应用型大学英语综合教程第三册Unit7

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1、L/O/G/O上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 应用型大学英语系列教材应用型大学英语系列教材Book Application-oriented college English Course2上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Language in Use Enhancement of Language Abilities Unit SevenTable of Contents Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext3上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 StarterText:A victim of 107 fatal maladiesWorking w

2、ith words and phrasesDiscussionPractice:interpretingPractice:translationPractice:writingSurfing the InternetHighlightsTable of ContentsPart 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext4上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 HighlightsS:A psychopath L:A case of mental illness R:A victim of 107 fatal maladiesW:Clause connectors

3、Internet work:Summarizing the characteristics of mental health Part 1 Language Skills DevelopmentBackNext5上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext1.StarterA.Look at the picture.Suppose he is your friend,and is possibly mentally ill.Answer the following questions.Mind Mapp s y c h o p a t h /sakp/n.精神病患者6上海交通大上海交

4、通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext1.Starter1.Would you stop being friends with him?I wouldnt stop being friends with him just because I suspect he may be a psychopath.If I think he wont take it too badly and/or it seems serious enough,Id probably talk to him about it.2.How would you discuss mental illness with him

5、?Or would you avoid the topic altogether?I would introduce to him the types of mental illness,and how serious it might be if we tend to ignore it.Then Id like to give him an example of one of my friends who has just recovered from his mental illness.7B.Listen to a news report.Then fill in the blanks

6、.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNextMind Mapmassacre/()/n.残杀，屠杀depressed/a.忧郁的Santa Claus/圣诞老人ex-wife/n.前妻Los Angeles County 洛杉矶县unaccounted for 下落不明，失踪81.A ninth body was found _ at the scene of a _ shooting.2.The shooting occurred _ when a depressed man,dressed as _,arrived at a Christmas Eve par

7、ty.3.The man _ on the participants and _ the two-storey house.4.The man later shot himself to death _ early in the morning on Christmas Day in Sylmar.5.Believed to have been killed in the shooting and fire were Sylvia Ortega,and her _.6.The man was reportedly in a messy _,and used _ to set the house

8、 on fire.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNextFriday morning Christmas Eve Santa ClausWednesday night opened fire burned down at his brothers home parentsdivorcecocktails9A Ninth Body Found in Los Angeles Christmas Eve Massacre A ninth body was found Friday morning at the scene of a Christmas Eve sho

9、oting in Covina of East Los Angeles,police said.The shooting occurred Wednesday night when a depressed man,dressed as Santa Claus,arrived at his ex-wifes Christmas Eve party,then opened fire on the participants and burned down the two-story house,police said.After the attack,Bruce Jeffrey Pardo,45,s

10、hot himself to death at his brothers home early in the morning on Christmas Day in Sylmar,a suburb about 50 kilometers north of downtown Los Angeles,according to police.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext10 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.Starter Believed to have been killed in the shooting and fire were Pard

11、os ex-wife,Sylvia Ortega,43 and her parents,police said but did not provide any more details.The Los Angeles County official confirmed that a total of nine victims have been found at the scene.There were 25 guests at the party and nine had been unaccounted for immediately after the shooting.Pardo,wh

12、o was reportedly separated from his wife and in a messy divorce,used cocktails to set the house on fire,according to local television reports.BackNext11 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in Text Organization12 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in13 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in14 上海交

13、通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-in15 fatal:a.1)致命的e.g.Her childrens death is a fatal blow on her.2)灾难性的，毁灭性的e.g.Graf made a fatal mistake halfway through the match.Synonym:deadly2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies 1 It is a most extraordinary thing,but I never read a patent medicine advertisemen

14、t without being forced to draw the conclusion that I am suffering from the particular disease said in the ad and dealt with in its most deadly form.The diagnosis seems in every case to correspond exactly with all the sensations that I have ever felt.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext Question a

15、bout Para.1 Meaning:The serious matter is that whenever I read an ad about some patent medicine,I will conclude in spite of myself that I am suffering from the worst or most deadly form of the disease described in the ad.Meaning:All the symptoms I have got have confirmed every detail of the medical

16、examination.victim:n.1)C 受害者，牺牲者e.g.Most of the victims were shot in the back while trying to run away.The victim of the accident was taken to hospital.2)C 受骗者，上当的人e.g.They were the victims of a cruel hoax.Meaning:The serious matter is that whenever I read an ad about some patent medicine,I will con

17、clude in spite of myself that I am suffering from the worst or most deadly form of the disease described in the ad.fatal:a.1)致命的e.g.Her childrens death is a fatal blow on her.2)灾难性的，毁灭性的e.g.Graf made a fatal mistake halfway through the match.Synonym:deadly patent:a.专利生产的；专利经销的e.g.Try some of this ne

18、w patent medicine.n.C,U 专利权；专利证书e.g.Did you take out a patent on your design?The patent for this typewriter was issued in 1714.correspond:vi.1)相一致，符合e.g.I assure you my actions will correspond with my words.2)类似于，相当于e.g.Our arms correspond to the wings of a bird.3)通信e.g.H a v e y o u b e e n corresp

19、onding with him?sensation:n.1)C 感觉，知觉 e.g.I had a sensation of falling,as if in a dream.2)U 感觉能力，知觉能力e.g.He lost all sensation in his legs through cramp.身患身患107107种致命疾病的患者种致命疾病的患者 此事绝对非同小可，只要我一看到专利药品的广告，就会不自觉地得出结论：我患上了广告中所说的疾病，并且已经病入膏肓。而诊断结果似乎在各方面也都和我所感觉的完全一致。161.What effect did a patent medicine ad

20、vertisement produce on the narrator?He was made to think that he was suffering from the particular disease said in the ad and dealt with in its most deadly form.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies17 2 I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up on the treat

21、ment for some slight ailment of which I had a touchhay fever,I fancy it was.I got down the book,and read all I came to read;and then,in an unthinking moment,I idly turned the leaves,and began to lazily study diseases,generally.(To be continued)Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2 记得有一次，我患上了某种小毛病

22、（我猜可能是花粉热），于是便去大英博物馆专门查阅它的治疗方法。我取下书来，阅读了所有我打算查阅的内容。然后，我漫不经心地翻着书，开始懒洋洋地研究起疾病来。read up:攻读，专研 e.g.Before trying to tackle his homework he read up the notes he had taken at the lecture.ailment:C 小病，微恙 e.g.His ailments include a mild heart attack and stomach trouble.a touch of sth.:一点儿，少许e.g.Add a touch

23、of vinegar.Your throat is quite swollen.You have a touch of flu.a touch of sth.:一点儿，少许e.g.Add a touch of vinegar.Your throat is quite swollen.You have a touch of flu.idly:ad.毫无目的地，漫不经心地 e.g.He was idly turning the pages of a magazine.Dont just sit idly by while other children are busy.Note that idly

24、 is derived from its corresponding adjective idle.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies18I forget which was the first disease I plunged intosome fearful,devastating scourge,I knowand,before I had glanced half down the list of“warning symptoms”,it was borne in upon me that I had fairly got it.Transla

25、tion 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext我忘记了哪种疾病是第一个冒出来的，只知道是一种可怕的，令人震惊的灾祸。而在我还没有看完所列“症状”的一半时，就意识到我很可能得了这种病。Question about Para.2 plunge:vi./vt.陷入 e.g.The country plunged deeper into recession.The news plunged them into deep depression.devastating:a.1)令人震惊的，骇人的e.g.the devastating news of a plane crash 2)破坏性

26、极大的，毁灭性的e.g.It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.scourge:n.C,usu.sing 祸害，灾害e.g.After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.The new boss was the scourge of the inefficient.be borne in upon sb.:（逐渐）被认识到 e.g.It has been borne in upon him that even sages err.It was borne in upon us how

27、close we had been to disaster.Note the difference between borne and born as the past participle of bear in the sense of“to give birth to”.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies192.Why did the narrator visit the British Museum one day?Because he thought he had a hay fever and wanted to read up on the

28、treatment for this ailment.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies20 3 I sat for a while,frozen with horror;and then,in the listlessness of despair,I again turned over the pages.I came to typhoid feverread the symptomsdiscovered that I had typhoid fever,must have had it for

29、months without knowing itwondered what else I had got;turned up St.Vituss Dancefound,as I expected,that I had that too(To be continued)Translation 我吓得怔住了，坐了一会。然后，在绝望的倦怠中，我又翻过几页，看到了伤寒，一查症状，发现我已患上伤寒，而且在不知不觉中已经患上好几个月了。我想知道自己还患有什么病，于是继续往下翻，翻到了圣维特斯舞蹈病，发现正如我预料，我也患上了此病。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext listlessn

30、ess:n.U倦怠，无精打采，百无聊赖 e.g.In listlessness I leant my head against the window.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies21 began to get interested in my case,and determined to examine it thoroughly,and so started alphabeticallyread up on fever,and learnt that I was sickening for it,and that the acute stage

31、would commence in about another fortnight.(To be continued)Translation我开始对自己的病有了兴趣，决定细查到底，因此我开始按字母顺序查阅，看完了热病部分，得知我患有此病，而且两星期后病情将转入急性期。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext alphabetically:ad.按字母顺序地e.g.He spelt all the nations of Africa running alphabetically from Algeria to Zaire.sicken:vi./vt.1)生病，患病e.g.The a

32、nimal began to sicken and soon died.The child is sickening for the measles.2)使大为震惊；使愤怒e.g.His manner of talking sickens us.Their business methods sicken me.acute:a.1)十分严重的 e.g.Theres an acute shortage of water.2)急性的e.g.acute appendicitis commence:vi./vt.开始，着手e.g.The project will commence in November

33、 2010 and be completed in October 2012.After the election the new government commenced developing the roads.fortnight:n.C,usu.sing.两星期，十四天e.g.Im going away for a fortnights holiday.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies22Brights disease,I was relieved to find,I had only in a modified form,and,so far

34、as that was concerned,I might live for years.Cholera I had,with severe complications;and diphtheria I seemed to have been born with.I read conscientiously through the twenty-six letters,and the only malady I could conclude I had not got was housemaids knee.Translation然而，令我宽慰的是，看完布赖特氏病（肾小球肾炎）部分后，我发觉自

35、己只是患上了布赖特氏病的变种，就此而言，我还可能活几年。此外，我还患有霍乱，并且伴随严重的并发症。而白喉我似乎生来就有。我认认真真地按26个字母的顺序读完了所有的疾病，得出的结论是：我唯一没患的是髌前囊炎（女佣膝）。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext modified:a.改良的，改进的e.g.a modified style of architecture conscientiously:ad.认真负责地，一丝不苟地e.g.We should do this work conscientiously.Conscientiously is derived from its

36、corresponding adjective conscientious.Meaning:I was relieved to find that I was just suffering from a variant of Brights disease.I might live for quite a long time if the impact of only this disease upon my health was taken into account.Meaning:I read carefully all the diseases ranging from A to Z,a

37、nd my search ended in the conclusion that I suffered all kinds of diseases except the housemaids knee.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies23 prevail:vi./vt.1)战胜，占优势，获胜e.g.Truth will prevail.Justice has prevailed;the guilty man has been punished.2)盛行，流行e.g.Belief in magic still prevails in some rura

38、l parts of the country.4 I felt rather hurt about this at first;it seemed somehow to be a sort of slight.Why hadnt I got housemaids knee?Why this unpleasant reservation?After a while,however,less grasping feelings prevailed.I reflected that I had every other known malady in the pharmacology,and I gr

39、ew less selfish,and determined to do without housemaids knee.(To be continued)Translation 一开始我有点不高兴；不管怎么说，这看起来是一种冷落。为什么我没有患髌滑囊炎？为什么单单就漏了这个病呢？不过，过了一会儿，我就不那么贪心了。我想既然我已患上了药理学上已知的所有其它疾病，就不必再那么自私了。于是，决定不再计较没有髌前囊炎。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext Note that slight is a noun meaning“an act of slighting;insult(轻蔑

40、，忽视；冷落，冒犯)”.e.g.an unintended slight Im afraid he took your remarks as a slight on his work.grasping:a.贪心的，贪婪的e.g.Dont let those grasping taxi drivers charge you too much.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies24Gout,in its most malignant stage,it would appear,had seized me without my being aware of i

41、t;and zymosis I had evidently been suffering with from boyhood.There were no more diseases after zymosis,so I concluded there was nothing else the matter with me.Translation看来在我没有意识到的时候，就已经患上了痛风，而且还可能处在其最恶性的阶段。此外，我显然在童年时就患上了发酵病。发酵病是这本书上最后一种疾病，所以我推断我再没其他毛病了。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext Question about

42、Para.4 Meaning:It seemed that I had suffered from gout attacks even before I realized it and now this malady had already reached its worst phase.As for zymosis,I had had it since my childhood.malignant:a.1)恶性的 e.g.He died of a malignant tumor.2)恶意的，恶毒的e.g.He advanced towards them with a malignant lo

43、ok.Antonym:innocent(良性的)evidently:ad.明显地，显然 e.g.Evidently,he has fallen in love with Miss Green.He had evidently returned to the spot of the crime.nothing(something)the matter with:无（有）毛病、事情e.g.The doctor examined the boy and found there was nothing the matter with him.Theres nothing the matter with

44、 him;he is just pretending.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies253.How did the narrator feel when he concluded he hadnt got housemaids knee?He felt rather hurt about this at first;it seemed somehow to be a sort of slight.He could not understand why he hadnt got housemaids knee.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Ba

45、ckNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies26 5 I sat and pondered.I thought what an interesting case I must be from a medical p o i n t o f v i e w,w h a t a n acquisition I should be to a class!Students would have no need to“walk the hospitals”,if they had me.I was a hospital in myself.All they ne

46、ed do would be to walk round me,and,after that,take their diploma.Translation 我坐在那里，陷入了沉思。我想从医疗的角度来看，我是一个多么有趣的案例啊。对于课堂教学，我是多么难得啊。有我的话，学生就不需要去当“实习医生”。我自己就是医院。他们只需围着我研究，然后，去拿他们的文凭。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextQuestion about Para.5 Meaning:Students didnt have to take the trouble to practice in the hospit

47、al;instead,with me serving as sort of a hospital,what they need to do was to gather around me to study all the diseases in me.Afterwards,they will be able to graduate with their diploma.ponder:vi./vt.考虑，沉思 e.g.She pondered his marriage proposal for weeks.These are words for you gentlemen to digest a

48、nd ponder.acquisition:n.C （多指贵重的）购得物 e.g.He is a valuable acquisition to our firm.walk the hospitals:当实习医生e.g.You have to walk the hospitals for a time as part of your medical course Medical students are required to walk the hospitals for a period of time before their graduation.diploma:n.C 毕业文凭，学位证

49、书e.g.She gained a diploma in Business Administration.She worked hard to earn her music diploma.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies274.Why did the narrator think his case should be an interesting one to medical students?Because he believed he had all kinds of diseases,which would be an acquisition

50、to the medical students.If they had him,they would have no need to“walk the hospitals”.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies286 Then I wondered how long I had to live.I tried to examine myself.I felt my pulse.I could not at first feel any pulse at all.Then,all of a sudden,

51、it seemed to start off.I pulled out my watch and timed it.I made it a hundred and forty-seven to the minute.I tried to feel my heart.I could not feel my heart.It had stopped beating.I have since been induced to come to the opinion that it must have been there all the time,and must have been beating,

52、but I cannot account for it.(To be continued)接着，我开始想我还能活多久。我试着给自己做检查。我给自己把脉，一开始我丝毫感觉不到脉动。然后，我的脉搏好像突然跳动了。于是，我摘下手表开始计时数脉。我测出来脉搏一分钟跳动147下。我试着摸我的心脏。我感觉不到心脏，它已停止了跳动。我曾被诱导地认为我的心脏一直在那里，应该一直在跳动，但我无法解释为什么现在感觉不到它。Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext pulse:n.C,usu.sing.脉搏e.g.Fear quickened her pulse.His pul

53、se beat slowly.all of a sudden:突然地,突如其来地,猛然地 e.g.He was writing his essay when,all of a sudden,he was seized with giddiness.Also note that time is used as a verb meaning“to measure how long something takes(计时；测量某事所用时间)”.e.g.The teacher timed all the boys to see who could run the fastest.induce:vt.1)

54、诱使，劝说e.g.We induced him to come with us.2)引起，导致 e.g.The medicine will induce sleep.We b e l i e v e o u r p r i c e competitive enough to induce business.account for:说明，解释e.g.His illness accounts for his absence.Meaning:After that I was led to the conclusion that my heart must always have been in th

55、at spot and kept beating there,but I could not explain the strange phenomenon that I couldnt feel its existence just then.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies29我不断拍打整个上半身，从腰部一直拍到头部，同时拍打身体两侧和背部。但是，我还是什么也没感觉到或者听到。我试着检查我的舌头，尽量把舌头伸得很长，我闭上一只眼，想用另一只眼来检查。但我只能看到舌尖，而唯一的收获是，我比以前更确信我患上了猩红热。I patted myself all

56、 over my front,from what I call my waist up to my head,and I went a bit round each side,and a little way up the back.But I could not feel or hear anything.I tried to look at my tongue.I stuck it out as far as ever it would go,and I shut one eye,and tried to examine it with the other.I could only see

57、 the tip,and the only thing that I could gain from that was to feel more certain than before that I had scarlet fever.Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies30 进阅览室时，我是个快乐健康的人，而出来时却成了一个可怜、走路蹒跚而又衰老的废人。我去看了医生，他是我的一位老友。每当我觉得自己有病时，他就会给我把脉，检查我的舌头，跟我谈论天气，但从来不收我的钱。因此，我认

58、为现在去找他看病，会对他大有好处。7 I had walked into that reading room a happy,healthy man.I crawled out a miserable old wreck.8 I went to my medical man.He is a close friend of mine,and feels my pulse,and looks at my tongue,and talks about the weather,all for nothing,when I fancy Im ill;so I thought I would do him

59、 a good turn by going to him now.(To be continued)Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext crawl:vi.1)爬，爬行；匍匐行进e.g.We learn to crawl before we learn to walk.Yuck!Theres a cockroach crawling along the wall!2)缓慢行进e.g.The traffic was crawling by at 5 miles an hour.wreck:n.1)C,usu.sing.（身体或精神上）受到严重损伤的人 e

60、.g.Hes a complete wreck after his illness.2)C 沉船，严重损毁的船 e.g.They save the cargo from the wreck.Note that wreck is the complement to the subject I.“I crawled out a miserable old wreck”can be analyzed as“I crawled out of the reading room and was like a miserable old wreck”.do sb.a good turn:帮某人做好事，帮某人

61、大忙 e.g.Will you do me a good turn?Would you do me a good turn by dressing the Christmas tree?2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies31“医生需要的是实践。”他应该看我这个病人。和1700名只有一两种疾病的普通病人相比，他可以从我身上得到更多的实践机会。所以，我直接去了他那儿。他问道：“哦，你怎么了？”“What a doctor wants,”I said,“is practice.He shall have me.He will get more practice

62、 out of me than out of seventeen hundred of his ordinary,commonplace patients,with only one or two diseases each.”So I went straight up and saw him,and he said,“Well,whats the matter with you?”Translation 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextMeaning:I will offer him more opportunities for medical practice tha

63、n 1,700 common patients who have only one or two diseases.Questions about Para.8 commonplace:a.普通的，平庸的 e.g.He is a commonplace person.Air travel has now become commonplace.2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies32 5.By saying“He is a close friend of mine,and feels my pulse,and looks at my tongue,and t

64、alks about the weather,all for nothing,when I fancy Im ill”,what did the narrator imply?The narrator implied that it was very common for him to visit the doctor when he was not sick at all.The narrator deliberately used the verb fancy to imply that the illnesses were only his imagination,not real.Th

65、erefore,the narrator claimed that his visits to this doctor ended with“all for nothing”.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies33 6.Why did the narrator say he was doing his friend a good turn by visiting him?Because he thought what a doctor wanted was practice.His friend wo

66、uld get more practice out of him than out of seventeen hundred of the ordinary,commonplace patients with only one or two diseases each.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNext2.Text:A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies34 我回答道：“朋友，我不想占用你的时间来告诉你我有哪些问题。生命是短暂的，或许还没等我说完，你就去世了。但是，我要告诉你我没有哪些毛病。我没有患上髌前囊炎。我无法告诉你，为什么我没有患上髌前囊炎。但是，事实如此，我没有得这种病。不过，其他的疾病我全有了。”我告诉他我是如何发现这些疾病的。9 I said,“I will not take up your time,dear boy,by telling you what is the matter with me.Life is brief,and you might pass away before I had finished.But I