公开课课件阅读策略与技巧

《公开课课件阅读策略与技巧》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《公开课课件阅读策略与技巧（63页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Do you enjoy this film?Do you enjoy this film?阅读思路阅读思路分析与解题方法分析与解题方法By Chen Zhimei Libao Middle School2010年江苏省高考考试说明阅读理解要求:w(1)理解语篇主旨大意w(2)理解文中的具体信息w(3)根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义w(4)根据文中的事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理w(5)理解文章的基本结构和文脉逻辑关系w(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度w(7)用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作要词词语转换 主旨大主旨大意意观点意观点意图图 细 节 理细 节 理解解分析推理分析推理

2、猜测词义猜测词义 2004 32843200522104220063111412007119622008 11851200911671阅读理解题型阅读理解题型2.事实细节题事实细节题3.推理判断题推理判断题4.猜测词义题猜测词义题1.主旨大意题主旨大意题段落（或短文）的主旨大意所设立的常见题型：段落（或短文）的主旨大意所设立的常见题型：1.What is the main idea of this passage?2.What is the authors main point?3.The main idea of the paragraph is_.4.Which of the follow

3、ing sentences best expresses the main idea?5.What does the paragraph mainly suggest?6.The paragraph centers on the point that_.7.The topic sentence of passage is _?8.Which is the best title?Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation.He transferred to

4、 the University of Berlin and graduated with honors.Harvard Law School and,later,Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background.He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami,Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that _.A.Tom,who had studied at Paris Universities for four years,m

5、oved to another university.B.Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C.Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D.Tom received an excellent education.detaildetaildetaild e t a i l sPassage idea二、细节理解题二、细节理解题事实细节类题目常见的设问方

6、式：事实细节类题目常见的设问方式：o Which of the following is true according to the text?o Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.o All of the following statements may be true except _.o Which of the following is not the result of_?o Which of the following is the main feature of _?o What can we le

7、arn from the passage?事实细节题解题技巧事实细节题解题技巧 1.1.若针对特殊标点符号若针对特殊标点符号,举例子举例子,名人名言出题名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，只需要阅读符号，例子例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。2.2.在出现一些关键词，如在出现一些关键词，如howeverhowever、butbut、moreovermoreover、thereforetherefore、thusthus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。3.3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义

8、转换项细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项4.4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must,never,the must,never,the most,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,nonemost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,等。等。事实细节题解题技巧事实细节题解题技巧5.5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如：是否一致。如：must,may,often,should

9、,must,may,often,should,usually,might,most,more or less,likely,usually,might,most,more or less,likely,all,neverall,never，few few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。往往被忽视。6.6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及有提及.At the foot of these fairy mountain

10、s,the voyager may have seen the light smoke rising from a village.It is a little village with great age,having been founded by some of the Dutch colonists and there were some of the houses of the original settlers living within a few years,built of some yellow bricks brought from Holland,having latt

11、iced windows(格子窗)What can we learn from the third paragraph?A.There is too much thick smoke in the village.B.The village is very large but it looks oldC.The original settlers once built some house of Dutch styleD.The village was once very rich in resources三、推理判断题三、推理判断题推理判断题常见句型：推理判断题常见句型：1.From the

12、 last paragraph,we can infer that _.2.Following the last paragraph,the author will perhaps _.3.The text is intended to _.4.By this passage the author mainly want to say _.5.It can be inferred from the example that _.6.The text is most probably taken from_.7.What lesson can we learn from the passage?

13、Its not easy being a teenager（13至至19岁青少年）岁青少年）nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager.You can make your child feel angry,hurt,or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself.It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you youl

14、l still be there for him when he needs you.Expect a lot from your child,just not everything else open to discussion.If your child is unwilling to discuss something,dont insist he tell you whats on his mind.The more you insist,the more likely that hell clarn up.Instead,let him attempt to solve（解决）（解决

15、）things by himself.At the same time,remind him that youre always there for him should he seek advice or help.Show respect for your teenagers privacy（隐私）（隐私）.Never read him his mail or listen in on personal conversions.Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family.If your child ta

16、lks on the familys telephone for too long,tell him he can talk for15 minutes,but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time.This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls,but teaches your teenager moderation（节制）（节制）.Or if you are ope

17、n to the idea,allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part time job 68.The main purpose of the text is to tell parents _.A.how to get along with a teenager B.how to respect a teenager C.how to understand a teenager D.how to help a teenager grow uptoo narrow

18、Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder,bribery(行贿)，and death.Frankly，Im sick of all this bad news.This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A.complain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform 解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在坏新闻，

19、如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪（对坏新闻厌字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪（对坏新闻厌恶透了），故应选恶透了），故应选A A。推断题的解题技巧推断题的解题技巧w对作者意图和目的的推理。对作者意图和目的的推理。考生可以利用确定中心思想(主旨)的方法先确定短文的主题和大意，然后分析句子之间的关系，在全面理解原文的基础上，推测出作者的写作意图和目的。w针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向的推理针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向的推理.作者写文章时，经常持有某种态度或倾向。作者的语气和态度往往并不直接在文章中写出来。有时通过全文的叙述，有时通过全文的叙述，考生可以从文章中领悟作者的观点

20、；有时可以通过对作者使考生可以从文章中领悟作者的观点；有时可以通过对作者使用的词汇用的词汇(多为形容词和副词多为形容词和副词)的分析，来推断出作者的态度的分析，来推断出作者的态度和感情，例如作者对某一观点是赞成还是反对，是主观批评和感情，例如作者对某一观点是赞成还是反对，是主观批评还是客观陈述。还是客观陈述。w数字的推断数字的推断w细节的推断细节的推断 四、猜测词四、猜测词/句意题句意题词义理解题常见的题型有词义理解题常见的题型有:1.The author uses the word“”to mean _.2.The underlined phrase“”means _.3.According

21、 to the passage,the word“”means _.4.The word“”in paragraph refers to _.5.By“”,the author means _.6.which of the following is closest in meaning to“”?7.What is“”?1)Definition and explanation 利用定义和解释猜测词义利用定义和解释猜测词义 He is a resolute man.Once he makes up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfw

22、ay.The underlined word means_.A.strong B.firm C.kind D.clever2)Experience根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义Mr.Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home.For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works.The underlined word“rent”refers to_.A.to work to live B.to

23、eat to live C.to teach to live D.to pay to use3)Related Information即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。The official asked the man what his occupation was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A.work B.study C.name D.interest4)Guessing from Comparison and Contrast根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义；根据上下文中的比较

24、、对照关系猜测词义；Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A.town B.capital C.country D.house5)Guessing word from description and exemplification 通过描述和例证猜词通过描述和例证猜词You can take any of the periodicals:Readers,Foreign Language Teaching in Schoo

25、ls,or English Learning.A.dictionaries B.story-books C.magazines D.newspapers 6)Guessing word from Synonym and Antonym.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。Most women in Ghana-the educated and illiterate,the urban and rural,the young and old-work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as ho

26、usewives and mothers.Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance,and hard work is well known and well deserved.The underlined word“illiterate”in the passage means _.A.Repeated B.reiterated.C uneducated D.sick7)Guessing word from Cause and Result通过原因与结果关系猜词通过原因与结果关系猜词 Since I have finish

27、ed my paper now,I am going to give myself a treat tonight.I am going to watch a movie on campus,an action movie called“Face Off”.The underlined words“a treat”here means _.A.an action movie B.something pleasant to enjoy C.a rest D.something nice to eat8)Word formation 即根据前缀、后缀、复合、即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判

28、断生词的词义派生等构词知识判断生词的词义(1)Overwork may cause diseases.前缀前缀over-的意思是的意思是“过分的、过量的过分的、过量的”故故overwork的意思应为的意思应为“工作过度工作过度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes.satisfied的意思是的意思是“满意的满意的”，前缀，前缀dis-的意的意思是思是“不不”，故，故dissatisfied的意思应该是的意思应该是“不满意的不满意的”。9)根据标点符号推测词义。这类标点符号根据标点符号推测词义。这类标点符号通常为括号、冒号、

29、破折号、逗号等。通常为括号、冒号、破折号、逗号等。The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices deluxe sedans,minivans,station wagons,coaches.Santana sedans are the big favorite.The words“deluxe sedans,”“minivans”and“station wagons”used in the text refer to _.A.cars in the making B.ca

30、r rental firms C.cars for rent D.car makersA good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play:they ask and answer questions,they obey orders,and if they dont understand something,they say so.The word“audience”in the paragraph means _.A.students B.people who wa

31、tch a play C.people who act on the stage D.people who listen to something10）熟词新意）熟词新意11）词组推测。尽可能利用生词所在上下文猜）词组推测。尽可能利用生词所在上下文猜测词义，利用所熟悉的单词和词组和上下文档测词义，利用所熟悉的单词和词组和上下文档中以知的部分进行逻辑上的推理。中以知的部分进行逻辑上的推理。Rainforests like the Amazon are important mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to show the glob

32、al warming.Currently the tree in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year:equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year.The underlined phrase “mopping up”means_.A.cleaning up B.taking in C.wiping up D.giving out “The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,”says fri

33、end Pat Williams,“He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker.He was just Joe Everybody.”(02年年E篇）篇）74.“He was just Joe Everybody.”(in the last paragraph)means _.A.Dave was famous B.Dave was ordinary C.Dave was showy D.Dave was shy 12）句子推测）句子推测Find the meaning of the Find the meaning of the underlined

34、part as underlined part as quickly as possiblequickly as possible猜你没商量 1.Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times,such as houses,pots,tools and weapons.A.地理学地理学 B.生态学生态学 C.心理学心理学 D.考古学考古学 2.The football game was getting more and more exciting,however,the old lady was still as

35、dozy as she usually was.A.昏昏欲睡的昏昏欲睡的 B.亢奋的亢奋的 C.欣喜若狂的欣喜若狂的 D.麻木的麻木的 3.She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.A.心不在焉的心不在焉的 B.紧张的紧张的 C.全神贯注的全神贯注的 D.睡意浓的睡意浓的 4.Just for fun,they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway.

36、A.direct B.indirect C.straight 5.All his attempts to unlock the door was futile,because he was using the wrong key.A.成功的成功的 B.徒劳的徒劳的 C.有效的有效的 D.匆促的匆促的 6.Jane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class.Alate Bon time Cpleased 7.Tom saw an owl last night but

37、 it flew away when he got near A.a bird Ban animal Cthe sun 8.The fresh trout is very cheap,but I dont know how to cook it Afish Bfruit Capple9.The boy wants to ride a brown pony.Adog Bcat Chorse 10.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a A木匠木匠 B 动物学家动物学家 C牧人牧人 1.1.

38、主旨大意题主旨大意题必须通盘考虑必须通盘考虑,取主题取主题,舍枝节。舍枝节。符合原文的答案正确答案符合原文的答案正确答案最佳答案最佳答案2.2.文章中的数字、日期、时间、表限量的词或短语等都是细节设题文章中的数字、日期、时间、表限量的词或短语等都是细节设题 的重点的重点,若只注意明显的内容若只注意明显的内容,而不注意虚的内容而不注意虚的内容,想当然答题多半想当然答题多半会错会错.因此，因此，必须学会必须学会“虚实结合虚实结合”3.3.推测题必须所选有据推测题必须所选有据,避免主观避免主观,必须以作者的思维模式为准绳必须以作者的思维模式为准绳,以原文提供的事实、细节逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点

39、，切忌以原文提供的事实、细节逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点和看法混为一谈把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点和看法混为一谈.4.4.猜测题多观察，注意方法，切勿蛮干猜测题多观察，注意方法，切勿蛮干牛刀小试牛刀小试1.The text is mainly about_.A.the price of cigarettes C.the effect of tobacco tax increase B.the rate of teen smoking D.the differences in tobacco tax rate2.What does the au

40、thor think is a surprise?A.Teen smokers are price sensitive.B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.C.Tobacco taxes improve public health.D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.3.The underlined word deter in Paragraph 3 most probably means .A.discourage B.remove C.benefit D.free4.Roger

41、s attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of .A.tolerance B.unconcern C.doubt D.sympathy5.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.C.Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D.Adult

42、s will depend more on their families.Exercise(山东高考2009)1.Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled-to$1.01 per pack-smokers have jammed telephone”quit lines”across the country seeking to

43、kick the habit.2.This is not a surprise to public health advocates.Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years,finding that smokers,especially teens,are price sensitive,Nor is it a shock to the industry,which fiercely fights every tax increase.3.The only wonder is that so many states

44、insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxes improve public health,they raise money and most particularly,they deter people from taking up the habit as teens,which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.exercise 4.In Manhattan,for instance,which h

45、as the highest tax in the nation,a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost$10.06 at one drugstore Wednesdav.In Charleston,S.C.,where the7-cent-n-pack tax is the lowest in the nation,the price was$4.78.5.The influence is obvious.6.In New York,high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys-13.8%,fa

46、r below the national average.By comparison,26%of high school students smoke in Kentucky,Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.7.Hal Rogers,Representative from Kentucky,like those who are against high tobacco taxes,argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Am

47、ericans”who choose to smoke.”exercise8.Thats true,But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place,As for todays adults,if the new tax drives them to quit,they will have more to spend on their families,cut their risk of cancer and he

48、art disease and feel better.41.The word“leftovers”in Paragraph 1 probably means_.A.food remaining after a meal B.things left undone C.meals made of vegetables D.pizza topped with fruit 42.What can we infer from the text?A.Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.B.Many people have wrong ideas

49、 about breakfast.C.There are some easy ways of cooking a meal.D.Eating vegetables helps save energy.43.According to the last paragraph,it is important to_.A.eat something for breakfast B.be careful about what you eat C.heat up food before eating it D.eat calorie-controlled food 44.The text is writte

50、n mainly for those_.A.who go to work early B.who want to lose weight C.who stay up late D.who eat before sleep 牛刀小试牛刀小试 I know what youre thinking:pizza（比萨饼）?For breakfast?But the truth is that you can have last nights leftovers in the a.m.if you want to.I know lots of women who skip breakfast（不吃早餐）

51、,and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.Some say they dont have time.others think theyre“saving”calories（卡路里）,still others just dont like breakfast food.But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when youre trying to lose weight.“Eating just about anything fro

52、m 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,”says Katherine Brooking,R,D,who developed the super-easy eating plan for this years“SELF CHALLENGE”.And even pizza can be healthy if its loaded with vegetables,and you stick to one small piece.Breakfast is one meal I never miss,and the same

53、goes for most weight loss success stories.Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day.Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.So eat some

54、thing in the morning,anything.I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether,and have just coffee or orange juice.I say,try heating up last nights leftovers-it may sound crazy,but if it works for you,do it!I find if I tell myself,“You can always eat it tomorrow,”I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night.Try ityou may save yourself some pre-bedtime calories.And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.（2009全国卷二）Homework Review what we have learned today Finish a passage on your paper