谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

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1、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1. 英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义, 主语通常是物。This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock.（指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，

2、如： happen, last, take place, break out, comeout, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等以主动形式表示被动意义。How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？3. 系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。Your reason sounds reasonable.五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义 在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式

3、的主动形式 表被动意义 。1. 在 need，want，require, bear 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义 相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）.这房子需要修理。2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to beread）3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间

4、有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词 或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。I have a lot of things to do this afternoon, （to do 与 things 是动宾关系，与 I 是主谓关 系。）试比较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? （ 此处用不定式的被动语态 作定语表明 you 不是 post 动作的执行者。）4. 在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词 不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形

5、容词有 nice， easy， fit， hard， difficult， important， impossible， pleasant， interesting 等。 例 This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to work out 省略了 for me）.5. 在too to结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。 This book is too expensive （for me） to buy.6. 在 there be 句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重

6、点在物。例There is no time to lose （to be lost）.（用to lose 可看成 for us to lose；用 to be lost,谁 lost time 不明确。）7. 在 be to do 结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语 的影响，下列动词rent, blame, let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for starting the fire?六、介词 in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相

7、应动 词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。1. “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control （受控制）,under treatment （在治疗中），under repair （在修理中），under discussion （在讨论中），under construction （在施工中）。The building is under construction（ is being constructed）.2. “beyond+名词”结构，“出乎胜过范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief （令人难以置信），beyond ones reach （

8、鞭长莫及），beyond ones control （无法控制）， beyond our hope 我们的成功始料不及。The rumour is beyond belief（ =cant be believed）3. “above+名词”结构，表示“（品质、行为、能力等）超过、高于”。His honest character is above all praise=His honest character cannot be praised enough4 “for+名 词”结构，表示“适于为着”。如：for sale（出售）,for rent（出租）等。That house is for

9、sale. （= That house is to be sold）.5.“in+名词”结构，表示“在过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print （在印刷中），insight（在视野范围内），等。The book is not yet in print(=is not yet printed)一单项选择：1 It is a pity that quite a lot of customers _ the advertisements and buy a lot of goods they dont really need.A fall for B have fallen for C fell

10、into D have fallen into2 I dont think the man is for the job, for he is not _to do it.A accessible, qualified B available, qualified C available, qualifying D accessible, qualifying3 These naughty boys couldnt, ,get out of the troublesome problem by themselves.A althoughB thoughC as ifD even if4 In

11、my opinion, the best friend is one your sorrows and joys.A with which to share B with whom to share C with that to share D with whom sharing5 Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but he hung up _ I could answer the phone.A .as B. since C .until D. before6 The key_ the problem between the

12、 company and the consumer is_ the demands_ by the consumers.A to solving, to meet, making B to solving, to meet, madeC to solve, met, making D to solve, meeting, made7 I put him down as a well-educated man. ? I mean that he is awell-educated man.A I beg your pardon B Speak louder, please C What is t

13、hat? D Will you repeat your words8 do you think of the design of the cloth?A What, type B How, design C Who, color D What, design9 He was unable to to the group what he meant.A get through B get acrossC get downD get around10 He suddenly saw Sue the room. He pushed his way the crowd of people toget

14、to her.A across, across B over, throughC over, intoD across, through11 He left the place, never back again.A determined, to come B being determined, to come C determined, coming D determining, coming12 Within a year he from teller to assistant cashier.A promotedB was promotedC had promotedD had been

15、 promoted13 If you dont like it, you dont have to .A pay B pay it C pay for D pay for the money14 He hasnt slept at all for three days. He is tired out. .A There is no pointB There is no needC it is no wonderD it is no way15 Do remember go and see your uncle whenever .A you are convenient B you will

16、 be convenient C it is convenient to you D it will be convenient to you16 This story had a ending.A satisfied B satisfyingC satisfactionD satisfy17 criticized, Mike would accept none of them.A His beingB While beingC Even if beingD Even if18 Where do you going for your holidays this year?A intend B

17、expect C pretend D mean19 Is Bob still performing? -Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he hasbecome an official.A .to have leftB to leaveC to have been leftD to be left20 I dont know what.A was the matter B is the matter C the matter was D the matter is 21 When do you think visit her u

18、ncle?A she was going?B she will go to C will she go D will she go to22 Please tell me to have your coffee black or white?A what would you like B what you would like C how you would like D how would you like 23 Do you know?A how many stomachs does an ant have B how many stomaches an ant hasC how many

19、 stomachs an ant has D how many stomaches an ant have24 The manager left word with his secretary he would call again in the afternoon.A who B which C as D that25 I wonder whether he knows to write a book.A how great pains it will cost B what great pains will it takeC what great pains it will cost D

20、what great pains it will take26 It is said that Tom in public.A laughed B is laughedC has been laughed atD laughs at27 The young man asked the tailor .A how long would the coat be ready B how soon would the coat be readyC how long the coat would be ready D how soon the coat would be ready28 The mana

21、ger warned his driver after drinking.A never to drive B to never drive C never driving D never drive29 On his way home from Shanghai he told me that he Shanghai again.A had visitedB has visited C would visit D will visit30 flowers, the pupils sent their teachers a nice greeting card for her birthday

22、.A BesideB Except forC BesidesD Except31 It is only 20 minutes ride from here to Stone Company.A a, theB /, aC /; theD the; /32 Please pass me the pen cap is broken.A that which C whoseD of which33 All the electrical equipment will be equipped in the office great importanceto us.A that; are of B tha

23、t; is of C what; is of D what; are of34 Please go to the station and the time when the train will leave.A make sureB find outC find D discover35 It is required that the work done next week.A will beB isC beD must be36 He tried many times to sneak across the border to a neighboring country, eachtime.

24、A having been caught B unluckily caught C always being caught D only to be caught37 You can never imagine what great difficulty we had your house last time.A foundB to findC findingD for finding38 We must work hard to the environment from.A protect, pollution B protect, being polluting C prevent, be

25、en polluted D prevent ,polluting39 The staple foods eaten in any country depend largely on best in its climate and soil.A how it growsB that it growsC what growsD whether it grows40 The man asked.A was there anything he could doB whether there was anything what he coulddoC there was anything what he

26、 could doD if there was anything that he could do高一英语晚练 22一单词拼写（20 分）1. This kind of medicine will c your headache.2. We are to （登广告） a secretary in the newspapers.3. I cant i living in such a big city.4. Tickets are（可得到free of charge from the school.5. The girl has（独一无二）thinking and rich imaginatio

27、n 6. This is a good（抉择） for you.7. PSAs are meant to（促进）products and public services.& Ads often use（有说服力）texts to appeal to you.9. He r me a good book yesterday10. The packaging of the product is （显眼）11. All of us have been a that ads play an important role in our daily life.12. They made a c that

28、this type of digital camera was of high quality.11. His lie was so touching that many of his friend f for it.14. This new kind of computers are so small and light that they are c to carry about.15. His unique a to the problem was thought highly of by the teacher.16. Many young people like his songs,

29、 that is to say, his songs a to young people.17. He p me to go shopping and I bought a big pack of goods.18. Your job is p the new product to make it known to consumers.19. That hotel is famous for its fine s. The waiters and waitresses are friendly andpolite.20. Some commercial ads dont tell the tr

30、uth, so be s about them.二、单选题1. While doing shopping, people sometimes cant help into buying somethingthey dont really want.A. persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. to be persuaded 6A customer is who has no complaints.A. satisfied; peopleB. satisfying; thatC. satisfy; whichD. satisfied; one7i

31、s a highly developed twentieth-century industry.A. AdvertisementB. Advertising C. AdvertiseD. Advertiser9Education white settlers only in Australia in the past. The natives could not go toschool.A. intended for B. was intended for C. intended to D. was intended to2. I dont think people are really aw

32、are just how much it costs.A. aboutB. onC. ofD. /4. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from your own.A. untilB. even if C .unlessD .as though5.I dont like the way he speaks to me.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. how6. The teacher asked us so much noise.A. dont make B. not

33、make C .not making D. not to make8. If it is quite to you, Ill visit you next Tuesday.A. convenient B. available C. easyD. comfortable9. The country life he was used to greatly since 1992.A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed12. Tom told his teacher that he born in 1990.A. wasB. had b

34、eenC .is D. has been13. I have no choice but his advice.A. accept B. to accept C. accepting D. to be accepted14. Generally speaking, children easily such tricks.A. fall off B. fall down C. fall forD. fall behind15. He got up early he could catch the first bus.A. in orderB. so thatC. in order to D. s

35、o as to16. We are happy to know our head teacher will be to headmaster.A. promoted B. lifted C. raised D. encouraged18. What a hard life they ! You should have helped them.A. hadB. ledC. playedD. made20. Rags that are used to paper are not tiring any more. Youll be used to such fine paper.A. make; u

36、se B. making; areC. make; usingD. be made; using六 1 cure 2 advertise 3 imagine 4 available 5 unique 6 choice 7 promote 8 persuasive 9 recommended 10 eye-catching七 15 CADBB 610 DABB 1115 C(D)/ BCDA 1620 BDABC 2124 BABC模块 4 第一单元检测1. If you want to sell this product well, I advise you to ait in the new

37、spaper or onTV.2. All of us finally agreed to his plan because of his planguage.3. Nearly all the ato the palace were guarded by the soldiers.4. Im sorry those coats are not（可获得的，可买到的）in your color and size.5. Last night I went to the bookshop and the shopkeeper ra new to me.6. What she has in mind

38、is beyond（想象力）. No one can tell what she will donext.7. She is never swith what she has got and keeps asking for more and more.& I will call back at a more（方便的）time.9. Adventuring in African forest is really an uexperience.16 The latter plan isnt good I think you should go back to your oone.四单项选择：（2

39、0分）I. Though he came from a family similar mine, we have little similarity taste.A. with, to B. to, inC. in, to D. to, for2He was tricked a useless camera.A. to buyB. in buyingC. into buyingD. to have bought3. After a heavy ads campaign, our market share has increased _15% _ 60% in Asian market .A.

40、with, to B. to, by C. at, above D. by, to 4Games play an important childrens educationA. part ofB. role of C. part forD. role in5Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player .A. of all times B. of all the timeC. of all the times D. of all time6He a new proposal at the meeting to solve the urgent

41、 problem.A . put upB. put forwardC . put offD. put away7. The newly published book, which refers basic English grammar, isonly for beginners.A. as; meantB. for; intended C. to; plannedD. to; intended8. He left the place, never back again.A. determined; to comeB. being determined; to comeC. determine

42、d; comingD. determining; coming9. -Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?-Sorry, Im too busy and I havent even a minute to .A. spendB. shareC. spareD. stop10 We him to stop surfing the internet, but he wouldntA. persuaded B. tried to persuade C. suggestedD. demandedII. Would you me a good dictiona

43、ry?A. commandB. demandC. recommendD. recommendation12. Id like a table for six Sorry, sir, but we dont have any tables right nowA. usableB. suitableC. comfortableD. available13. Move off the box, please. It stands .A. in my wayB. on my wayC. by the wayD. in a way14. needs further discussion whether

44、well build a school here or not.A. The matterB. HeC. ItD. We15. More advanced technique information was from abroad.A. brought outB. brought inC. brought onD. brought16. You after a long distance walk, arent you? Yes. I need a good rest.A. must tireB. must be tiredC. must have been tiredD. must have

45、 tired17. Come over and Have a chat with me whenever .A. you will be convienientB. it will be convenient to youC. you are convenientD. it is convenient to you18. She was shy to speak in public at the beginning. But now she is used to nomatter how many people there are in front of her.A. speakB. spea

46、king C. being spokenD. be spoken19. The visit of the police was the lost child.A. connected withB. joined withC. connecting with D. joined to20. People found him still after the road accident, so they sent him to hospital atonce.A. liveB. livelyC. living D. alive自我校对：1-5 BCDDD 6-10 BDACB 11-15 CDACB

47、 16-20 BBBADU1M4 复习小测试四、单项选择151. Mary loves history so much that she to study history in university in the future.A. determines B. enables C. connects D. persuades2. Word came that the government hanged the hero. Local residents angrily to it.A. actedB. reactedC. reported D. adapted3. He often uses

48、ways, which are different from others, to solve math problems.A. similarB. practical C. partial D. particular4. Those problems are difficult for you, so you should think them over.A. hardlyB. separatelyC. extremelyD. generally5. Their old house was too shabby, so they had a new house .A. containedB.

49、 consistedC. updatedD. built6. He was punished and promised that he not do so again.A. willB. mustC. wouldD. does7. The design children a lot. They all like it.A. contributes toB. appeals toC. falls for D. applies for8. You told me that you had seen the performance .A. two daysB. two days before C.

50、two days ago D. yesterday9. The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they？ .A. I guess not so B. I dont guess C. I dont guess soD. I guess not10. You seem to have lost your way. ? Yes. Im looking for JinshanPark.A. What are you looking forB. Are you looking for somethingC. Need any helpD. What

51、are you doing11. He is not very good at getting his ideas , so he is easily misunderstood byothers.A. overB. alongC. across D. about12. They spent all day a model plane and finally completed it.A. getting together B. putting togetherC. living togetherD. mixing together13. The school has decided to a

52、dopt a different to attract more students, since oldways didnt work well.A. useB. approachC. issue D. trick14. The captain all his soldiers before him, telling them to get ready for the fight.A. collectedB. gatheredC. selectedD. elected15. Can you help me to send these letters? Here is the list.A. p

53、resentB. mailingC. fileD. phoneU1M4 复习小测试答案四、单项选择156-10 CBBDC1-5 ABDCD11-15 CBBBB练习一. 单词拼写1. aware2. claim3. fell4. convenient5.approach6. appeal7. persuaded8. promoting9. service10. smart高一英语练习（M4U1）一、单项选择1-BBBBD 6-BADBD 11-ABACC 16-BDAAB 21-BCCDD 26-CDACC 31-ACBBC 36-DCACD一. 单词拼写六 1 cure 2 adverti

54、se 3 imagine 4 available 5 unique 6 choice 7 promote 8 persuasive 9 recommended 10 eye-catching1. aware2. claim3. fell4. convenient5.approach9. service 自我校对： 1.advertise 6.imagination6. appeal10. smart7. persuaded2.persuasive 3.approaches 4.available7.satisfied 8.convenient 9.unforgettable8. promoting5.recommend10.original