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1、Prentice Hall Chemistry 2005Section Assessment AnswersChapter 55.1 section assessmentWhy did Rutherfords atomic model need to be replaced?It could not explain why metals or compounds of metals give off characteristic colors when heated nor the chemical properties of the elements.5.1 section assessme
2、nt2.What was the basic new proposal in the Bohr model of the atom?An electron is found only in specific circular paths or orbits around the nucleus.5.1 section assessment3.What does the quantum mechanical model determine about electrons in atoms?It determines the allowed energy levels an electron ca
3、n have and the likelihood of finding an electron in various locations around the nucleus.5.1 section assessment4.How do two sublevels of the same principal energy level differ from each other?The sublevels have different shapes.5.1 section assessment5.How can electrons in an atom move from one energ
4、y level to another?By losing or gaining just the right amount of energy a quantum.5.1 section assessment6.The energies of electrons are said to be quantized.Explain what this means.In an atom,the electrons can have certain fixed energy levels.To move from one energy level to another requires the emi
5、ssion or absorption of an exact amount of energy,or quantum.Thus the energy of the electron is said to be quantized.5.1 section assessment7.How many orbitals are in the following sublevels?a.3p sublevelb.2s sublevelc.4p subleveld.3d sublevele.4f sublevela.3b.1c.3d.5e.75.2 section assessment10.What a
6、re the three rules for writing the electron configuration of elements?Aufbau principlePauli exclusion principle Hunds rule5.2 section assessment11.Explain why the actual electron configurations for some elements differ from those assigned using the aufbau principle.Half-filled sublevels and filled s
7、ublevels are more stable than other configurations.5.2 section assessment12.Use figure 5.7 to arrange the following sublevels in order of decreasing energy:2p,4s,3s,3d,and 3p.3d4s3p3s2p5.2 section assessment13.Why does one electron in a potassium atom go into the fourth energy level instead of squee
8、zing into the third energy level along with the eight already there?The 3s and 3p orbitals are already filled,so the last electron must go to the next higher energy orbital,which is 4s.5.3 section assessment16.How are wavelength and frequency of light related?Frequency and wavelength of light are in
9、versely proportional to each other.5.3 section assessment17.Describe the cause of atomic emission spectrum of an element.Electrons in atoms absorb energy as they move to higher energy levels,then lose the energy by emitting it as light as they drop back.5.3 section assessment18.How is the change in
10、electron energy related to the frequency of light emitted in atomic transitions?The light emitted in an electronic transition from a higher to a lower energy level has a frequency that is directly proportional to the energy change of an electron.5.3 section assessment19.How does quantum mechanics di
11、ffer from classical mechanics?Quantum mechanics describes the motions of atoms and subatomic particles;classical mechanics describes the motions of larger bodies.5.3 section assessment20.The lines at the ultraviolet end of the hydrogen spectrum are known as the Lyman series.Which electron transitions within an atom are responsible for these lines?electron transitions from higher levels to n=15.3 section assessment21.Arrange the following in order of decreasing wavelength.a.infrared radiation from a heat lampb.dental X-raysc.signal from a shortwave radio station.cab
Prentice Hall Chemistry © 2005 - Hawthorne High School普伦蒂斯霍尔化学与# 169；2005 -霍桑高中
