虚拟语气英语

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1、虚拟语气虚拟语气一一 利用利用(should)+do/be done 虚拟的结构虚拟的结构 1.一坚持：一坚持：insist*二命令：二命令：order,command 三建议三建议:advise,suggest*,recommend 四要求四要求:require,request,demand,urge 与上述词有关的名词性从句均利用与上述词有关的名词性从句均利用(should)+do 虚拟虚拟 (1.)I suggest that we（should）set off at once (2.)The doctor insisted that the patient(should）be X-ra

2、yed (3.)We demanded that he _(pay)the bill by the end of the month.(4.)He requested that Alice _(attend)the meeting.(5.)It is suggested that the meeting_ (put off)(should)payshould attend(should)be put 2.2.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在在It is necessary/important/strange/natural/funny It is necessary/i

3、mportant/strange/natural/funny surprising that surprising that；等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+Should+动词原形或动词原形或 只用动词原形。如：只用动词原形。如：It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once Corrections:1.It is strange that he said so.2.It is important that you will give me all the information.3

4、.He made the suggestion that we must finish the work in three hours 4.The order is that the soldiers can arrive at the village before darkmust-should/去掉去掉mustcan-should/去掉去掉can saidsay/should say will-should/去掉去掉 will二二 通过时态虚拟的结构通过时态虚拟的结构1.虚拟语气用于非真实条件句条件从句条件从句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反If sb.+过去式（过去式（be的过去式是

5、的过去式是were）sb.+would(should,could,might)+动词原形动词原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反If sb.+had donesb.+would(should,could,might)+have done与将来事实可能相与将来事实可能相反反If sb.+A.过去式过去式 B.were to do C.should+动动词原形词原形sb.+would(should,could,might)+动词原形动词原形1)If I _ a bird,I _ very happy.A.were,would be B.were,shall be C.am,would be2)If m

6、y father _here now,he _ tell me what to do A.were,will B.were,would C.is,would3)If I _ a car,I _ be very happy.A.have,shall B.had,should C.Had had,shall4)If I _ her telephone number,I _ her.A.had,would have called B.had had,would have called5)If you_ him yesterday,he _ some suggestions.A.had told,wo

7、uld have given B.tell,had given C.told,would have given6)It is quite impossible that it will rain tomorrow.But if it _,I would still go to the cinema.A.should rain B.would rain C.had rained.7)If he (fail),he would never touch the book.should fail/failed/were to fail 混合虚拟语气：混合虚拟语气：Eg.1)If you had tak

8、en the doctors advice,you would be well now.2)If I had not watched TV yesterday evening,I could finish my homework now.1)If I _ the chance ten years ago,I would be a manager now.A.had not lost B.did not lose C.Will not lose 2)Ifit(rain)lastnight（过去）,It_(be)verycoldtoday（现在）3)IfI(take)youradvice（过去），

9、Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow（现在）had rainedWould behad taken形式混用的虚拟语气：形式混用的虚拟语气：一个一个虚拟虚拟语气的句子语气的句子+but/even though 引导的一个引导的一个真实真实陈述句陈述句一个一个真实真实陈述句陈述句+otherwise/or一个一个虚拟虚拟语气的句子语气的句子 1)I would have invited her to the part,but I didnt know her well.2)She wasnt feeling very well.Otherwise she would

10、nt have left the meeting so early 3)He might have given you your help,even though he was very busy.4)-Why didnt you help him?-I (help)him,but I (not have)the money.5)-you should have finished it sooner.-I know but I _ the time.A.dont have B.wont have C.didnt haveWould have helped didnt have 虚拟语气的倒装结

11、构：虚拟语气的倒装结构：含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如：1)Hadtheyhad time（=Iftheyhad hadtime），theywouldcertainlyhavecomeandhelpedus2)Shoulditbe fine（=Ifitshould befine），wewouldgoforanouting3)WereIyou（=IfIwereyou），Iwouldgo4)Ifitweretorain,wewouldstayathometomorrow

12、.2.as if,as though 在在look,seem,sound,feel,taste,smell等之后引导表语等之后引导表语 从句，真的不虚，假的要虚从句，真的不虚，假的要虚Clouds are gathering.It seems as if it_ (be)rain.When we put a pen into the water,it looks as if_(be)broken引导状语从句，必用虚拟引导状语从句，必用虚拟They spoke as if they _(be)friendsThey speak/spoke as if they _(be)friends for

13、years.They speak/spoke as if they _ (treat)badly in themarcket Dont handle the vase as if it _ (be)made of glass.*The teacher turned around as if _(say)sth.The little girl stood at the gate as if _ (wait)for sb.is going to rainwerewerehad beenhad been treatedwereto say waiting3.wish/if only(要是要是多好啊）

14、引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气多好啊）引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 wish、If only sb.did (现在）现在）had done（过去）would/could/might+do/be（将来）（将来）4.would(had)rather引起的从句引起的从句 would rather sb.did (现在现在,将来将来)sb.had done（过去）（过去）5.Its(high,about)time that sb.did should do6.But for+n/pron,sb would/could/might have done7.without,sb.would/could/might d

15、o have done虚拟语气练习 1.I _ you a more valuable present for your birthday,but I was short of money at that time.A.must have bought B.would have bought C.had bought D.would buy2._ he come,the problem would be settled.A.Would B.Should C.Shall D.If3.I _ to stay there for one more week,but I changed my mind

16、.A.would have hoped B.was hoping C.had hoped D.hoped4.Its necessary that each child _ the rules.A.must obey B.will obey C.obeys D.obey5.His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan.shouldnt agree B.wouldnt agreeA.C.hadnt agree D.didnt agreeBBDDC6.You _ to the meeting yesterday.What wa

17、s the reason for your absence?A.had come B.came C.would have come D.should have come7.If I had seen the movie,I_ you all about it now.A.would tell B.will tell C.have told D.would have told 8.He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _a Chinese.A.were B.had been C.is D.has been 9._you _ last Wednesday,y

18、ou might know it well.A.Were,to come B.If,came C.Had,come D.Did,comeDAAC10.Our former math teacher died of cancer last term,otherwise he_.A.would still be working B.would still have worked C.should still work D.will still work11.Without your help,I _ the exam last term.A.failed in B.would have faile

19、d C.wouldnt pass D.would fail12.I was ill that day,otherwise I _ the sports meet.A.would have taken part in B.took part inC.had taken part in D.would take part in13Were it not for the snowy weather,we_ all right.A.would be B.would have been C.were D.may be 14.If he_ me tomorrow,I would let him know.

20、A.should call B.should not have been able C.were not able D.are not able BAAAA15._ more careful,his ship would not have sunk.A.If the captain were B.Had the captain been C.Should the captain be D.If the captain would have been 16.I wish that I _ with you last night.A.went B.have gone C.had gone D.co

21、uld have gone 17.I wish I_ with her next year.A.would be B.am C.was D.were 18._I you,I would go with him to the party.A.Was B.Had been C.Will be D.Were19.Your advice that_ till next week is reasonable.A.she waits B.she wait C.wait she D.she waited 20.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election,he_ our chairman now.A.must have been B.would have been C.were D.would be BCADBD