英语中形容词的用法课堂PPT

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1、12一、形容词的定义一、形容词的定义 用来修饰名词或代词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的表示人或事物的性质性质,状态状态,和特征的词称为形容词。和特征的词称为形容词。二、形容词的用法：二、形容词的用法：1.作定语，一般作定语，一般放在名词放在名词之前。之前。eg.Its a sunny day today.今天是个阳光灿烂的日子。今天是个阳光灿烂的日子。3eg.She has a red coat.她有一件红色的外套。她有一件红色的外套。its a beautiful butterfly.这是只漂亮的蝴蝶这是只漂亮的蝴蝶Whatafineday!多好的天气！Thisisaninteresti

2、ngstory.这是一个有趣的故事。Kittyisaclevercat.Kitty是一只聪明的猫。42.做后置定语做后置定语放在放在不定代词不定代词 something，anything，nothing，everything 等之后等之后Would you like something hot to drink？你想喝点热的饮料你想喝点热的饮料 吗？吗？我有重要的事要告诉你。我有重要的事要告诉你。电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？这儿一点都不危险。这儿一点都不危险。I have something important to tell you.Is there anything

3、 interesting in the film?There is nothing dangerous here.5 Somethingserioushashappenedtohim.他发生了严重的事故。Isthereanythingnewintodaysnewspaper.今天的报纸有什么新的内容吗？Areyoudoinganythingimportanttonight?你今晚有重要的事吗？Heassomethinginterestingtotellyou.他有些有趣的事要告诉你。6 与介宾短语或不定式短语配合使用时一与介宾短语或不定式短语配合使用时一起放在被修饰的名词之后起放在被修饰的名词

4、之后。This is a glass full of water.这是一个装满水的玻璃杯。这是一个装满水的玻璃杯。He is a person easy to get along with.他是一个容易相处的人。他是一个容易相处的人。Africa is a continent very difficult to reach.非洲是一块很难到达的大陆。非洲是一块很难到达的大陆。The old fisherman dragged up an old basket full of sand.老渔夫拖上来一只装满沙子的旧篮子。老渔夫拖上来一只装满沙子的旧篮子。7与表示长，宽，高，重，老，远离的词连用时

5、后置。heisaman1.8metrestall.他是一位身高1.8米的男士。Beijingisacity1213kilometersawayfromhere.北京是一个离这里1213公里之外的城市。Hecrossedastreet15metreswide.他穿过一条15米宽的街道。82.形容词形容词 作表语，放在作表语，放在连系动词连系动词的后面。的后面。存在存在 类：类：belooksoundtastesmellfeelseemprove 持续持续 类类:staykeepremain 变化变化 类类:becometurngetgrow 9 eg.He looks happy today.他

6、今天看起来得很高兴他今天看起来得很高兴 I feel very tired after playing football.踢球之后我觉得很累。踢球之后我觉得很累。Yao Ming is very tall.姚明非常高。姚明非常高。Our classroom is big and bright.我们的教室又大又明亮。我们的教室又大又明亮。10 Thepricesoundsreasonable.这个价格听起来合理。Hislifebecomesmoreandmorebetter.他的生活变得越来越好。Pricesremainstablethroughout.物价始终保持稳定的状态。113.形容词形容

7、词用作宾语补足语用作宾语补足语，放在，放在宾语宾语之后。之后。（在动词（在动词consider，find，believe，think，make，get，keep等词后常用形容词做宾补）eg.Dont keep the door open.别让门敞着。别让门敞着。His success made him happy.他的成功让他感到幸福。他的成功让他感到幸福。Dont make your hands dirty.别让你的手弄脏了。别让你的手弄脏了。Were trying to make our school beautiful.我们要使校园变漂亮。我们要使校园变漂亮。124.多个形容词修饰一个名

8、词时，其顺序为多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序为:限定词限定词（冠词（冠词指示代词指示代词形容词性物形容词性物主代词）主代词）描绘性形容词（大小、长短、高描绘性形容词（大小、长短、高低、形状低、形状 、年龄、新旧年龄、新旧、颜色、颜色）国籍国籍地区地区出处出处物质材料物质材料用途用途类别类别+名名词词县县 官官 行行 令令 宴宴 国国 才才A small round wooden table 一张小圆木桌一张小圆木桌A tall white building 一幢高大的白色建筑物一幢高大的白色建筑物A famous American medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院一个非

9、常著名的美国医学院 13 Thereisafamousfineoldstonebridgenearthevillage.村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。Iboughtacheapblueplasticpencilboxyesterday.昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒 Theyhavegotaroundbrownwoodentable.他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。141.One day they crossed the _ bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stone C.old stone Chines

10、e D.Chinese stone old15形容词的级别形容词的级别大多数形容词有三个级别:原级：即形容词的原形,用来说明人或事物的特征。如：small,good,pretty,big,clever,tall等。Mybrotherisclever.Todayishot.16比较级：用在两个人或物之间的比较。如：small（小的）-smaller（更小的）good（好）-better（更好）tall（高）-taller（更高）,old（旧）-older（更旧）,many/much（多）more（更多）等。TomistallerthanBob.Iamtallerthanmybrother.17最

11、高级：用来比较三个或三个以上的人或物。small(小的)-thesmallest(最小的)tall(高的)-thetallest（最高的）new(新的)-thenewest（最新的）good(好)-thebest（最好）Maryistheyoungestinmyclass.18规则变化规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词单音节词和少数双音节词 1)1)一般情况加一般情况加 er 或或 est fast faster fastest high higher highest clever cleverer cleverest19 talltallertallest narrownarrowernarro

12、west small young New longyoungersmallestsmalleryoungestnewernewestlongerlongest20 2)2)以字母以字母 e 结尾加结尾加 r 或或 st fine finer finest late later latest nice nicer nicest21 widewiderwidest rude brave ableablerablestbraverbravestruderrudest223)3)以辅音字母加以辅音字母加 y 结尾变结尾变 y 为为 i 加加 er 或或 est early earlier earlie

13、st easy easier easiest lucky luckier luckiest 23 heavy Happy easyheavierheaviesthappierhappiesteasiereasiest244)4)以一个元音字母以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母一个辅音字母且词尾音节重读时，且词尾音节重读时，双写双写词尾辅音词尾辅音字母加字母加 er 或或 est fat fatter fattest big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest hot hotterhottest25规则变化规则变化 大多数双音节词和多音节词大多数双音节词和多音节词

14、 在词前加most（程度加深）或less（程度减弱）变为比较级、加most（程度最深）或least（程度减弱）变为最高级。26more/lessmost/leastmore/lessmost/leastmore/less carefullymost/least carefulyinteresting more/less interestingmost/least interesting27good/well better best many/much more most little less least bad/badly/ill worse worst侧重点不同的不规则变化，侧重点不同的不

15、规则变化，P6728 1.Birdscanfly_,eagles（鹰）canfly _thanbirds.Theyfly_intheworld.(high,higher,highest)2.Iam_thanmybrother,butmylittlesisteris the_ofus.(fat,fatter,fattest)3.Whichcanswim_,fishorsharks?(well,better,best)4.Thegreenbookisa_book,buttheredoneismuch_thanthegreenone.Itsthe_bookinthebookshop.(nice,ni

16、cer,nicest)5.Lookatthatboy,heisrunning_(fast,faster).6.Ithinkthatbookis_(good,better)foryou.练习练习highhigherhighestfatterfattestbetternicenicernicestfastbetter29 7.Thenewlibraryhas_(many,more)booksthantheoldone.8.Sallyis_(tall,taller)thanhercousin.9.Ourschoolismuch_(large,larger)thanyours.10.Look,Jane

17、tisjumping_(high,higher)thanMike.moretallerlargerhigher30 副词：用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。31副词副词的词形:与形容词同形，如:fastearlylonghighThiscarrunsfast.Theywenttoschoolearlyyesterday.在形容词后加词缀ly转化成副词，如：quietquietlyperfectperfectlyfirmfirmlyhappy-happily32副词的用法 副词在句中可用作：1)状语(这是副词在句子中的主要功用)Itisrain

18、inghard.雨下得很大。(副词hard作状语，修饰动词israining。)Dontdrivetoofast.车子不要开得太快。(fast是副词，作状语，修饰动词drive，副词too又修饰副词fast。)HespeaksEnglishquitewell.他英语讲得相当好。(well修饰动词speaks，quite又修饰副词well。)Thisisafairlyusefultool，这是一件相当有用的工具。(fairly修饰形容词useful)Hehasalwayshelpedhissisterwithherhomework.他一向帮助他妹妹做家庭作业。(always修饰动词hashelp

19、ed)Sheoftenwentthere.她常到那儿去。(often和there均是副词，修饰动词went。)Perhapshewilltelephonelater.也许他以后会打电话来的。(perhaps是副词，用以修饰全句。33 2)表语Isheup?他起床了没有?Sheisout.她出去了。3)定语Lifehereisfullofjoy.这儿的生活充满了欢乐。(here修饰名词life)341.副词的作用副词的作用:用来修饰动词用来修饰动词.形容词形容词.其它副词其它副词.全句或全句或 名词词组及句子名词词组及句子用用 法法例例 句句作表语作表语My mother is out 作定语作

20、定语The girl there is my friend 作状语作状语He runs fast 作宾补作宾补I found him outside二、副词352、副词在句子中的位置以及作用作状语：时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。如：WewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城)/TheyhavealreadybeentotheUKtwice.(他们去过英王国两次)/Soonthelostboyfoundhiswaybackhome.(

21、不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、threetimes等一般放在句尾。如：SometimesIgetupearly.(我有时起得早)/Theworkersusuallyhavelunchatthefactory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭)/Takethismedicinetwiceaday.(这种药一天吃两次)方式副词：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Oldpeoplecanhardlywal

22、kasquicklyasyoungpeople.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快)/Suddenlyhesawalightinthedarkcave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)36地点副词：一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。如：Thereyoucanseethousandsofbikesrunninginalldirections(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动)/Thefrightenedwolfranaway.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)/Hewalkedoutquietlyandturnedbacksoon.(他悄悄地走

23、了出去,很快又返回)程度副词：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：Inearlyforgotallaboutitifhedidnottellmeagain.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了)/ItwassostrangethatIcouldhardlybelievemyears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵)/Shegottothestationearlyenoughtocatchthefirstbus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)疑问

24、副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如：Whenandwherewereyouborn?(你何时何地出生？)/WhydidlittleEdisonsitonsomeeggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？)/Howdoyoudo?(你好！)37连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。HowIamgoingtokillthecatisstillaquestion.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)/Thatiswhyeveryoneisafraidofthetiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)/Hewonderedhowhecoulddoitthenex

25、tday.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)关系副词：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如：ThisistheplacewhereMrZhangoncelived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)/PleasetellmethewayhowyouhavelearnedEnglishsowell.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)其它副词：too“也”,用在句尾；also放在动词前；either“也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在

26、句首；certainly放在句首或动词之前。如：HewenttothePalaceMuseumandIwentthere,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了)/Maybeyourticketisinyourinsidepocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里)/-Tomdoesnthaveacomputer.NordoI.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)38 2.6副词的比较等级和形容词同形的副词的形式变化与形容词完全相同。但以词尾-1y结尾的副词(注意early一词的-1y不是副词的词尾)须用more和most。另外，须注意下面例词中well，badly的不规则变化。如：原级比较级最高级

27、hard努力地harderhardestfast快fasterfastestwell好betterbestbadly坏worseworstearly早earlierearliestquickly快morequicklymostquicklyhappily快乐地morehappilymosthappily392.有许多副词是对应的形容词有许多副词是对应的形容词加加ly构成构成real really如如:strong strongly词尾是词尾是y的要把的要把y变为变为i再加再加 ly,如如:busy busily happy happily40有几个特殊的要去有几个特殊的要去e后再加后再加-ly

28、或或y,如如:true truly terrible-terribly以以e结尾的结尾的,大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly,如如:wide widely brave bravely 41good的副词是的副词是well.well 也可作形容也可作形容词用，但只有唯一的意思词用，但只有唯一的意思healthy 健康的健康的hard 既是形容词也是副词既是形容词也是副词,作形容词作形容词是是“困难的困难的”difficult，作副词是，作副词是“努力地努力地”。hardly的意思是的意思是“几乎不几乎不”它和它和hard没关系没关系4243444546五as+形容词或副词原级+as1）在否定句或疑问

29、句中可用soas。例如：Hecannotrunso/asfastasyou.他没你跑得快。2）当asas中间有名词时采用以下格式：as+形容词+a+单数名词/as+many/much+名词。例如：Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.这个例子和另外一个一样好。Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.你能搬多少纸，我也能。3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如：Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.这房间的面积是那间的两倍。Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine.你的房间和我的一样大。

30、4）倍数+as+adj.+as倍数+the+of。例如：Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.Yourroomistwiceaslargeasmine.你的房间是我的两倍大。Yourroomistwicethesizeofmine.47 六比较级形容词或副词+than。例如：YouaretallerthanI.你比我高。Theylightsinyourroomarebrighterthanthoseinmine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。注意：1

31、）要避免重复使用比较级。（错）Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.（对）Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.48 十和more有关的词组，1）themorethemore越就越。例如：Theharderyouwork，thegreaterprogressyoullmake.越努力，进步越大。2）moreBthanA=lessAthanB与其说A不如说B。例如：Heismorelazythanslowathiswork.=Heislessslowthanlazyathiswork.他工作时，与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。3）nomorethan与一样，

32、不比多。例如：TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。nolessthan与一样。例如：Heisnolessdiligentthanyou.他和你一样勤勉。4950 51 52535455 56 57585960 61c62 63647、The bread is _ than these cakesA、very delicious B.much delicious C.more delicious D.as delicious8.Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school s

33、ports meeting A.far B.farther C.farthest D.quite far9.When they met in the hotel.They talked and laughed _A.happily B.happy C.happier D.happiest10.which is _ season in Beijing?A.good B.better C.best D.the bestCCAD6511.I think Yao ming the famous basketball player,he will be _ new Star in NBA hot B.h

34、otter C.hottest D.the hottest 12.In our city its _ in July,but it is even _ in August hotter hottest B.hot hot C.hotter hot D.hot hotter13.Hainan is a very large Island.It is the second _ island in china large B.larger C.largest D.most largest 14.An elephant is _ than a tiger heavy B.very heavy C.th

35、e heaviest D.heavierDDCD6615.A horse is _ than a dog Much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier 16.Emma always makes a lot of mistakes.She is _ Care B.careful C.carefully D.careless17.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?Interesting B.most interesting C.More interesting D.the most interesting CDC67

36、18.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box strong B.stronger C.much stronger .D.the strongest 19.Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy A.less more B.few much C.more little D.little many 20.When the famous singer started to sing,everyone began to shout very _ loudly B.loud C

37、.heavily D.high AAA68形容词练习：形容词练习：21.This coat is a bit too for me.Do you have a size in blue.?A.small,big B.small,bigger C.small,bigger D.small,big22.He is so tired that he fell as soon as he lay down.A.sleep B.sleeping C.sleepy D.asleep23.If I had ,Id go to Egypt and have a book at the Great Pyrami

38、d.A.a long enough holiday B.an enough long holiday C.a holiday enough long D.a long holiday enough24.He works very .He has a rest on Sundays.A.hard,hardly B.hardly,hard C.hard,hard D.hardly,hardly25.July and August are the months in a year.A.hot B.hotter C.hotest D.hottest26.What do you think of the

39、 bridge?I have never seen before?A.so a long one B.so long one C.such a long one D.a such longBDAADC6927.30,000 dollars is a large amount of money,but it is than we need.A.far more B.very much C.far less D.very little28.Its kind you to give me such great help.A.for B.of C.with D.to29.America is one

40、of the countries in the world.A.most develop B.most developing C.most developed D.most development30.John did his brother in the exam.A.so badly as B.as good as C.more careful than D.much more carefully than31.Hearing the good news,Mary looked and looked at us.A.happyhappily B.happilyhappy C.happyhappy D.happilyhappily32.China is larger than in Asia.A.any other country B.any country C.any other countries D.any countriesCBCDAA