跨文化案例选集1

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1、完整）跨文化案例选集1编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对 文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（完整）跨文化案例选集 1） 的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步 的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快 业绩进步，以 下为（完整）跨文化案例选集 1 的全部内容。（完整）跨文化案例选集1Case 1 Ive Not Considered Marriage YetJohn, 28 years ol

2、d， an Australian studing Chinese in Beijing, met Li Hua at a dance party。 Li Hua, 22, took an instant liking to John the first time they met， as time went on ，they saw more and more of each other。 After six months or so, Li Hua suggeste that John meet her parents。 Since this was the first time John

3、had visited a Chinese family， he became quite nervous the moment he was introduced to Li Huas parents, elder sister and siserinlaw. Soon after serving him some Chinese tea and fruit， Li Huas mother began questiong John about his background, his family and relatives, as well as his economic status 。

4、John did his best to answer all of the questions， sometimes in broken Chinese. A few minutes later, Li Huas father turned towards John, and asked a very direct question. He wanted John to tell him when he would marry Li Hua and where he was going to live and work。 John， being a bit surprised at the

5、question， replied that he hadnt thought about marriage。 Li Huas father got very upset and angry. He stamped his foot and asked John to leave. As John was about to leave， Li Huas father warned him against seeing his daughter again. John lert， without knowing what he had done to enrage the family.Ques

6、tions for discusssionHow could you explain to Li Huas parents about the relationship between Li Hua and John？ How could you explain to John Li Huas parenets behavior?Case 2 Can we talk about us？Anna asks her fiance, Ben,“Can we talk about us?” Immediately Ben tenses up, seeing trouble. He prepares h

7、imself for an unpleasant conversations and reluctantly agrees。 Anna then thankes Ben for being so supportive during the last few months when she was under enormous pressure at her job. She telle him she feels closer than ever to him. Then she invites Ben to tell her what makes him feel loved and clo

8、se to her。 Althoufh Ben is relieved to learn there is no crisis， hes also baffled: “If there isnt a problem， why do women need to talk about the relationship? If its working, let it be。”Questions for discusssionCould you explain why Ben was relucatant to have a talk with his fiancee?(完整)跨文化案例选集1Case

9、 3 Feeling Left-outAfter graduating from Beijing International Studies University， Chen Liang pursued an MA program at a uni versity in Bost on ,the。US. Eatly in the same program, he made friends with some of the American students studying in the same program. One day after class, his American frien

10、d, Dick, asked Chen to join his in the university cafeteria. On their way they ran into Dicks girlfriend， Lisa, who was on her way to a lecture. Walking shoulder to shoulder,DickandLisacarriedonanintimateconversation， asiftheyhadnt seen each other for ages。 Meanwhile， Chen Liang was walking behind t

11、hem, not taking part in the conversation. When they were nearing the cafeteria Lisa said she had to leave for the lecture. Dick embraced her and gave her alongandpassinatekiss.Seeingthis， Chenturnedawayandwalkedofftoward thecafeteria。 WhenDicklookedup， hesawChenwalkingintothecageteria。 Dickwaspuzzle

12、dastowhyChendidntwaitforhis,andwenttothecafeteria alone。Questions for discusssionCould you explain to Dick why Chen Liang walked into the cafeteria without waiting for him?Case 4 Shoes for Street WalkingItissaidthatinRome， infrontofashoestore， therewassuchasign toattractEnglishspeakingcustomers： Sho

13、esforstreetwalking。 Comein and have a fit. The sign caught the attention of many English-speaking tourists， but not to look at the shoes displayed in the windows， but to read the sign and then break out into laughter. The Italian shop owner did not realize that “a street walker” means a prostitute,

14、while “to have a fit” does not mean to have a try, but to become suddenly and violently angry or upset. No wonder the amusement and laughter(!Deng Yanchang et al.,1989)Question for discussionWhy did the Italian shop owner make such a blunder？Case 5 A Misunderstanding Caused by a JokeRogerwasthePerso

15、nnelExecutiveofalargeAmericanmultinationalfirm. In 1996, Roger was working in Brazil to help promote their business. One evening, there was a party， attended by both his employees from the United States and many Brazilian business people. At the party, Roger bumped into Rosalita,aBrazilianwomanhehad

16、knownforsometime。 Rogergenerallyhada very good impression of Rosalita and always felt at ease with her， so that he felt free to tell jokes and share personal thoughts, and talk about Brazil and Brazilian life without having the jitters of offending Rosalita。 During the party， Rosalita said to Roger，

17、 “Id like to introduce you to one of my good friends。 She is a very capable woman and is presently thinking of working in a joint venture so she can provide a better living for her large family. She is very much in terested in your company” Heari ng that, Roger smiled and replied， “OK, but I just ho

18、pe I dont get hustled.” Unfortunately， Rogers reply made Rosalita quite upset. Very soon she excused herself as politely as she coul，d and did not speak with Roger for the rest of the evening。Question for discussion Roger was confused by Rosalitas behavior。 Could you give him an explanation？Case 6 L

19、ook Out!A foreign student in the U.S. was sitting by a window reading a book。 She heard someone yelling “Look out！ ， so she stuck her head out of the window。 Just then a board hurtled down from above， narrowly missing her. She looked up， half in anger and half in fright。 There was a man on the roof

20、doing repairs. “Didnt you hear me call Look out?” he demanded。 “Yes, and thats what I did，” she replied。Questions for discussion Inthiscase,whatdoes“lookout”mean？ Couldyougiveasimilarcaselike this?Case7 Different Attitudes Toward a Fly in a BeerIf in the dining hall, a fly was seen in a glass of bee

21、r, an Englishman would say, “May I have another，please?； a Frenchman would pour the beer out; a Spanish man would put the money on the table and leave without a word； a Japanese would summon the manager and criticize， “Do you do all your business like this?”; an Arab would give the beer to the waite

22、r and say, “Ill buy you a drink。； and the more humorous American would say to the waiter, “Please serve the fly and beer separately. If the customer likes the fly, he could put it into his beer himself。”Case 8 Borrow Money and Lend MoneyWhile I was studying in America， I met an American classmate na

23、med Jimmy. One day I was eager to buy a book， but I did not have enough money, so I borrowed three dollars from him. Before he lent me the three dollars, Jimmy asked me three times， “Are you sure you will return the money to me?” Four days later, he kept reminding me about the loan until I paid him

24、back the money。Interestingly enough, weeks later he borrowed 30 from me and said he would pay me back in a week. After one month, there was no sign of the money so I reminded him。 To my surprise， he said， “Im sorry, why didnt you remind me earlier?” and returned the money instantly。Americans dont re

25、adily give money to others nor receive others readily。 If you lent money to an American generously, and sai，d “Dont mention it again. You dont have to pay me back。” , he would be angry and think you were looking down on him, not believing his ability to repay the money.Case 9 Twelve Cups of TeaWhen

26、I first went to Hong Kong， I had no idea about Chinese teadrinking and found myself caught in a very awkward situation. I visited a Chinese family and was immediately given a cup of tea。 I was not thirsty and I did not particularly like that type of tea， but out of politeness I finished the cup. But

27、 the more I drank, the more I was given。 I kept insisting that I did not want any more， but the host took no notice。 I drank about twelve cups of tea that afternoon！ The host must have thought that I was very greedy， but I did not know how to avoid getting more tea poured. (Helen Oatey, 1988)Case 10

28、 Have you had your lunch？Where are you going？When I first went to Hong Kong a number of years ago, I had no idea about the Chinese language or the Chinese culture。 Shortly after my arrival, I went to the bank on my way to school. I was extremely surprised when the bank clerk asked me if I had had lu

29、nch。 In British culture, the question would be regarded as an indirect invitation to lunch, and between unmarried young people it indicates a young mans interest in dat ing a girl Since he was a completely stranger, I was quite taken aback. I proceeded to school and was even moresurprisedwhenone oft

30、he teachersasked me the same question. By now I realized that it could not be an invitatio，n but I was puzzled asto why they kept asking it. In the following days， as I was asked the question again and again, I came to the conclusion that people must be concerned about my health。 I was somewhat unde

31、rweight， and I assumed they must be worried that I was not eating properly. Only later， did I find out that the question had no real significance at all, it was merely a greeting。Case11 Li Hongzhangs EmbarrassmentLi Hongzhang， one of the top officials in the Qing Dynasty, was invited to visit the Un

32、ited States. He was warmly welcomed. One day, Li was hosting a banquet for the American officials in a popular restaurant。 As the banquet started， according to the Chinese custom， Li stood up and said, “I am very happy to have all of you here today. Though these dishes are coarse and not delicious a

33、nd good enough to show my respect for you， I hope you will enjoy them”（今天承蒙各位光临，不胜荣幸。我们略备粗馔，聊表寸心，没有什么可 口的东西，不成敬意，请大家多多包涵。.。）The next day, the English version of his words was shown in the local n ewspaper。 To his shock， the restaura nt ow ner flew i nto a rage。 He thought it was an insult to his res

34、taurant and insisted that Li should show him the evidenee of which dish was not well-made and which dish was not delicious. Otherwise, Li intention ally damaged the reputati on of the restaura nts, and he should apologize. All the fuss made Li rather embarrassed。Case12Litzisaprofessorofcrosscultural

35、communicationinauniversity in Finland. She invited her Chinese students home for an evening party.The schema from Litzs point of view includes the following:1。Giving invitation： by phone / by mail2。Prepare everything before the arrival of guests3。Receivingguests:openthedoor/expresswelcome/taketheir

36、overcoats / introduce guests / offer them drinks / make them comfortable4。Serving food： set the table / soup first / main course / desert5。Postdinneractivities： chat/playmusic/offermoredrinks6。Seeing guests off： thank them for coming / good nightLitzs evening party was not very successful, because s

37、he was upset by one of her guests。 Here was the initial conversation between Litz and Lin: Litz: （opens the door） Oh, Lin， how nice you could come！Lin：Its not difficult to find your house。Litz： Come on in.(完整)跨文化案例选集1Lin: (comes in)Litz： Can I take your coat？Lin： No， thanks.Litz： Ok, this way please

38、.Lin： (take off her coat and hangs i)tAnalysis： Litz was hurt because Lin did not let her hang her coat Litzs offering to hang Lins coat is one of Litzs ways (its on Litzs schema). On Lins side， she thought that Litz was her supervisor and that it was inappropriate to let her supervisor hang her coa

39、t. Here we have an instance of one action attached with different cultural values。Case 13Finding an Interested BuyerGeorage Hall was in Beijing attending a trade fair and looking for an opportunity to do business in China. He had been very successful in his businessdealingsintheUSandpridedhimselfonh

40、isability“togetthings mov ing.” His first day was going well He looked around at the displays of sporting equipment to get some idea of whom he might approach。 He was sure that his products, tennis rackets with an unusual new design， would arouse some interests. On the second day he approached the c

41、ompany which he felt would be most responsive to his products. He introduced himself to the general， a Mr。 Li。 Since he had read that Chinese find getting down to business immediately too abrupt and rude, he began a casual conversation, eventually leading up to the topic of his products and suggesti

42、ng how Mr. Lis company might benefit from using them. George then suggested that he could arrange to get together with Mr. Li and provide more specifics and documentation on his products.Mr. Li responded in fairly good English,” That would be interesting.” Knowing that he had only a few days left in

43、 Beijing, George wanted to nail down a time， When can we meet?” asked George.“Ah. This week is very busy，” replied Mr. Li。“It sure is,” said George,” How about 10 oclock? Meet you here.”“Tomorrow at 10 oclock?” asked Mr。 Li thoughtfully。“Right, said George，“Ill see you then?”“Hmm， yes； why dont you

44、come bytomorrow,” was the reply. “OK,” responded George， It was nice meeting you。”The next day at 10 oclock he approached Mr. Lis companys exhibit only to find that Mr。 Li had some important business and was not able to meet(完整)跨文化案例选集1with George. He called back later in the day and was told that M

45、r. Li was not available。An alysis英美人士做事情讲究守时。而中国人不太重视这方面。本案列中，李先 生不仅没有准时接见预约的客户，甚至放了他“鸽子”。Case14 Professor Liang has written a book on Chinese culture in Chinese. His book is put on display in Beijing International Book Fair 96. Professor Liang would like to have his book translated into English and

46、 submitted to Thompson Publishers。 Professor Liang has asked Li Yan whom he meets regularly in the English Corner， to help him to talk to Peter Allright， a Thompson representative.Prof. Lia ng:奥莱特先生，这是鄙人的拙作。Li Tan： Mr. Allright， this a clumsy book written by your humble servant。 Mr Allright: No, no,

47、 no， youre not my humble servant. We do not publish books in Chinese.Li Ya n (to Professor Lia ng)：不，不，不，你不是我的仆人，我们不出中文书. Professor Lia ng：我要请李艳翻译成英文。LiYan(toMr。 Allright)： Professor Liangwi l l askme to translate it into English.Mr。 Allright: Mm thats interesting。Analysis： Chineseauthorsalmostalway

48、sbelittletheirworksbydescribing themasclumsywritings,andtheyusethesamedescriptionwhentheypresent them to Chinese publishers. But this will be counter-productive in English Instead, authors should point out the merits of their works rather thanU I乃“clumsiness”。Case15Jane,anAmericanteacherintheUS， had

49、juststartedteachingEnglish toagroupofJapanesestudents。 She wanted to get to know the students more formally,sosheinvitedthemtoherhouseforparty。 Thestudentsallarrived together at exactly 8:00 p。m. They seemed to enjoy the party： they danced, sang, and ate most of the food At about 10： 00 p。m， one of

50、the students said to the teacher， “I think its time for me to leave。Tha nk you very much for the party。 The n all the other stude nts got up to go， and all left at the same time. Jane decided she would never invite them again!Analysis: 在日本以及其他很多的亚洲国家里，年轻人通常成群结队的一起去参加 一些社交聚会，然后一道离去。在他们看来这是很正常不过的事然后Ja

51、ne认为这 是一种侮辱，因为他们在同一时间里一下子全部离开了。在美国以及其他一些英语 国家，晚上10点离开一个聚会相对来说是比较早的。Case 16Four Secretaries and Their JobsFour classmates from a top Chinese university all took jobs as secretaries after graduation。 Five years later the four former classmates had a reunion and discussed their jobs.Chen Qi and Dai Yun

52、 both work as bilingual secretaries for a Finnish company in Beijing。 Chen Qi is secretary to the Finn general manger， and Dai Yun is secretary to the Chinese local manger， a position only slightly lower than that of the Finn manger.Zhang Ying is from a politically prominent family and was hired as

53、the secretary to the leader of a small government bureau in the capital city of her home province. Lu Yan works for a state run enterprise in the same city where she was hired as the secretary to the new manager for international marketing. The company has never marketed its products abroad before s

54、o this office and Lu Yans position are new to the company.Five years later Chen Qi is satisfied with her job with the Finnish company but Dai Yun is not。 The Finn manager receives orders from the companys home office in Finland， and he gives orders to those below him in China, including his secretar

55、y Chen Qi. He tells her how he wants his time scheduled and she then makes appointments for him accord ing to his instructioGS She translates memos and other documents and interprets from Chinese to English to Chinese. If the manager does not think Chen Qi has done her work well， he tells her right

56、away. He is very demanding， but Chen Qi feels that she knowswhatherdutiesareandknowswhathermanagerexpects。 Sheisconfident that she is doing a good job。Dai Yun often does not have as much work to do as Chen Qi does, because herbossscheduleshisownappointmentsanddoesalotoftheofficepaperwork himself.Whe

57、nheisoutoftownshehastimetostudyforthegraduateentrance exam。 However， she isnotsurewhetheror notsheisdoingagood job. He r manager tells her what she is expected to do, but he does this day by day. When people call or come to the office to see her boss, she greets them in EnglishorChineseasnecessary.S

58、hereceivestheirmemosandothermessages as well as their questi ons and requests and passes them on to her manage。 Dai Yun thinks of her job as doing what her manager wants her to do。 She pays close attention to his moods and behavior, and sometimes she is able to anticipate what he would like without

59、him telling her.Analysis ：许多中国人在外企工作，不同国家的外企领导有不同的工作作风和标准。 本案列中，戴云给不同的外国上司做秘书，在工作中出现由于不同的文化冲突而引(完整)跨文化案例选集1 起的各种工作以及沟通中的问题就很常见了.Case 17One cold winter day in a Chinese city， Wang Lin on his way to the library met an American professor who knew very little about China. After greeting him, Wang said：

60、“Its rather cold。 Youd better put on more clothes。” But the professor didnt appear happy on hearing this.Analysis： 美国人以及大部分西方国家的人们不喜欢被告知要怎么做怎么做,他们 比较喜欢独立，然而中国人则习惯关心别人，这个案例中王林的建议表达的就是一 种对他人的关心，可是美国教授却不习惯这样的表达。Case18In a good restaurant， fourteen people are gathered to say goodbye to their professor,

61、who is moving to another university。Steven： May I have your attention please? Id like to call upon Ben to say a few words.Ben: Thank you, Steven. Professor Shore， colleagues：Tonight is one of those paradoxes - its a sad time and yet its a happy time. Sad， because。We are losing one of our best profes

62、sors； happy because we are pleased to see Professor Shoregain the recog nition that he richly deserveslm not sure who will be able to control us and keep usin line. I think the new professor will have a difficult time. And surely no one will be able to tell jokes in the same way as you, Professor。 S

63、eriously, we all know that you will be difficult toreplace。 Your scholarly approach and your dedication will always be remembered。 I wouldthereforeliketoproposeatoast.Colleagues， pelasechargeyourglasses. Professor Shore， mayyour future be filled will great success， and may you always remember us.We

64、know we will neverforget you。To Professor Shore!All: (Standing up) To Professor Shore! (Everyone drinks. Professor Shore remains seated and smiles at them all。)Analysis：就餐时总是要在各种缘由下向人敬酒：可以是非正式的，向朋友或同事（完整）跨文化案例选集1 敬酒；也可以是正式的，向全体聚会的人敬酒.与中国式的敬酒大不相同的是，在西 方正式的敬酒时，受敬的人是不能喝酒的，而是正襟危坐，两眼睁睁看别人喝酒.另 一个不同是：无论正式还

65、是非正式，敬酒的人不必走过去敬酒,而是在自己的座位处 站起来敬酒敬酒时开始的语言永远是：“向”，而其他随敬酒的人重复敬酒人的 第一句话（即“向”），然后喝一口酒敬酒时如果举了杯，说了敬词，而实际上 没有喝酒,就会被看做十分不恭的行为，在很久以前甚至于被认为是一种侮辱，是不 想加入敬酒的仪式.Case19An American went to Chinese home。 He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. The visitor drank the second cup。 The n the cup was filled the third time. The n he dra nk it, the n un til the visitor was quite full。 Why?Analysis : 在中国的传统文化习俗里，主任通常会不断给客人倒水倒茶，或者不断 地给客人