牛津英语模块6Unit4Section课件

《牛津英语模块6Unit4Section课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《牛津英语模块6Unit4Section课件（71页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Unit 4Helping people around the worldSection Welcome to the unit&ReadingLanguage Points栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world1.lackv&n缺乏；缺少；不足缺乏；缺少；不足(教材教材P49)When there is a lack of food，there is hunger.当缺少食物时就会有饥饿产生。当缺少食物时就会有饥饿产生。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)lack nothing什

2、么都不缺什么都不缺(2)for lack of 因缺乏因缺乏；因没有；因没有have no lack of 不缺乏不缺乏(3)lacking adj.缺乏的缺乏的，不足的不足的be lacking(in)sth.缺少某物缺少某物 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldHe is good at his job but he seems _ confidence.他工作不错，但似乎缺乏信心。他工作不错，但似乎缺乏信心。Negative influences include lack of moral sense，criminal offence

3、s，and over consumption.消极的影响包括缺乏道德感，刑事犯罪和过度消费等。消极的影响包括缺乏道德感，刑事犯罪和过度消费等。Several research institutions were closed down _fund.由于缺乏资金，好几家研究所被迫关由于缺乏资金，好几家研究所被迫关门了。门了。She is lacking in confidence when delivering a speech in public.在公共场合发言时，她缺乏信心。在公共场合发言时，她缺乏信心。to lack for lack of 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping pe

4、ople around the world【活用活用】用用lack的适当形式或短语完成小片段的适当形式或短语完成小片段It was because we _ the fund that we couldnt finish the research._ fund made us not carry out the experiment._ the experiment data，we had to stop the research.因为缺少资金我们没能完成那个研究。缺少资金使我们没因为缺少资金我们没能完成那个研究。缺少资金使我们没能做实验。因为缺少实验数据能做实验。因为缺少实验数据，我们只能停

5、止研究。我们只能停止研究。lacked/were lacking inThe lack ofFor lack of栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world2.worthyadj.名副其实的；值得的名副其实的；值得的，相称的；有价值相称的；有价值的的(教材教材P50)With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations，the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.在这些军队和其他有价值的组织的帮助下在这些军队和其他有价值的组织

6、的帮助下，联合国扶助了战争和灾难中的受害者。联合国扶助了战争和灾难中的受害者。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)worthy在句中可作表语和宾语。常用句式有：在句中可作表语和宾语。常用句式有：be worthy ofn./being donebe worthyto be done(2)worthwhile在句中可作表语、定语和宾语补足语在句中可作表语、定语和宾语补足语。常用句式有：。常用句式有：It is worthwhileto do/doing sth.主语动词主语动词itworthwhiledoing/to do sth.(3

7、)worth在句中只作表语。常用句式有：在句中只作表语。常用句式有：be worth钱数钱数/名词名词be(well)worthdoing sth.栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldThe money we raise will be going to use a very worthy cause.我们筹集的钱将用于非常令人敬重的事业。我们筹集的钱将用于非常令人敬重的事业。No composer was considered worthy of the name until he had written an opera.作曲家直到写出

8、一部歌剧才会被认为是名副其实的作曲家直到写出一部歌剧才会被认为是名副其实的。He is a boy who is worthy _他是一个值得夸奖的男孩。他是一个值得夸奖的男孩。of being praised/to be praised栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldHelping the disabled is a worthwhile activity.帮助残疾人是一项很有意义的活动。帮助残疾人是一项很有意义的活动。Its worthwhile _ the trouble to explain some questions ful

9、ly to new classmates.给新同学详细解释一些问题，费点事也是值得的。给新同学详细解释一些问题，费点事也是值得的。taking/to take 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world温馨提示温馨提示worthy和和worthwhile可以用副词可以用副词 very 修饰；修饰；但但worth其程度修饰语为其程度修饰语为well，不可用不可用very修饰。修饰。【活用活用】选用上述单词填空选用上述单词填空(1)His behavior is _ of great praise.(2)This suggestion is_ to

10、be considered.(3)The picture is _$500.(4)The clock is hardly_ repairing.worthyworthyworthworth栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world3.equalvt.等于；抵得上等于；抵得上 adj.相等的；胜任的相等的；胜任的 n同等同等/相等的人或物相等的人或物(教材教材P50)In addition，the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws，for ex

11、ample，those on child labour and on equal rights for minorities and women.此外此外，联合国维护人权联合国维护人权，努力改进国际法律努力改进国际法律，例如关于那例如关于那些童工些童工少数民族和妇女的平等权利的斗争。少数民族和妇女的平等权利的斗争。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)A equals B in.A 在在方面比得上方面比得上B(2)be equal ton./doing sth.等于；与等于；与相等；有相等；有的能力；胜任的能力；胜任be equal i

12、n sth.在某方面相等在某方面相等(3)be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比无与伦比(4)equally adv.同样地同样地，平等地平等地equality n.平等平等 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldShe should be as free and equal as whites.她应该和白人一样自由和平等。她应该和白人一样自由和平等。As far as Im concerned，he is not equal to the job.就我个人而言，他不适合就我个人而言，他不适合/不能胜任这项工作

13、。不能胜任这项工作。No one _ him in strength.论力气，无人能和他相比。论力气，无人能和他相比。This job could be done equally well by a computer.这个工作用计算机同样可以做得很好。这个工作用计算机同样可以做得很好。Yao Ming is a basketball player _ in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。equalswithout equal 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world【活用活用】用用equ

14、al的相关用法完成句子的相关用法完成句子Though he _ them _ height，no one can _ him _ playing basketball.尽管他和他们的身高相同尽管他和他们的身高相同，但在打篮球方面无人能与他但在打篮球方面无人能与他匹敌。匹敌。is equal toinequalin栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world4.contributevt.&vi.捐献捐献，捐赠捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成捐助；贡献；促成，导致导致(教材教材P51)They collect approximately 1.35 yuan pe

15、r day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.她们每天从每个小组成员那里收取大约她们每天从每个小组成员那里收取大约1.35元元，将这些钱将这些钱和政府资助的一部分钱加在一起。和政府资助的一部分钱加在一起。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)contribute.to.把把贡献给贡献给contribute to.导致导致；是；是的成因之一；的成因之一；向向投稿；有助于投稿；有助于(2)contribution n.贡献；捐款；稿

16、件贡献；捐款；稿件make contributions/a contribution to.对对作出贡献作出贡献，为为捐献捐献栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldTo prepare for it，I read many books，recited thousands of English words，which did contribute to my answering the questions and ensured me a good performance during the exam.为了准备考试，我读了很多书，背了成百上千

17、个为了准备考试，我读了很多书，背了成百上千个单词，这的确有助于我解决问题并且确保我在考试中取得单词，这的确有助于我解决问题并且确保我在考试中取得好成绩。好成绩。It was generous of her to _ such a large sum of money _ the Red Cross.她很慷慨，向红十字会捐助了那么大一笔钱。她很慷慨，向红十字会捐助了那么大一笔钱。contribute to栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldShe contributes regularly to a physics journal.她经常向一

18、家物理杂志社投稿。她经常向一家物理杂志社投稿。He _ the overall success of the project.他对项目的全面成功作出了非常积极的贡献。他对项目的全面成功作出了非常积极的贡献。made a very positive contribution to栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world【活用活用】用用contribute的适当形式完成小片段的适当形式完成小片段Many people _ the poor boy，which _ his returning to school.A teacher wrote a s

19、tory about this and _ a newspaper.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校这使他重新回到了校园。一位老师写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投到了园。一位老师写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投到了报社。报社。contributed money tocontributed tocontributed it to栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world5.expandvi.&vt.扩展扩展，发展发展(业务业务)；扩大；扩大，增强增强(教材教材P51)With luck their group

20、 will be able to expand and maybe set up a shop.运气好的话运气好的话，她们的小组还能够进一步扩大她们的小组还能够进一步扩大，或许还能或许还能开一个店铺。开一个店铺。expand into/to 使扩大使扩大，变大变大，将将扩展扩展(充充)成成expand on/upon 详述；详细阐明详述；详细阐明 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldWeve expanded the business by opening two more stores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。我们增开了两个商店以扩

21、展业务。The village expanded into/to a town.这个村子发展成了一个城镇。这个村子发展成了一个城镇。I will _this problem next time.我下次再详细谈这个问题。我下次再详细谈这个问题。As children grow older they expand their interests and become more confident.随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得更自信。更自信。expand on 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around

22、the world易混辨析易混辨析expand，extend，spread，stretch，enlargeexpand“展开展开，扩大扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围还可指范围和体积的扩大。和体积的扩大。extend“伸出伸出，延伸，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。spread“伸开伸开，传播传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围围，如传播如传播(疾病疾病)，散布。散布。stretch“伸展伸展，拉长拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸一般指由曲

23、变直、由短变长的伸展展，不是加长。不是加长。enlarge“扩大扩大”，多指具体物品如相片的放大。也可指扩多指具体物品如相片的放大。也可指扩大视野大视野，增长知识。增长知识。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world【活用活用】选用上述单词填空选用上述单词填空(1)Our land _ as far as the river.(2)Im thinking about _ my business.(3)The exercises are designed to _ your leg muscles.(4)Fire _ rapidly after a

24、 chemical truck exploded.(5)We _ our views by reading.extendsexpandingstretchspreadenlarge栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world6.urgentadj.紧迫的；紧急的；非常重要的；急需的紧迫的；紧急的；非常重要的；急需的(教材教材P51)Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts，the UN helps countries with other problems such as

25、 lack of education，starvation，disasters，AIDS and other diseases.除了战争和冲突而产生的紧急问题外除了战争和冲突而产生的紧急问题外，联合国还帮助联合国还帮助诸如教育资源匮乏、饥饿、灾难、艾滋等其他疾病的诸如教育资源匮乏、饥饿、灾难、艾滋等其他疾病的国家。国家。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)be in urgent need of 急需急需be urgent for sb.(to do)急切地催促某人急切地催促某人(做做)make an urgent request f

26、or.紧急请求紧急请求be urgent with sb.for sth.催促催促/硬要某人做某事硬要某人做某事，急促地向某人了解急促地向某人了解It is urgent that.(should)do.急需急需 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(2)urge vt.驱策驱策，鼓励；催促鼓励；催促，力劝力劝urge(sb.)on sth.鼓励鼓励(某人某人)做某事；做某事；激励；激励；为为(某人某人)加油加油urge sb.to do/into doing sth.敦促敦促/怂恿怂恿/强烈要求强烈要求/力劝某人做某事力劝某人做某事urg

27、e against sth.极力反对某事极力反对某事urge for sth.极力主张某事极力主张某事urgethat从句从句 (that从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气，谓语部分用谓语部分用should动词原形动词原形，其中其中should 可以省略可以省略)栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(3)urgency n.紧迫之事紧迫之事What is the most urgent problem of all?最急迫的问题是什么？最急迫的问题是什么？They _the doctor to come.他们急需医生前来。他们急需医生前来。It

28、is urgent that food and clothing _ the sufferers.急需将食物急需将食物和衣服送给灾民。和衣服送给灾民。are urgent for(should)be sent to 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldTheyve _international aid.他们紧急请求国际援助。他们紧急请求国际援助。Unfortunately，a few months later，customers were in urgent need of money and they must be in dollars

29、.不巧的是，数月后，客户急需这笔钱不巧的是，数月后，客户急需这笔钱 ，且必须是美元。，且必须是美元。What can we do to urge these lazy workers to work hard?我们怎样才能敦促这些懒惰的工人去努力工作呢？我们怎样才能敦促这些懒惰的工人去努力工作呢？My friends urged that _the job.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。made an urgent request forI (should)apply for栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world7.re

30、fer to查阅；参考；谈到；提到；适用于；涉及查阅；参考；谈到；提到；适用于；涉及(教材教材P50)I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国国，联合国也叫联合国也叫UN这个名称更常用。这个名称更常用。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)refer sth.to.把把提交

31、给提交给be referred to 被提交给被提交给refer to.as.把把看成是看成是；把把称作称作be referred to as 被看成是；被称为被看成是；被称为(2)reference n.参考参考reference book 参考书参考书make a reference to 参考参考 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldDont refer to this matter again，please.请不要再提这件事了。请不要再提这件事了。You can _ your notes when you are speaking.

32、你发言时可以看稿子。你发言时可以看稿子。The old soldier referred to his experiences during the Long March.老战士谈到了长征时的一些经历。老战士谈到了长征时的一些经历。These books _ Asian problems.这些书涉及亚洲的问题。这些书涉及亚洲的问题。refer to refer to 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world【活用活用】翻译句中的划线部分翻译句中的划线部分(1)He never referred to his sisters in his let

33、ters._(2)If you dont know the spelling of a word，you should refer to a dictionary._(3)The matter has been referred to the United Nations._(4)He is referred to as a great artist._涉及涉及，提到提到查阅查阅，参考参考被提交给被提交给被看成是被看成是栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world8.draw ones attention to使使(某人某人)察觉到；吸引某人的注意

34、力于察觉到；吸引某人的注意力于(教材教材P51)In addition，my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local peoples attention to the situation.此外此外，我的访问将鼓励正工作在这些项目上的人我的访问将鼓励正工作在这些项目上的人，并引并引起当地人对此种形势的关注。起当地人对此种形势的关注。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldcatch/attract sb.s attention吸引某人的注意力吸引某人的

35、注意力bring sth.to sb.s attention 使某人关注某事使某人关注某事turn sb.s attention to 把某人的注意力转向把某人的注意力转向pay attention to 注意注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on 集中注意力集中注意力/精力于精力于call ones attention to 唤起某人对唤起某人对的注意的注意pay attention to 注意注意 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world温馨提示温馨提示以上短语中的以上短语中的 to、on都是介词

36、都是介词，其后接名其后接名词、代词或动名词。词、代词或动名词。He drew my attention to a point I had overlooked.他使我察觉到我忽略了的一点。他使我察觉到我忽略了的一点。She paid much attention to her appearance.她很注重外表。她很注重外表。A great deal of attention has been paid to _the environment.人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。You should _ your work.你应该把注意力放到工作上。你应该把注意力放到工

37、作上。protectingfix/focus/concentrate your attention on 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world【活用活用】根据英语句子完成汉语句子根据英语句子完成汉语句子(1)I tried not to draw attention to the weak points in my argument.我尽量我尽量_我论证中的软肋。我论证中的软肋。(2)I have been asked to draw your attention to the following matters.有人要求我有人要求我_以下

38、事情。以下事情。(3)What first caught/attracted/drew my attention was his voice.首先首先_他的声音。他的声音。(4)Lets turn our attention to the matter at hand.让我们让我们_手头的问题上。手头的问题上。使人不察觉到使人不察觉到让你注意让你注意吸引我注意力的是吸引我注意力的是把注意力转到把注意力转到栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world.词汇自测词汇自测1The earthquake victims are in _(紧急的紧急的)ne

39、ed of medical supplies.2After three days without food，he was close to _(饥饿饥饿)3After she retired，she did a lot of _(志愿志愿的的)work for the Red Cross.urgentstarvationvoluntary栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world4Mr.Johnson insisted that the problem of _(有价值的有价值的)attention should be discussed at

40、the meeting.5The discovery shows that Westerners pay _(同等的同等的)attention to the eyes and the mouth.worthyequal栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world.选词填空选词填空1The article is aimed at _ peoples _ light pollution，because of which，we can hardly see any stars in the sky at night.2Its a challenge fo

41、r us to recite the text in front of the class without _ our books.refer to；contribute to；under the umbrella of；in addition；draw ones attention todrawingattention toreferring to栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world3_，many farmers paid attention only to exploiting the land.4Honesty and hard wo

42、rk _success and happiness.5In our country，primary education comes _ our government.In additioncontribute tounder the umbrella of栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world.单项填空单项填空 1Only by _ your attention _ what you are learning can you learn it well.Afocus；on Bfocusing；onCpaying；on Dpay；on解析：解析

43、：句意：只有专注于你正在学习的内容你才能把它学句意：只有专注于你正在学习的内容你才能把它学好。好。focus ones attention on专注于。故选专注于。故选B。B栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world2It is requested that the reporter _ to blame for the wrong report.Areferring to be Breferring to asCreferred to be Dreferred to being解析：句意：要求所涉及的那位记者应对错误报道承担责解析：句意：要求所

44、涉及的那位记者应对错误报道承担责任。任。referred to 为过去分词短语作定语修饰为过去分词短语作定语修饰reporter。It is requested后的从句用虚拟语气后的从句用虚拟语气should动词原形动词原形，should可省略。故答案为可省略。故答案为C项。项。C栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world3In my opinion,it is also urgent that the library _ open during the vacation.Amust be kept Bis keptCwould be kept

45、Dbe kept解析：考查固定句式解析：考查固定句式It is urgent that.(should)do.。在我。在我看来看来，假期期间也迫切需要开放图书馆。假期期间也迫切需要开放图书馆。D栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world4Our foreign trade has _ greatly in recent years.Aexpanded BenlargedCwidened Dsurvived解析：解析：expand指范围、程度、体积和尺寸等方面的扩大指范围、程度、体积和尺寸等方面的扩大或增加。句意：我国的对外贸易近年来已有极大发展。

46、或增加。句意：我国的对外贸易近年来已有极大发展。A栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world5This beer isnt bad.Im beginning to _ a taste for it.Aacquire BachieveCobtain Dattain解析：句意：这种啤酒不错解析：句意：这种啤酒不错，我已经开始有了这种嗜好。我已经开始有了这种嗜好。acquire获得获得，拥有拥有，一般指经过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。一般指经过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。由句意可知由句意可知A项正确。项正确。A栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping peopl

47、e around the world6Everyone is encouraged to _something to those who suffered a great deal in the earthquake.Aconstruct BconnectCcontribute Dcollect解析：句意：鼓励每个人为遭遇地震灾难的那些人捐献点解析：句意：鼓励每个人为遭遇地震灾难的那些人捐献点什么。什么。contribute“捐献捐献，捐赠捐赠”符合题意。符合题意。C栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world7Our teacher insist

48、ed that the key words worth paying attention _ before class.Ato underlined Bwas underlinedCto be underlined Dto being underlined解析：考查虚拟语气。分析句子结构可知解析：考查虚拟语气。分析句子结构可知，worth paying attention to作作the key words的后置定语；的后置定语；insist表示表示“坚持坚持主张主张”时时，其宾语从句使用虚拟语气其宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用谓语动词使用should do，should可以省略可以省略，

49、因此该从句谓语为因此该从句谓语为(should)be underlined，因此选择因此选择C。解该题的关键在于弄清句子结。解该题的关键在于弄清句子结构构，不要受思维定式的干扰而误选不要受思维定式的干扰而误选D。C栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world8Do you think it _ to spend 70 yuan watching the film“The flowers of war”？Havent you seen the film?I think it is well _ the money.Aworthy；worth Bwor

50、thwhile；worthCworth；worthy Dworthy；worthwhileB栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world解析：选解析：选worth和和worthy都可用作表语都可用作表语，意为意为“值得值得”，两两个词的用法和搭配不同个词的用法和搭配不同，be(well)worth名词名词/doing，意为意为“(很很)值得某物值得某物/做某事做某事”，里面的名词多表示钱或价格里面的名词多表示钱或价格，worth不能单独作表语不能单独作表语，也不能作定语；根据第二空排除也不能作定语；根据第二空排除C、D；be worthyof名词名

51、词/ofbeing done/to be done，worthy还可作定语还可作定语，意为意为“可尊敬的可尊敬的，有价值的有价值的”，第一空第一空后面的不定式没有用被动形式后面的不定式没有用被动形式，排除排除A；It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事值得做某事，故选故选B。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world1.(教材教材P49)In some areas where there have been wars，special soldiers help keep the peace.在有战争的地区在有战

52、争的地区，特种部队帮助维持治安。特种部队帮助维持治安。句法分析句法分析此句中此句中“there have been”为为there be句型的完成时形式。句型的完成时形式。there be句型的用法如下：句型的用法如下：表示某个事物在什么地方，其结构为表示某个事物在什么地方，其结构为“There be主语主语其他成分其他成分”。其中。其中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词遵循就近原则。遵循就近原则。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(1)Therebe主语现在分词作定语。句中现在分词表主语现在分词作定语

53、。句中现在分词表示主动关系示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行。有时现在分词可表同时表示动作正在进行。有时现在分词可表示一种状态。示一种状态。(2)There be句型中句型中，谓语动词除用谓语动词除用be之外之外，还可用某些状还可用某些状态动词态动词，如：如：remain，lie，exist，live，stand以及表示位以及表示位置转移的动词置转移的动词arrive，come，enter，follow，rise，appear，occur等。等。(3)There be句型的非限定形式有句型的非限定形式有there to be和和there being两两种形式种形式，它们可以在句中作主语、宾语、

54、状语等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语、状语等。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(4)Therebeing形式还可以用作状语分句形式还可以用作状语分句，形成独立主形成独立主格结构。格结构。(5)there be句型的变式有：句型的变式有：There used to be.曾经有曾经有(但现在没有了但现在没有了)There is/are going to be.将有将有There happened to be.恰好有恰好有栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(6)特殊的表达方式：特殊的表达

55、方式：There is no sense/point in doing sth.做某事是没有用做某事是没有用的的，没有意义的没有意义的There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事没有必要做某事There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有人们认为有/据说有据说有/据报道有据报道有There is no doing (口语口语)不可能不可能栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldThere is a desk and three chairs in the room.房间里有一张书桌和

56、三把椅子。房间里有一张书桌和三把椅子。_ three chairs and a desk in the room.房间里有三把椅子和一张书桌。房间里有三把椅子和一张书桌。There appeared to be nobody willing to help.看来没人愿意帮忙。看来没人愿意帮忙。_ a building here.过去这儿有一座楼房。过去这儿有一座楼房。_ in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。跟他生气是没有用的。We expect there to be no objections.我们希望不会有人反对。我们希望不会有人反对。There are There

57、 used to be There is no sense/point 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world2.(教材教材P49)This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.这些土地过去很难耕种这些土地过去很难耕种，但是现在已经能够把水抽到地但是现在已经能够把水抽到地里了。里了。句法分析句法分析句中句中was difficult to farm为为“主动形式表被动含义主动形式表被动含义”。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping

58、 people around the world“be形容词形容词to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。表示被动意义。(1)这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑语语，按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式，但习惯上却要但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有awkward，convenient，dangerous，difficult，easy，hard，impossible，interesting，nice，pleasant，safe，t

59、ough，tricky，unpleasant 等。等。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world(2)有时形容词后跟有名词有时形容词后跟有名词，在名词后用作定语的不定式在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。有少数用于类似结构的形容词用主动形式表示被动意义。有少数用于类似结构的形容词(如如fit，ready，free等等)，其中的不定式用主动式和被动式其中的不定式用主动式和被动式均可。均可。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldThe question is difficult to a

60、nswer.这问题很难回答。这问题很难回答。It is a _这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。The water is not fit to drink/to be drunk.这水不适合饮用。这水不适合饮用。pleasant thing to remember栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world3.(教材教材P50)I feel very honored to have been able to take on this role.能够担当这个角色能够担当这个角色，我感到很荣幸。我感到很荣幸。句法分析句法分析句中句

61、中“have been able”是动词不定式的完成时，表示在谓是动词不定式的完成时，表示在谓语动作发生前发生或存在。语动作发生前发生或存在。The book is said to have been translated into many languages.据说这本书被译成很多种语言。据说这本书被译成很多种语言。He is very sad to _ four bikes in less than one year.他因不到一年就丢了他因不到一年就丢了4辆自行车而感到很伤心。辆自行车而感到很伤心。have lost 栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around

62、the world4.(教材教材P50)As you know，the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.正如你们所知正如你们所知，联合国触及世界各地人们的生活。联合国触及世界各地人们的生活。句法分析句法分析该句中该句中as是一个关系代词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，是一个关系代词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，意思为意思为“正如正如的的”。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the worldas引导的非限制性定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活引导的非限制性定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，句句首、句中及主句后均可以。还可

63、以用来引导限制性定语首、句中及主句后均可以。还可以用来引导限制性定语从句有从句有the same，such 等修饰的先行词。等修饰的先行词。对比：对比：(教材教材P50)I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，也叫也叫UN这这个名称更为常用。个名称更为常用。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around

64、 the world句法分析句法分析as it is more often referred to是是as作为连词引导的方式状语作为连词引导的方式状语从句，意为从句，意为“像像一样一样”，不要把它看作非限制性定语，不要把它看作非限制性定语从句。本句是被动语态，从句。本句是被动语态，referred to 的逻辑宾语即主语。的逻辑宾语即主语。所以所以as在句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。在句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。When at Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。入乡随俗。Remember，you must do everything as I do.记住，你们务

65、必照我的样子去做每件事。记住，你们务必照我的样子去做每件事。栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world_ is well known to us all，the earth goes around the sun.It is well known to us all _ the earth goes around the sun._ is well known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun.众所周知，地球围着太阳转。众所周知，地球围着太阳转。As thatWhat 栏目栏目导引导引

66、Unit 4Helping people around the world.完成句子完成句子1解释是没有必要的。解释是没有必要的。_ to explain it.2你认为这水喝起来安全吗？你认为这水喝起来安全吗？Do you think the water_？3能够和这些才华横溢的人工作我感到很骄傲。能够和这些才华横溢的人工作我感到很骄傲。Im proud _to work with such talented people.There is no needis safe to drinkto have been able栏目栏目导引导引Unit 4Helping people around the world4正如今天报纸上宣布的，所有学校将在九月一日重开。正如今天报纸上宣布的，所有学校将在九月一日重开。_in todays papers，all the schools will reopen on 1 September.5恰好那时房里没有人。恰好那时房里没有人。_ be no one in the house.As is announcedThere happened to栏目栏