英语中的主动语态与被动语态

《英语中的主动语态与被动语态》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语中的主动语态与被动语态（4页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、英语中的主动语态与被动语态英语中有两种语态即：主动语态和被动语态一概念主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者例如：1.Grannytakescareofthegirl.奶奶照顾这个小女孩（Granny是动作takecareof的执行者，属主动语态）2. ThegirlistakencareofbyGranny.小女孩由奶奶照顾（thegirl是动作takecareof的承受者）二. 被动语态的构成（1）一般现在时的被动语态be动词（am/is/are）+过去分词（2）一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词（3）一般将来时的被动语态will+过去分词（4）含有情

2、态动词的被动语态Can/may/must/should+过去分词注：在英语中当然不止这四种形式的被动语态，它还有现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等多种形式的被动语态，但在中考中只考老师呈现的这四种时态的被动语态三. 被动语态的用法在将被动语态变为主动语态时，首先划分句子成分找出句子的主语、谓语、宾语，然后将主动语态的宾语拿来做被动语态的主语；接下来看这个句子是什么时态，这个句子是什么时态就用什么时态的被动语态；最后用by将主语引出，有时by短语可省略例如：将下列句子变为被动语态1. WecallhimTom.主谓宾HeiscalledTombyus.2. Manypeoplesp

3、eakEnglish.主谓宾Englishisspokenbymanypeople.3. Laskedhersomequestions.主谓宾Shewasaskedsomequestionsbyme.4. Shemadeherroomcleanandtidy.主谓宾Herroomismadecleanandtidy.5. Theytookcareofthechildren.主谓宾Thechildrenweretakenofbythem.6. LucyandLilywillplantmanytrees主谓宾nextSunday.ManytreeswillbeplantednextSundayby

4、LucyandLily.7. Jimcanplaythepiano.主谓宾ThepianocanbeplayedbyJim.三.带有双宾语的句子被动语态的变法带有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，首先划分句子成分找出句子的主语、谓语、直宾（人是直宾）和间宾（物是间宾），然后主动语态中的直宾和间宾都可用来作被动语态的主语，接下来如果是将间宾用来作被动语态的主语时，还须在直接宾语前加to或for注意：介词to或for的选择与谓语动词有关：与to连用的动词有：give/show/send/bring/read/pass/lend/leave/hand/tell/return/write/pay/throw

5、/wish/teach/promise等；与for连用的动词有：make/buy/do/fetch/get/play/save/order/find等.（常考的老师打有下划线）例如：1. Shesentmeadictionaryon主谓直宾间宾mybirthday.Iwassentadictionaryonmybirthday.Adictionarywassenttomeommybirthday.2. Myfatherboughtmearadio主谓直宾间宾yesterday.Iwasboughtaradioyesterday.Aradiowasboughtformebymyfatheryes

6、terday.四：省略了带to的不定式的句子的被动语态的变法省略了带to的不定式的句子在变为被动语态时，在这个省略没to的动词前要将to还原上.（像这样的句型有：makesbdosth/seesbdosth/hearsbdosth/letsbdosth/watchsbdosth/noticesbdosth等)例如：1. Thestorymadeuslaugh.主谓宾Weweremadetolaughbythestory.2. Thebossmakestheworkerswork12主谓宾hoursaday.Theworkersaremadetowork12hoursadaybytheboss.

7、3. 丄sawthebovplaysocceronthe主谓宾playgroundalmosteveryday.Theboywasseentoplaysoccerontheplaygroundalmosteveryday.练习题：将下列句子改为被动语态1. Weplanttreeseveryspring.2. ManyforeignersvisittheGreatWalleveryyear.3. LilyandLucycleanedtheclassroomyesterdayafternoon.4. MoststudentslikeMr.Wang.5. ManypeoplewillvisitBe

8、ijingnextyear.6. Theyusewoodtomakepaper.7. Annlookedafterthechildrenwell.8. LilyinvitedmetoherbirthdaypartylastSunday.12. Scientistsmayclonehumanssomeday.13. Peoplemustntthrowrubbishintotheriver.14. Mustweplantmoretreestoprotecttheenvironment?15. Didheplantmanytreeslastyear?16. WillshevisitBeijingne

9、xtSunday?17. Jennyputherclothesinthesuitcaseyesterdayevening.18. Tomsawhissisterwalkintotheroomjustnow.19. Wemustplantmanytreesandflowersinourhometowneveryyear.20. Hecanmakepaperships.21. JanewillwatchTVtomorrow.22. Thoughtheearthquakedestroyedmanyhouse,peopledidntlosehope.23. Lilyoftenheardhersiste

10、rsinginthenextroom.2#9. Awritertranslatedthebookintomanylanguagesseveralyearsago.10. Mybrothercanworkoutthemathproblemeasily.11. Weshouldchangeclothesoftentokeephealthy.24. Inoticedhimreadanovelinclass.25. Theteachermadeusunderstandit.()26._Ourhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful._Sure,manytreesev

11、eryyear.A. plantB.isplantC.areplantedD.planted()27.InJuly,2016,the30thOlympicGamesinLondon.A.willbeheldB.beheldC.isheldD.washeld()28.Thetaskinanhour.Thenwecangohomeandhaveagoodrest.A.wasfinishedB.willbefinishedC.hasbeenfinishedD.cantbefinished()29._WhereisBetty?_Sheontheplaygroundafewminutesago.A.wa

12、sseenB.sawC.isseenD.isseeing()30.Morethan20schoolsinthecountrynextyear.A.arebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebuiltD.willbebuilt()31.ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitwidelyintheworld.A.is,usedB.was,usedC.is,usingD.was,using()32._PeoplesaythesubwaybuildinginHarbininafewyears.A.willfinishB.isfinishedbythelake.A.tod

13、rawB.todrawingC.drawD.drew()38._ThereisalotofwindinNorthChina._Well,moretreeseveryyeartostopthewind.A.mustbeplantedB.canplantedC.shouldplantedD.shouldplant()38.Alotofmeetingswerebecauseofthedangerousdisease.A.turnedoffB.setoffC.putoffD.takenoff()39._Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?_Yes,ourclassroomever

14、yday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleaned()40.Dontworry.timetodecide.A.willgiveD.wascleanedYouplentyofB.havegivenD.aregivingC.willbegiven3C.willbefinishD.finished()33.Oldpeoplemust.A.bespokentopolitelyB. speaktopoliteC. bespokenpolitelyD. speakpolite()34._Whatswrongwithyourleg?_Ibyabikewhencrossingtheroad.A.hurtB.washurtC.amhurtD.willhurt()35._Ihavesomegoodnewstotellyou.Youasavolunteerforthemeeting._Really?Icantbelieveit.()36._Theshirtlooksdifferentfromothersanditlooksnice._Thanks.Itbymymotherlastmonth.A.madeB.ismadeC.wasmadeD.makes()37.Theyoungmanwasoftenseen4