否定形式：not+动词的动词的-ing

12、形式。形式。宾语补足语宾语补足语 形容词形容词副词副词表语表语定语定语宾语宾语5.在在suggest,keep,allow,finish,enjoy,mind,practice,avoid,admit,advise,consider,imagine,appreciate,escape等后不能用不定等后不能用不定式作宾语；在式作宾语；在forget,remember,regret,mean,try等动词后既可接动名词，也可接等动词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。如：不定式，但意义差别较大。如：I forgot seeing her.我忘记见过她。我忘记见过她。(以前见以前见过过)I

13、 forgot to post the letter.我忘记寄信了。我忘记寄信了。(信信没寄没寄)Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。知识就是力量。6.在表示在表示“需要需要”的的need,want和和require等后用等后用-ing形式的主动形式表形式的主动形式表示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。一、单句填空一、单句填空1._(walk)is a good form of exercise for both young and old.(全国全国)2.I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same off

14、ice.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.(北京北京)Walking to stop working3.As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _(repair).(陕西陕西)4.-Robert is indeed a wise man.-Oh,yes.How often I have regretted _(not take)his advice!(安安徽徽)repairing/to be repairednot t

15、aking5.At the beginning of class,the noise of desks_(open and close)could be heard outside the classroom.(全国全国)6.Isnt it time you got down to _(mark)the papers?(重庆重庆)being opened and closed marking 7.Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _(set)up some schools for poor children.(上海上海)8.Hav

16、ing been ill in bed for nearly a month,he had a hard time_(pass)the exam.(福建福建)setting passing 9.I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _ (happen)again.(全国全国)10.It was so cold that they kept the fire _(burn)all night.(全国全国)happening burning 11.-Come on,please give me some ideas ab

17、out the project.-Sorry.With so much work _(fill)my mind,I almost break down.(福建福建)12._(read)aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.filling Reading 13.I cant imagine the boy _(speak)so rudely to you.14.After _(hear)the funny story,all of us couldnt help _(laugh)ear to ear.speaking

18、 laughing hearing15.There is no point _(make)the simple experiments once again.16._ (throw)their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.(2008天津天津)making Throwing 17._(fail)to reach them on the phone,we sent an email instead.(2008重庆重庆)18._(not,realize)that he wa

19、s in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest.(2008浙江浙江)Having failed Not realizing 二、句型转换二、句型转换 1.Walking in the street,I saw him_ walking in the street,I saw him.2.Working hard,you will succeed.(1)_,you will succeed.(2)_,and you will succeed.When/While/As(I was)Work hard If/As long as/So lo

20、ng as you work hard3.Being ill,she stayed at home.(1)_,she stayed at home.(2)She stayed at home_ ill.(3)She stayed at home_ her illness.(4)Illness _ her _ stay at home.to As she was illbecause she wasbecause of/due to forced 4.Having failed many times,he didnt lose heart.(1)_ failed many times,he di

21、dnt lose heart.(2)_ by failure many times,he didnt lose heart.Although beaten/defeated Although(he had)5.His rich parents died,leaving him a lot of money.His rich parents died_ him a lot of money.6.He is standing there,singing.He is standing there_ singing.andand left三、翻译填空三、翻译填空根据汉语意思完成英语根据汉语意思完成英语

22、句子。句子。1.他冲进正在燃烧着的房子。他冲进正在燃烧着的房子。He rushed into _.2.站在那儿的那个女孩是我的同班同站在那儿的那个女孩是我的同班同学。学。_is a classmate of mine.the burning houseThe girl standing there3.他们站在那儿等公共汽车。他们站在那儿等公共汽车。They stood there,_.4.四个人走了进来，好奇地向四周张望。四个人走了进来，好奇地向四周张望。Four people entered,_ in a curious way.waiting for the buslooking arou

23、nd5.他手里握着拐杖迈着僵硬的步伐四他手里握着拐杖迈着僵硬的步伐四处走动。处走动。He walked around stiffly_.carrying a walking stick四、写作运用四、写作运用 It was really a shock that the French National Football Team was out of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in the first round.Having lost the game against Mexico,one of the players,Nicolas Anelka,abused the

24、ir coach Domenech so Anelka was thrown out of the French Team after refusing to apologize to the coach,thus causing the French Team to refuse to attend the training session ahead of their match with South Africa.The retired football player Zidane didnt appreciate the players disapproving of the coac

25、h.However,the players said they were afraid of being laughed at by the world,so in the France-South Africa match they tried regaining their dignity by scoring one goal.However,it is no use arguing whose fault it is now.一、单句填空一、单句填空1.Please remain _(seat)，the winner of the prize will be announced soo

26、n.(辽宁辽宁)2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _(carry out)the next year.(全国全国)seated carried out 3.To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English _(speak)as much as we can.(江苏江苏)4.John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work _(finish),he gladly

27、accepted it.(安徽安徽)spoken finished 5.-Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He had it _(fix),because he doesnt know much about computers.(安安徽徽)6.Helen had to shout to make herself _(hear)above the sound of the music.(广西广西)fixed heard 7.The children went home from the grammar school,their lessons _(fini

28、sh)for the day.(重庆重庆)8.She cant see the words on the blackboard,so she needs to have her eyes_ (examine).finished examined 9.With the task _ (finish),we had a happy weekend.10.He is a man_(love)by all.11.He is fond of the food_ _(cook)by his mother.finished loved(=who is loved)cooked(=which is cooke

29、d)12.The book,_(write)in 1960,is still popular today.13.The government decided to rebuild the _(damage)bridge.written(=which was written)damaged(=that had been damaged)14.He looked at me with a_(puzzle)expression.Maybe the problem was _(puzzle).15.My tutor is_(satisfy)with my_(satisfy)behavior.puzzl

30、ing puzzledsatisfying satisfied二、句型转换二、句型转换1.Given more time,we could do it much better._,we could do it much better.2.When he was asked what had happened,he lowered his head._,he lowered his head.If we were given more timeAsked what had happened3.Scolded by the teacher,the girl sat there without li

31、fting her head._,the girl sat there without lifting her head.4.Left at home alone,John didnt feel afraid at all._,John didnt feel afraid at all.As she was scolded by the teacherAlthough he was left at home alone 5.The teacher entered the classroom,and he was followed by a group of students.The teach

32、er entered the classroom,_.6.These plastic bottles which have been used already can be recycled.These plastic bottles _ can be recycled.followed by a group of studentsused already 7.Half of the honored guests who were invited to the reception were foreign ambassadors.Half of the honored guests _ _we

33、re foreign ambassadors.invited to the reception 8.An old man,dressed like a beggar,entered the restaurant and sat down at the table.An old man,_ like a beggar,entered the restaurant and sat down at the table.who was dressed 9.The acid rain,known to make holes in the leaves,is harmful to plants.The a

34、cid rain,_ to make holes in the leaves,is harmful to plants.which has been known 三、翻译填空三、翻译填空1.他在房间里来回走动，陷入了沉思。他在房间里来回走动，陷入了沉思。He walked up and down the room,_.2.被指控偷钱，他受到警察的提问。被指控偷钱，他受到警察的提问。_,he was questioned by the police.lost in thought Accused of stealing money3.他快步走进大厅，身后跟着两个士兵。他快步走进大厅，身后跟着两个

35、士兵。He hurried to the hall,_.4.他刚下车，就发现钱包被偷了。他刚下车，就发现钱包被偷了。(stole)The moment he got off the bus,_.followed by two guards he found his wallet stolen5.那位专家所给的建议是很有道理的。那位专家所给的建议是很有道理的。(give)_ is very reasonable.The advice given by the expert 四、语篇填空四、语篇填空 There is no doubt that the 21st century will be m

36、arked by a burst of new science and technology.Yet,the technology such as 1_(clone)and the Internet fills everyones heart with delight as well as awe.cloning Future development of science and technology will bring us with it both benefits and problems.2_(be)sure,we human beings will enjoy the fruit

37、of 3 _(advance)science and technology.Consider the case of cloning.It opens up many 4 _(excite)possibilities,from saving 5_(endanger)animal species to 6 _(produce)organs for transplant patients.To be advanced exciting endangered producing Nevertheless,new science and technology will create a great c

38、hallenge to all members of society as well.Furthermore,severe air pollution 7 _(bring)on by the wide use of modern technology will constitute a threat to human survival.brought In my judgment,however,such problems and dangers will be outweighed by solutions and opportunities 8_(offer)by the developm

39、ent of science and technology,and 9_(balance)by human beings 10_(take)corrective action.offered balanced to take 五、写作运用五、写作运用 Affected by the lightning,the electricity system in our school was out of order.For the sake of safety,students were told to remain seated,for workers would soon have the dam

40、aged system fixed.When Mary was asked to dance,she felt embarrassed and stood there,rooted to the spot,so the audiences began to clap hands to encourage her.Inspired by the students,she began to dance to the music played by the music teacher.Finally,she left the platform with her dancing wonderfully performed.