非谓语动词用法精讲doing

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1、2021/6/301非非 谓谓 语语 动动 词词DOING DONE TO DO谓语动词动名词动名词gerund不定式不定式infinitive分词分词participle1 1性质：它具有动词的特点，但在性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。语以外一切成分。主语主语 定语定语 宾语宾语 表语表语 状语状语宾语补宾语补 足语足语不定式不定式 过去过去分词分词 v-ing 形式形式 3 3语态：必须搞

2、清逻辑主语语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系，从而与非谓语动词的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。来确定非谓语动词态的语态。2021/6/307 DOING Swimming is her favorite sport.Learning is important to modern life.They went out of the classroom,talking and laughing.I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.（前）He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the ne

3、xt Sunday.（后）Having lived in this city for three years,she knows it very well.I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture.=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lectureWe remembered seeing the film.(=We remembered having seen the film.)The question being discussed is very importa

4、nt.I cant stand being kept waiting.Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the school library.His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.It is no use crying over spilt milk.Its a waste of time arguing about it.Its no good talking to him.It

5、 is useless telephoning him.He is not willing to come.Its worth making an effort.There is no saying when it will stop raining.There is no joking about such matters.Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possibleThe problem is quite puzzling.1.Her work is _(look)after the children.2.My aim i

6、s _(go)to Tsinghua University.3.One of my bad habit is _(bite)nails（指甲）（指甲）.1 1 能用动词能用动词-ing-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，只能用动词只能用动词-ing-ing形式作宾语，形式作宾语，可用动词可用动词-ing-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语也可用不定式作宾语。只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词 suggest doing it in a different way.必背必背admit 承认承认 appreciate 感激感激 avoid 避免避免put o

7、ff 推迟推迟 keep 保持保持 consider 考虑考虑delay 耽搁耽搁 dislike 嫌恶嫌恶 resist抵制抵制mention 提及提及 enjoy 喜欢喜欢 escape 避免避免excuse 原谅原谅 practice 练习练习 mind介意介意fancy想不到想不到 feel like 意欲意欲 finish 完成完成risk 冒险冒险 include 包括包括 forgive 原谅原谅give up 放弃放弃 suggest 建议建议 miss 逃过逃过 imagine 设想设想 cannot help 情不自禁情不自禁 1.He was in low spirits

8、 and even consider _(go)away.2.Practise _(put)your hand to the ground.3.I cant help _(have)the trip to Britain.4.Dont tell me you always escape _(fine)because you have a fast sports car.5.Leave off _(bite)your nails!6.He didnt feel like _(work),so he suggested _(spend)the day in the garden.7.You cer

9、tainly mustnt miss _(see)the wonderful film.8.The doctor advised _(stay)longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your _(want)_(help)us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _(write)to her till today.11.The law forbids _(sell)liquor to children.12.They all suggested _(give)more chances.13.Can you imag

10、ine _(leave)standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _(flood).这类动词虽然既能用这类动词虽然既能用-ing-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：有些动词，如attempt,continue,hate,intend,like,love,prefer等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。They prefer spending/to sp

11、end their summer vacation in Dalian.I intend to buy/buying an English-Chinese dictionary.提示提示I am starting to learn Russian.避免说：I am starting learning Russian.I hope we shall be friends and come to understand one another.It was already two oclock when she came hurrying in.Having finished the exercis

12、es,we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.Though it was raining heavily,they went on working。I didnt mean to hurt you.。Missing the train means waiting for another hour.。I regret to say I must leave tomorrow.I regret not having told her earlier.Remember to lock the door when you leave.I r

13、emember posting that letter.forget to doShe nearly forgot to give the porter a tip for his service.forget doingIll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time.stop to doWhile working,he stopped to talk with Tom at times.stop doingWhen the teacher came into the classroom,the pupils s

14、topped talking.try to doI must try to get everything ready before he arrives.try doingWould you please try doing that again?Your composition needs correcting/to be corrected.His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned.The old woman requires looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.动词动词-ing-ing

15、形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关配有关。We heard the children shouting upstairs.I felt my heart beating violently.He saw a girl getting on the bus.He saw a girl get on the bus and drive off.They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.I wont have you running about in the room.We kept the f

16、ire burning all night long.I saw him enter the room sit down and light a cigarette.2021/6/3031。a reading room=a room which is used for reading 阅览室阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋跑鞋a working method=a method of working 工作方法工作方法a drawing board 画板画板 a sewing machine 缝纫机缝纫机a swimming pool 游泳池游泳池 a

17、waiting room 候车室候车室a dining car 餐车餐车 a driving permit 驾驶许可证驾驶许可证a singing competition 歌咏比赛歌咏比赛 a walking stick 手杖手杖developing countries=countries that are developing发展中国家发展中国家an ordinary-looking house=a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人

18、的问题困扰人的问题a barking dog 狂吠的狗狂吠的狗 a disappointing play 令人失望的戏剧令人失望的戏剧an astonishing adventure 惊人的冒险惊人的冒险a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿熟睡的婴儿 boiling water 正在沸腾的水正在沸腾的水failing sight 逐渐衰退的视力逐渐衰退的视力 the setting sun 落日落日the coming week 下一周下一周The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.They lived

19、in a house facing south.【误】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt so

20、on.Having made full preparations,we are ready for the examination.(=After we have made full preparations.)Being ill,he didnt go to school yesterday.(=Since he was ill.)His father died,leaving him a lot of money.=and left him a lot of money.Working hard at your lessons,you will succeed.=If you work h

21、ard at your lessons.Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this.He lay on the grass,staring at the sky for a long time.=.and stared at the sky for a long time分词表示的必须是分词表示的必须是主语主语的一个动作；的一个动作；分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作（或状态）是（或状态）是同时同时发生的；发生的；分词表示的是比较分词表示的是比较次要次要的动

22、作，对谓的动作，对谓语表示的动作或状态加以说明；语表示的动作或状态加以说明；大部分放在大部分放在谓语谓语之后；之后；分词有时可以与句子的其他部分用逗分词有时可以与句子的其他部分用逗号隔开。号隔开。2021/6/30402、3、4、European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.（NMET1998）A.making B.makes C.made D.to makeHe rushed to the train station,only _ the train had gone.

23、A.finding B.found C.finds D.to findDHis parents died,leaving him an orphan.He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed动 词-ing 形 式 的 逻 辑 主 语 Reading aloud is very helpful.His fathers falling ill worried him greatly.(his father是falling ill的逻辑主语)What worries me most is her staying too late

24、every night.(staying too late every night的逻辑主语是的逻辑主语是her)an interesting book =a book that interests its readersa running stream =a stream that is runningThe meeting being held in Beijing now is of great importance.(the meeting和举行之间的关系是被动的，所以用being held)比较比较 We often hear her singing this song.We oft

25、en hear this song(being)sung.Entering the classroom,I found nobody in it.【误误】Looking out through the window,the garden was beautiful.【正正】Looking out through the window,we saw a beautiful garden.【误误】Reading the evening newspaper,a dog started barking.【正正】I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog

26、 started barking.The last bus having gone,we had to walk home.Weather permitting,the football match will be played on Friday.2021/6/30502021/6/3051如：The shower being over,we continued to march.(时间时间)So many students being absent,we decided to put the meeting off.(原因原因)Weather permitting,well have an

27、 outing tomorrow.(条件条件)He rushed into the room,his face covered with sweat.(伴随情况伴随情况)一般说来，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣一般说来，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣.Generally speaking,boys are more interested in science than girls.从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大.Judging from his accent,he must come from Canada.2021/6/3053Considering how poor he

28、 was,we decided to let him attend the concert for free.Supposing it rains,what will you do?1._to the meeting surprised all of the boards.A.Mike coming B.Mike came C.Mike coming D.Mikes coming 2.Its no use _ that you didnt know the rules.A.you pretend B.you pretending C.your pretending D.your pretend

29、 Change the following into the simple sentences.2021/6/30552021/6/30562021/6/30572021/6/30582021/6/30592021/6/30602021/6/30612021/6/30622021/6/30632021/6/30642021/6/30652021/6/30662、3、4、2021/6/3067Having worked among the peasants for many years,he knew them very well.Not having received an answer,he

30、 decided to write another letter.Having lived in Berlin many years,he knew the city well.2021/6/3068肯定式肯定式否定式否定式一般式一般式doingnot doing完成式完成式having donenot having done2021/6/3069 现在分词的一般形式现在分词的一般形式(doing)现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作词所表示的动作同时发生同时发生，或在谓语动作，或在谓语动作之前发生之前发生。2.现在分词的完成式现在分词的完成式

31、(having done)现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语语动作之前动作之前。完成时态的现在分词在句中经常作状语。完成时态的现在分词在句中经常作状语。2021/6/3070肯定形式肯定形式否定形式否定形式一般式一般式being donenot being done完成式完成式having been done not having been done2021/6/3071 在表示一个在表示一个被动被动的动作时，如果这的动作时，如果这个动作是现刻个动作是现刻正在进行正在进行的，或是与谓的，或是与谓语表示的动作语表示的动作同时发生同时发生的，就可以用的，就可以用现在分词的现在分词的被动形式被动形式。这种形式可以。这种形式可以作定语、状语或构成复合宾语作定语、状语或构成复合宾语 若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！