电子信息工程专业外语2

《电子信息工程专业外语2》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《电子信息工程专业外语2（51页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、因特网和多媒体因特网和多媒体1 12 2Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学3Multimedia Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Multimediav从前，从前，“英特网英特网”和和“多媒体多媒体”两个单词很少出现两个单词很少出现在一句话中。虽然可以从在一句话中。虽然可以从FTP站点上下载站点上下载GIF图片图片或声音文件在或声音文件在PC上观看或收听，但是这样的英特网上观看或收听，但是这样的英特网体验离多媒体异乎寻常的娱乐表现还很远。体验离多媒体异乎寻常的娱乐表现还很远。Northeast

2、 Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Multimedia vIndeed,until the advent of the phenomenal popularity of the World Wide Web,accessing the Internet was like reading the from of the Wall Street Journal:lots of good information,but gray,without pictures,and dull on the eyes.Northeast Petroleum University东北

3、石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavIndeed,until the advent of the phenomenal popularity of the World Wide Web,accessing the Internet was like reading the from of the Wall Street Journal:lots of good information,but gray,without pictures,and dull on the eyes.v在万维网惊人的流行出现之前，访问英特网就好像是在阅读在万维网惊人的流行出现之前，访问英特网就好像是在阅读华尔街

4、日报华尔街日报的头版一样：虽然可以获得很多有用的信息，的头版一样：虽然可以获得很多有用的信息，但是形式很苍白，没有图片，单调得无法吸引人的眼球。但是形式很苍白，没有图片，单调得无法吸引人的眼球。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学7Multimedia vIn 1993,a computer program called Mosaic changed all that.Mosaic is a browser a program that allows users to use the Internets World Wide Web.For th

5、e first time,true multimedia the mixing of various media such as text,images,sounds,and movies came to the Internet.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavIn 1993,a computer program called Mosaic changed all that.Mosaic is a browser a program that allows users to use the Internets Worl

6、d Wide Web.For the first time,true multimedia the mixing of various media such as text,images,sounds,and movies came to the Internet.v1993年，一个叫年，一个叫Mosaic的计算机程序改变了这一切。的计算机程序改变了这一切。Mosaic是一个浏览器是一个浏览器允许用户使用英特网的程序。真正的多媒允许用户使用英特网的程序。真正的多媒体（包括文字、图片、声音和电影的各种媒体的混合）第一体（包括文字、图片、声音和电影的各种媒体的混合）第一次进入英特网。次进入英特网。

7、Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学9Multimedia vToday,not only can you download those sorts of files,but you can also experience them while you are online.You can also present your information,complete with mixed media,on your own Web page.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Multimediav

8、Today,not only can you download those sorts of files,but you can also experience them while you are online.You can also present your information,complete with mixed media,on your own Web page.v今天你不但可以下载那些类型的文件，还可以在线体验。你今天你不但可以下载那些类型的文件，还可以在线体验。你也可以在自己的网页上发布你的信息，包括混合的媒体。也可以在自己的网页上发布你的信息，包括混合的媒体。North

9、east Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学11Multimedia vThe World Wide Web continues to grow in popularity,but most of us have limited bandwidth resources while in the world of full multimedia were going to need much faster access.At speeds like 28.8 kbps,video or audio files more than a few minutes long

10、 can take a long time to transfer to a PC,so if youre waiting to see Gone with the Wind or hear Wagners entire Ring Cycle,forget it,Users will get tired of waiting for things to download.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavThe World Wide Web continues to grow in popularity,but most

11、of us have limited bandwidth resources while in the world of full multimedia were going to need much faster access.At speeds like 28.8 kbps,video or audio files more than a few minutes long can take a long time to transfer to a PC,so if youre waiting to see Gone with the Wind or hear Wagners entire

12、Ring Cycle,forget it,Users will get tired of waiting for things to download.v互联网不断流行，但我们大多数只有有限的带宽资源，而在互联网不断流行，但我们大多数只有有限的带宽资源，而在真正的多媒体世界里我们需要快得多的接入速度。在真正的多媒体世界里我们需要快得多的接入速度。在28.8kbps的速度下，下载一个几分钟的视频或音频文件需要很长的时间。的速度下，下载一个几分钟的视频或音频文件需要很长的时间。所以如果你等着看所以如果你等着看乱世佳人乱世佳人或者听或者听Wagner的的指环指环，那，那还是放弃这个念头吧。用户厌倦长

13、时间地等待文件下载。还是放弃这个念头吧。用户厌倦长时间地等待文件下载。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学13Multimedia vAs a result of this bottleneck,people can get only text and graphics files from the Web.Text and still image files are generally small,so you dont need to wait too long to view them,but anyone who has waited f

14、or a graphically heavy Web site will soon realize how frustrating this experience can be.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavAs a result of this bottleneck,people can get only text and graphics files from the Web.Text and still image files are generally small,so you dont need to wai

15、t too long to view them,but anyone who has waited for a graphically heavy Web site will soon realize how frustrating this experience can be.v由于这个瓶颈，人们只能从网站上获取文本和图形文件。文由于这个瓶颈，人们只能从网站上获取文本和图形文件。文本和静止图像一般都比较小，因此你不需要等待太长时间就本和静止图像一般都比较小，因此你不需要等待太长时间就能看到它们，但是等待满是图片的网站，你很快就会意识到能看到它们，但是等待满是图片的网站，你很快就会意识到这种经

16、历是多么令人沮丧。这种经历是多么令人沮丧。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学15Multimedia vAlthough audio and animation are both possible on the Web,you need a much faster connection to send and receive the huge audio and video files that would enable you to take full advantage of Internet multimedia.Northeast Pe

17、troleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavAlthough audio and animation are both possible on the Web,you need a much faster connection to send and receive the huge audio and video files that would enable you to take full advantage of Internet multimedia.v虽然网站上可能有音频和动画，但是需要快得多的连接速度虽然网站上可能有音频和动画，但是需要快得多

18、的连接速度来发送和接受大型的音频和视频文件，让我们能充分利用英来发送和接受大型的音频和视频文件，让我们能充分利用英特网多媒体。特网多媒体。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学17Multimedia vBut back up a second.What do we mean by multimedia?Loosely,multimedia is the blending together of more than one medium such as text,graphics,sound,movies,whatever on your comp

19、uter.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavBut back up a second.What do we mean by multimedia?Loosely,multimedia is the blending together of more than one medium such as text,graphics,sound,movies,whatever on your computer.v请先稍等一下。我们所说的多媒体究竟是什么呢？不严格地请先稍等一下。我们所说的多媒体究竟是什么呢？不严格地说，多媒体就是多种

20、媒体（比如文本、图形、声音、电影或说，多媒体就是多种媒体（比如文本、图形、声音、电影或计算机中的任何东西）的调和。计算机中的任何东西）的调和。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学19Multimedia vMultimedia has been around for years,of course,through movies and television,but the word multimedia refers almost exclusively to computer technology.For example,thousands o

21、f CD-ROMs,computer games,and educational programs offer on-screen text combined with video,music,and narration.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavMultimedia has been around for years,of course,through movies and television,but the word multimedia refers almost exclusively to comput

22、er technology.For example,thousands of CD-ROMs,computer games,and educational programs offer on-screen text combined with video,music,and narration.v当然，我们通过电影和电视早就和多媒体打交道了，但使用当然，我们通过电影和电视早就和多媒体打交道了，但使用多媒体一词则几乎无例外地是与计算机技术有关的。比如数多媒体一词则几乎无例外地是与计算机技术有关的。比如数以千计的以千计的CD-ROM、电脑游戏和教育软件都提供了与视频、电脑游戏和教育软件都提供了与视

23、频、音乐和解说相结合的在计算机屏幕上看到的文本。音乐和解说相结合的在计算机屏幕上看到的文本。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学21Multimedia vThe Internet has been home to multimedia for years and years.But because graphics,animation,and sound files are so large,often several megabytes in size,they take a great deal of time to download.Fo

24、r this reason,their availability was sharply limited for regular users some years ago.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavThe Internet has been home to multimedia for years and years.But because graphics,animation,and sound files are so large,often several megabytes in size,they tak

25、e a great deal of time to download.For this reason,their availability was sharply limited for regular users some years ago.v多媒体已在英特网上好多年了。但是由于图形，动画和声音多媒体已在英特网上好多年了。但是由于图形，动画和声音文件太大了，往往有几兆，下载这些文件需要耗费大量的时间。文件太大了，往往有几兆，下载这些文件需要耗费大量的时间。因此几年前对于正常的用户来说，多媒体的可利用性被明显地因此几年前对于正常的用户来说，多媒体的可利用性被明显地限制了。限制了。Northe

26、ast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学23Multimedia vTo us,true multimedia means,in part,being able to do all those things that you can already do,but without the interminable waiting.Multimedia is supposed to be an interactive endeavor,but for a slow connection,Internet multimedia isnt truly interacti

27、ve.True multimedia should deliver information fast enough that you wont have time to go for coffee while a long of video program is transmitted to your computer.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavTo us,true multimedia means,in part,being able to do all those things that you can alr

28、eady do,but without the interminable waiting.Multimedia is supposed to be an interactive endeavor,but for a slow connection,Internet multimedia isnt truly interactive.True multimedia should deliver information fast enough that you wont have time to go for coffee while a long of video program is tran

29、smitted to your computer.v对我们来说，真正的多媒体从某种程度上来说就是能够让我们在没有长时对我们来说，真正的多媒体从某种程度上来说就是能够让我们在没有长时间等待的情况下做到我们已经能够做到的一切。多媒体应该成为一个交互间等待的情况下做到我们已经能够做到的一切。多媒体应该成为一个交互式的尝试，但是在低速连接的情况下，英特网多媒体不是真正的交互。真式的尝试，但是在低速连接的情况下，英特网多媒体不是真正的交互。真正的多媒体应该以足够快的速度传递信息，在将视频节目传送到你的计算正的多媒体应该以足够快的速度传递信息，在将视频节目传送到你的计算机时不会有时间让你去喝杯咖啡。机时不

30、会有时间让你去喝杯咖啡。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学25Multimedia vThe intertwining of multimedia and the Internet makes sense.People like multimedia on their computers.Its engaging,entertaining,and often makes otherwise complex computers a little easier to use.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东

31、北石油大学MultimediavThe intertwining of multimedia and the Internet makes sense.People like multimedia on their computers.Its engaging,entertaining,and often makes otherwise complex computers a little easier to use.v多媒体和英特网的紧密结合是有意义的。人们喜欢电脑上的多媒体和英特网的紧密结合是有意义的。人们喜欢电脑上的多媒体，多媒体是有吸引力的、有趣的，另外经常使复杂的多媒体，多媒体是有吸

32、引力的、有趣的，另外经常使复杂的计算机变得容易使用一些。计算机变得容易使用一些。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学27Multimedia vCertainly it works:Some multimedia educational programs are meant to be enjoyed by children who are barely old enough to walk.The Internet,once an ugly and text-only system,certainly needs pictures,sound,

33、and point-and-click simplicity to make it understandable to the masses.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavCertainly it works:Some multimedia educational programs are meant to be enjoyed by children who are barely old enough to walk.The Internet,once an ugly and text-only system,cer

34、tainly needs pictures,sound,and point-and-click simplicity to make it understandable to the masses.v确实它起作用了：一些多媒体教学程序有意要让那些还刚会确实它起作用了：一些多媒体教学程序有意要让那些还刚会走路的孩子们喜爱。一度难看而且只有文字的互联网当然需要走路的孩子们喜爱。一度难看而且只有文字的互联网当然需要有一些图片和声音，再加上容易点击，使它易于被大众理解接有一些图片和声音，再加上容易点击，使它易于被大众理解接受。受。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学

35、东北石油大学29Multimedia vFor example,years ago,using the Internet to find the weather forecast meant knowing how to log into a mainframe or minicomputer,remembering how to telnet to a remote computer,and navigating a series of text-based menus or prompts.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Multimed

36、iavFor example,years ago,using the Internet to find the weather forecast meant knowing how to log into a mainframe or minicomputer,remembering how to telnet to a remote computer,and navigating a series of text-based menus or prompts.v比如，几年前使用英特网查询天气预报意味着你要知道如何比如，几年前使用英特网查询天气预报意味着你要知道如何登陆大型计算机或小型计算机，

37、如何远程登陆到一台远程计登陆大型计算机或小型计算机，如何远程登陆到一台远程计算机，并浏览一系列基于文字的菜单或提示信息。算机，并浏览一系列基于文字的菜单或提示信息。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学31Multimedia vYou could get the forecast pretty quickly once you got good at the process,but the exercise wasnt for the faint of heart or computer shy.Today,all you need to do

38、to get the weather forecast is to launch a World Wide Web browser and click.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavYou could get the forecast pretty quickly once you got good at the process,but the exercise wasnt for the faint of heart or computer shy.Today,all you need to do to get th

39、e weather forecast is to launch a World Wide Web browser and click.v一旦你掌握好了这个过程，就能很快查询到天气预报，但这一旦你掌握好了这个过程，就能很快查询到天气预报，但这种操练可不适合那些缺乏勇气或惧怕计算机的人。而现在为种操练可不适合那些缺乏勇气或惧怕计算机的人。而现在为了获得天气预报你需要做的只是运行万维网浏览器然后点击。了获得天气预报你需要做的只是运行万维网浏览器然后点击。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学33Multimedia vAlthough audio and

40、 animation are both possible on the Web,you need a much faster connection to send and receive the huge audio and video files that would enable you to take full advantage of Internet multimedia.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavAlthough audio and animation are both possible on the

41、Web,you need a much faster connection to send and receive the huge audio and video files that would enable you to take full advantage of Internet multimedia.v虽然网站上可能有音频和动画，但是需要快得多的连接速度虽然网站上可能有音频和动画，但是需要快得多的连接速度来发送和接受大型的音频和视频文件，让我们能充分利用英来发送和接受大型的音频和视频文件，让我们能充分利用英特网多媒体。特网多媒体。Northeast Petroleum Univer

42、sity东北石油大学东北石油大学35Multimedia vYou are greeted not with a length description of weather trends but with a pictorial map of the weather situation.This example is only the beginning of how multimedia is changing the Internet.A huge number of consumer products and services are making the Net still easie

43、r for all to enjoy.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学MultimediavYou are greeted not with a length description of weather trends but with a pictorial map of the weather situation.This example is only the beginning of how multimedia is changing the Internet.A huge number of consumer products a

44、nd services are making the Net still easier for all to enjoy.v迎接你的不是冗长的天气趋势的描述而是天气情况的图解地迎接你的不是冗长的天气趋势的描述而是天气情况的图解地图。这个例子仅仅是多媒体改变英特网的开始。大量消费产品图。这个例子仅仅是多媒体改变英特网的开始。大量消费产品和服务正在使英特网对于所有喜欢它的人更加容易。和服务正在使英特网对于所有喜欢它的人更加容易。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学37Multimedia vMost people would agree that t

45、he advent of multimedia on the Internet is a change for the better,although longtime users may contend that the Internets newfound ease of use is making cyberspace a wee bit crowded for their taster.Still,multimedia on the Internet is here to stay.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Multimedia

46、vMost people would agree that the advent of multimedia on the Internet is a change for the better,although longtime users may contend that the Internets newfound ease of use is making cyberspace a wee bit crowded for their taster.Still,multimedia on the Internet is here to stay.v大多数人会同意，互联网上多媒体的出现是好

47、事，尽管（某大多数人会同意，互联网上多媒体的出现是好事，尽管（某些）老用户可能会争辩说现在互联网的使用方便使得网上空间些）老用户可能会争辩说现在互联网的使用方便使得网上空间对于他们的口味而言变得有点拥挤了。然而，英特网上的多媒对于他们的口味而言变得有点拥挤了。然而，英特网上的多媒体已呈现在我们面前。体已呈现在我们面前。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学39Interactivity vThe notion of interactivity is important,and it brings up another aspect of multi

48、media that doesnt get mentioned all that often live multimedia.Even the fastest,prettiest,and most technologically advanced computer games and simulations take place in fabricated time,and their multimedia is packaged and programmed to take place at specific times and intervals.Northeast Petroleum U

49、niversity东北石油大学东北石油大学Interactivity vThe notion of interactivity is important,and it brings up another aspect of multimedia that doesnt get mentioned all that often live multimedia.Even the fastest,prettiest,and most technologically advanced computer games and simulations take place in fabricated tim

50、e,and their multimedia is packaged and programmed to take place at specific times and intervals.v交互性的概念非常重要，它提出了多媒体不常被提起的另交互性的概念非常重要，它提出了多媒体不常被提起的另一方面一方面实时多媒体。即使是最快、最漂亮、技术最先进实时多媒体。即使是最快、最漂亮、技术最先进的电脑游戏及模拟都是在制作时发生的，为了在特定时间和的电脑游戏及模拟都是在制作时发生的，为了在特定时间和间隔发生，其多媒体被组合包装和编程。间隔发生，其多媒体被组合包装和编程。Northeast Petrole

51、um University东北石油大学东北石油大学41Interactivity vBut the real world happens in real time,with interactions occurring constantly and things changing and adapting by the second.What about those transactions?How can they happen over a series of linked computers?How can they happen globally,over the Internet,w

52、hich was designed from the beginning as an information-sharing resource,not a live communication technology?Here,the Mbone comes into play.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Interactivity vBut the real world happens in real time,with interactions occurring constantly and things changing and a

53、dapting by the second.What about those transactions?How can they happen over a series of linked computers?How can they happen globally,over the Internet,which was designed from the beginning as an information-sharing resource,not a live communication technology?Here,the Mbone comes into play.v但真实世界是

54、实时的，交互行为不断地发生，事物变化和适应但真实世界是实时的，交互行为不断地发生，事物变化和适应的速度是以秒计的。那些交互怎么样？它们是如何在一系列连接的速度是以秒计的。那些交互怎么样？它们是如何在一系列连接着的计算机上发生的？互联网一开始是被设计成信息共享资源的，着的计算机上发生的？互联网一开始是被设计成信息共享资源的，而不是一项实时通信技术，这种实时交互怎样才能通过互联网在而不是一项实时通信技术，这种实时交互怎样才能通过互联网在全球范围实现呢？全球范围实现呢？这时，这时，Mbone起作用了。起作用了。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学43I

55、nteractivity vThe wonders of Mosaic were first available only to users who had powerful workstations,but the Web was quickly embraced by the legions of “regular users”using their“regular computers”.Likewise,folks today who have powerful computer workstations and bandwidth to burn are using the hotte

56、st multimedia tools programs that allow such marvels as real-time videoconferencing,collaboration using shared virtual“whiteboards”,and media-on-demand servers.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学Interactivity vThe wonders of Mosaic were first available only to users who had powerful workstati

57、ons,but the Web was quickly embraced by the legions of “regular users”using their“regular computers”.Likewise,folks today who have powerful computer workstations and bandwidth to burn are using the hottest multimedia tools programs that allow such marvels as real-time videoconferencing,collaboration

58、 using shared virtual“whiteboards”,and media-on-demand servers.v最初，最初，Mosaic的神奇只对拥有强大工作站的用户们有用，但是很快互的神奇只对拥有强大工作站的用户们有用，但是很快互联网被大量用着普通计算机的普通用户接受。同样地，今天那些拥有强联网被大量用着普通计算机的普通用户接受。同样地，今天那些拥有强大的计算机工作站和足够宽带可消耗的人们正使用着最新最流行的多媒大的计算机工作站和足够宽带可消耗的人们正使用着最新最流行的多媒体工具体工具实现这些奇迹，如实时视频会议，共享虚拟实现这些奇迹，如实时视频会议，共享虚拟“白板白板”的合

59、作的合作和媒体点播服务的程序。和媒体点播服务的程序。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学45What is the internet?vThe Internet is the worlds largest computer network.Its an international collection of smaller networks,computers,and the people who use them.The commercial on-line services are all part of the Net.Your busin

60、esss or schools computer system is on the Net.The person sitting beside you at the doughnut store could well have an Internet account.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学What is the internet?vThe Internet is the worlds largest computer network.Its an international collection of smaller network

61、s,computers,and the people who use them.The commercial on-line services are all part of the Net.Your businesss or schools computer system is on the Net.The person sitting beside you at the doughnut store could well have an Internet account.v英特网是世界上最大的计算机网络，它收集了全世界的小英特网是世界上最大的计算机网络，它收集了全世界的小型网络，计算机和其

62、使用者。商务在线服务是英特网的重要型网络，计算机和其使用者。商务在线服务是英特网的重要部分。你的公司或学校的计算机是连在英特网上的。甚至，部分。你的公司或学校的计算机是连在英特网上的。甚至，炸面圈店里坐在你旁边的人也有英特网账号。炸面圈店里坐在你旁边的人也有英特网账号。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学47What is the internet?vUsers on the Internet can exchange electronic mails with each other,copy files from computer to com

63、puter(even if those computers are thousands of miles apart),play games,access databases of information,chat it up in electronic re-creations of pubs,and lots more.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学What is the internet?vUsers on the Internet can exchange electronic mails with each other,copy

64、files from computer to computer(even if those computers are thousands of miles apart),play games,access databases of information,chat it up in electronic re-creations of pubs,and lots more.v英特网上的用户可以互相交换电子邮件，在计算机间复制英特网上的用户可以互相交换电子邮件，在计算机间复制文件（即使计算机间相隔几千英里），玩游戏，访问信息数文件（即使计算机间相隔几千英里），玩游戏，访问信息数据库，在电子酒吧

65、里聊天，还有更多。据库，在电子酒吧里聊天，还有更多。Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学49What is the internet?vIn fact,folks on the Internet can use their computers to communicate in countless amazing ways from the useful to the useless.Some people spend many hours every day browsing the World Wide Web or reading and

66、posting messages in newsgroups,and it is possible to buy everything from printer to pizzas by simply logging into your account.Northeast Petroleum University东北石油大学东北石油大学What is the internet?vIn fact,folks on the Internet can use their computers to communicate in countless amazing ways from the useful to the useless.Some people spend many hours every day browsing the World Wide Web or reading and posting messages in newsgroups,and it is possible to buy everything from printer to pizzas by simply