小升初英语语法大全-小升初语法知识及练习

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1、专题一字母概述英语中有26个字母。其中有5个元音字母和剩余的20个辅音字母。丫 y 为半元音字母，有时用作元音字母，有时用作辅音字母。小热身：L按顺序默写出26个字母的大小写，并画出元音字母和半元音字母.2.根据你所掌握的字母知识，完成下列各题。(1)六个两笔完成的小写字母是, i,j,(2)五个元音字母的大小写形式是,Ee,(3)六个三笔完成的大写字母是 E H,I,字母及读音字母大小写及读音A a /ei/G g /d3 i:/M m/em/S s /es/Y y /wai/B b /bi:/H h /eitf /N n /en/Tt/ti:/Z z/zed/C c /si:/II /ai

2、/O o /au/Uu/ju:/D d /di:/J j /djei/P p /pi:/V v /vi:/E e /i:/K k / kei/Q q /kju:/W w /dAblju:/Ff/ef/L 1/el/R r/a：/X x /eks/字母的大写英文句中首单词首字母要大写。例：How are you ?人名中名和姓的首字母要大写。例：Jim Green , Wang Yadan 国名、城市名的首字母要大写。例：China , Zhengzhou 语言及民族首字母要大写。例：English , Chinese 职务或称呼的首字母要大写。例：Dr Wang , Miss Li 专用名词的

3、首字母要大写。例：Class Two , Grade Six 表示“我”的单词(主格)，即“I”,无论在什么情况下都要大写。例： Lucy and I are friends.三.常见缩略词Mon.星期一 Tue.星期二 Wed.星期三 Thur.星期四 Fri.星期五Sat.星期六 Sun.星期日Jan.一月 Feb.二月 Mar.三月 Apr.四月Jun.六月 Jul.七月 Aug.八月Sept.九月 Oct.十月 Nov. H一月 Dec.十二月A. M.(a. m.)午 P. M.(p. m.)下午 WC 厕所 UN 联合国 TV电视USA美国CCTV中国中央电视台OK好,行 IT信息

4、技术 RMB人民币 CD光盘 VIP重要人物 ID身份证 WTO世界贸易组织ABC基础知识UFO不明飞行物强化练习一.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。d； O； L；X；Hh； N_；V； Dd_；rMm ；Oo； a；FfXx； Kk；i； q一 t_； Pp; Rr ；二.写出下列字母的大写或小写形式。B_ d f G Q；I Y n. O v_ J_；a C m三.选词填空。1. morning!( Good , good )2. Is your ruler ?( this , This )3. Yes , am.( i , I )4. I want to go to(shanghai , Sh

5、anghai )5. How old are you ,?( Kate , kate )6. This is.(miss Wang , Miss Wang )7. I am in.( class one , Class One )8. do you do ?( How , how )9. I am.(Hu10 . She comes from11 . I can speak.12 . She is in13 . What is this inSuJie , Hu Sujie )(japan , Japan )(Chinese , Chinese )( Grade four , Grade Fo

6、ur )(English , english )14. Jim, is Lucy.( This , this )四.选择正确答案。()1.下面哪个字母是元音字母？A. Bb B. YyC. OoD. Hh()2. Basketball中共有个辅音字母？A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 9()3.字母g占四线三格的A.第二格B.第一、承 C.第二、三格D.第一、二、三格()4. eye中共有个元音字母？A.1B.2C.3D.0()5.字母f占四线三格的A.第三格B.第一、二格 C.第二、三格D.第、二、三格()6.字母H书写时由笔完成？A.1B.2C.3D.4()7.下列字母中上端顶第一线的字母是A

7、. eB. gC. dD. m()8.下列字母中书写时由两笔完成的是A.JB.DC. WD.G()9. umbr611a中共有个元音字母？A.1B .2C .3D.4()10.字母q在四线格里的位置与下列哪个字母相同？A. rB. dC. fD. p五.根据中文选择正确的词。1.联合国()A . UKB . UNC. USA2.刃（）A. JanB. Jan.C.Jane3.医生（）A. doctorB DocterC. Doctor4.星期日()ASaturdayB. Sun.C. Sat.5.五年级（）A. grade fiveB. Grade fiveC. Grade Five6.3班C

8、. Class three7.法国()A. class threeA frenchB. Class ThreeB . FrenchC. France8.北京C)A. BeiJingB . BeijingC. beijing9.厕所()A. WcB . wcC. WC10.九月()A septemberB , Sept.C. Sep.六.判断正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”，并加以改正。()1.字母 a 由两笔写成。)2. student fl只有 u,e两个元音字母。)3. mother里只有3个辅音字母。)4.M书写时由三笔完成。)5.字母e占四线三格的第二格。)6. Z 书写时由一笔完

9、成。G 书写时由两笔完成。)8. J的书写是由两笔完成的)9. young里有1个半元音字母，2个元音字母，2个辅音字母)10. excellent 里有3个元音字母七.请将一周七天的缩写词按囿旦到酣的顺序填写在表格里。WEEKA.请将十二月份的缩写词按顺序写在下面横线上。专题二语音.英语中共有48个音素，元音有20个，辅音有28个。记录英语音素的符号叫音标。音标必须写在/内。长元音/a：/3：/i:/u:/短元音/A/Io/a/i/u/e/x/ei/ai/Di/双元音/la/ea/ua/au/au/清辅音田/t/k/f/9/s/浊辅音/b/d/用/v/d/z/清辅音/J/h/ts/tj/tr

10、/浊辅音囚/r/dz/dW/dr/鼻音/m/n/他半元音/ w/边音/!/ 有的音素发音时，声带振动叫做浊音。 有的音素发音时，声带不振动，叫做清音。 含有一个响亮音素的声音片段，叫做一个音节。英语里的元音音素都是响亮音素,所以一般来说，凡是含有一个元音音素的声音片段构成一个音节。 开音节：以元音结尾的音节。例：me /m i:/ 闭音节：以辅音结尾的音节。例：at / set /读音规则五个元音字母在开音节和闭音节中的发音情况开音节例词闭音节例词Aa/el/name, face , take/x/am , man , and , atEe /i:/be , me , beeIdpen , t

11、en , let, tellli /ai/nice , like , life/i/his, it , inOo /au/home, cola/D/not, long , lot ,stopUu /ju:/use/A/sun , up , us , but元音字母a的组合发音ai读作/el/例：train , again,painair读作/eo/例：chair, air , hairal读作/）:/例：all , also,wallay读作/el/例：day , play元音字母o的组合发音oa读作/aU/例：coat, boatoo读作/u:/例： food , room , school

12、在k之前或t,d之前读作/u/例：book , look , good , footor 读作/:/例：report, short,sport读作/3：/（w 后）例：word ,work ,worldou 读作 hU/例：sound , out, around读作/u例：you , soup , groupoi 和 oy 读作/3i/例：boy, pointow 读作/aU/例：how, now读作/aU/例：know , snow , showore 读作/D:/例：more , storeour 读作/0:/例：your, four元音字母e的组合发音ea 读作/i:/例：eat, pl

13、ease , creamee 读作/i:/例：green , need , seeer 读作/3:/例：her , hers , girlear 读作例：hear , ear , cleareei读作/n/例：engineer 元音字母i的组合发音ir 读作/3:Z 例：birth , firstigh 读作/ai/例：high , nightie 读作/ai/例：lie 半元音字母y的组合发音ye在词尾读作/ai/例：bye 元音字母u的组合发音u在11之前，在b,p,f之后读作/u/例：pull, fullu在sh之前，在b,p,f之后读作/U/例：push等加u的开音节读作/u:/例：r

14、uler, truech读作/tJ7读作/k/ck读作/ k/dr读作/dr/ds读作/dz/ gh读作/f/kn读作/n/ng读作/g/ph读作 /f/sh读作/J7tr读作 /tr/ ts读作/ts/ wh 读作/h/辅音字母组合的发音例：much例：school例：clock例：draw例：beds, cards 例：laugh例：know例：English例：phone例：sheep, ship例：try , trip例:hats , bats例:who , whose强化练习一.选出每组词中画线部分读音不同于其他选项的那一项。()1.)A. bag2. A .B. thankC. g

15、lass foodD. mapC . lookgoodB .D. book()3.A. lateB. atC. batD. cat()4.A. EnglishB.thankC. thinkD. night()5.A. deskB. pencilC. eatD. pen()6.A. cupB. mumC. summerD. use()7.A. IB. lifeC. liveD. hi()8.A. goB. oldC. fromD. no()9.A. doB. twoC. whoD. clock()10. A .howB .knowC . snowD. show二.根据画线部分的读音，选择正确的音

16、标。()1. great A./e/ B./el/ C./i:/()2. good A./u:/B./ju:/ C./u/()3. how A./au/ B./au/ C./eo/()4. mum A./ju:/8. /u:/ C./A/()5. clockA./ou/ B./0/C./u:/()6. run A./ju:/8. /u:/ C./A/()7. wantA./el/ B./e/ C./D/()8. boat A./ou/8. /au/C./0/()9. more A./3:/ B./au/ C./u:/()10. boy A./Di/8. /au/C./el/()11. form

17、er A. Ix)l B./a：/ C./D:/()12.city A./k/B./s/ C./z/三.判断每组词中画线部分的发音是否相同，相同的画“J”，不同的画“X” o()1. cup mum summer()2. all alsocall()3.musicstudentrun()4. busputbut()5.lostclockrock()6. ageatbat()7.wantclassglass()8. hemelet()9dayPlayMay()10.likericeprice四.看每组单词，用“ J”表示出画线字母与所给字母发音一致的单词。1. Aa and () lake ()

18、2. Ee eat ()leg()3. li like () live ()4. Oo from ()go()bus () music ()6. Eebe ()5. Uumake ()7. Oocome () hope ()8. lidry ()happy ()五.拼读音标，在括号内写出相应单词的序号。()1./deVA. river()2./hju:/B. cloud()3./klauckC. soup()4./tfeyD. news()5./sep tembyE. sky()6./desk/F. September()7./skakG. date()8./su： yH. picture()

19、9./ piktfyI. desk()10./ nevyJ. chair()11./ rivyK never六.读单词，在括号中写出每组画线部分发音不同的单词序号。()1. A. capB. circleC. city()2. A. listenB , writeC. white()3. A. sheB - lateC. we()4. A. farmerB. sisterC. her()5. A. gradeB . lakeC. ladder()6. A. threeB - sweaterC. meet()7. A. yearB. earC. there()8. A. howB. nowC.

20、show()9. A. artB. starC. any()10. A. goodB. lookC. who专题三名词概念：表示人或事物名称的词，叫做名词。名词的分类名词分两大类： 普通名词：是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称 o 如：student 学生 water 水 machine 机器 happiness快乐 专有名词：是个人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名称，开头字母要大写o如：Mike迈克 China中国the Great Wall长城名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词仃单数和复数之分,不可数名词一般不分单数和复数。如：可数名词：boy （单数）boys （复数）不

21、可数名词：juice , rice . meat注意：表示一个人或事物用单数,标一个以上的人或事物用复数名词复数的构成法构成法读音例词在词尾加-S1 .在清辅音后发/s/2 .在浊辅音和元音后发/ z/1. desk - desks / s/2. boy - boys / z /在词末加-es1 .以“x, s, ch , sh”等结尾的名词后加-es2 .以e结尾，直接加-s-(e) s 读作/ iz/1. glass - glasses /iz/ class - classes / iz /2. orange - oranges / iz/ horse - horses / iz /如以f

22、, fe结尾，则去f, fe 加一 ves-ves 读作/ vz/knife - knives /vz/ wife - wives / vz/以辅音字母加y结尾，则去y力口- ies-ies 读作/ iz/baby - babies / iz/ party - parties / iz /以辅音字母加。结尾，则加-es-es读作/ z/potato - potatoes / z/ tomato - tomatoes / z/但 radio， photo ，piano，则直接加-s不规则名词变化法则man - men ； woman - women ； tooth - teeth ； foot

23、- feet ； mouse- mice ； sheep - sheep ；fish - fish ； child -children ； Chinese - Chinese ；名词的所有格情况构成方法读音例词单数名词加S清辅音后读/s/浊辅音和元音后读/z/Mikes /s/MaryS / z /以S结尾的复数名词加，读音不变the teachers, room注意：表示几个人共同拥有的，只需要在最后一个名词后加S O表示各自拥有时，需要在每个名词后都加S O强化练习七.写出下列各单词的复数形式。1. glass 2. family 3. wolf 4.cou ntry5.radio 6.

24、photo 7. fox 8.fridge11. watch15.fish 19.ruler 9.bus10. box12.brush13.policeman 14.farm16.sandwich17. apple 18.foot 20.tooth二.画横线，选出下列正确的单词或词组。1. Do you drink much ( milk , milks )?2. I visited ( Jim , Jims ) house yesterday.3. This is ( Tom and Marys , Toms and Marys ) house.4. He had two ( cup , c

25、ups ) of tea.5. Those ( books , book ) are on the desk.6. Look at this ( boy , boys ).7. That ( dogs , dog ) is mine.8. Would you like some ( bananas , banana )?9. The sperm whale has 50( tooth , teeth ).10. These ( shoes , shoe ) are very nice.三.选择填空。()1. This is room.A. Jack and Lucy B. Jack and L

26、ucys C, Jacks and LucysD. Jacks and Lucy)2. She is a goodA . studentB . studentsC boyD. boys()3. I want twoA. pencil-boxB pencil-boxesC . pencils-boxD. pencils-boxes()4. How many_ do you have?D. friendsA. friendB . friendsC friendes()5. TheseareJudys.D. fishsA . fishB . fishesC - fishs()6. Look at t

27、hose A . childB . childsC . childrenD. childrens()7. He has two big.A eyeB . eyesC . eyeesD. eyes()8. He is Jeff9s.A brothersB . brotherC . brotheresD. brothers ()9.is this pen ?Its Wang Fangs.A WhosB . WhoseC . WhereD. Which()10. birthday is September 5th.A. Her mother B. her motherC. Her mothers,D

28、. Her mothers四.将下列表示单数的句子改成复数的句子。1. This is a boy.2. Do you have a new rubber ?一1 Thereisoneappleinmyhand. That is her watch.三.Shehasacameraandu mbrella.四. There is a plane in the sky.五.圈出句子中的错误并改正。1 . I dont like orange juices .It issour.()2 . There is an old books in mybag.3(Bananas)favoriteismyfr

29、uit.()4Theygotoschoolonfeet.()5.Therearemanyphotoesofmyfamily.()六.连词成句。1.teacher is strongMyandtall (.)2.teacher This scienceisnewour (.)3.there bedrooms Howaremany(?)4.lake The jumpedthedoginto (.)5.is What your hobby(?)9.阅读理解。Tom is seven. He goes to school every day. The school is near his home,

30、so he goes there on foot and comes back home on time (按时). But today he is late. His mother asks him Why are you late today ?”u I am in the headmaster office (校长办公室).”“Why do you go to the headmasters office?“Because my teacher asks us a question in the class. Nobody (没人)can answer it , but I can.”“

31、It is good to answer the teachers question.”“But the question is who puts ink on my chair.根据短文内容，回答问题。五.Is Toms home far from his school?2. How does he go to school ?3. Does Tom often come back home late?4. Only Tom can answer the question , cant he?5. Is it good for Tom to do it ?专题四形容词一.形容词的用法形容词用

32、来修饰名词，表示名词的属性，一般放在它所修饰的名词前 o 例： a big garden ; an old picture形容词也用来表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。例：The ruler is long . The boy is tall.形容词的比较级和最高级（比较级用于两者间的比较，最高级用于三者及三者以上的比较）。例： He is taller than me . He is the tallest one in our class.二.规则形容词比较级和最高级的构成 一般情况下在词尾加er或est: taller , smallest 以e结尾的单词在词尾加I或st: larger

33、, nicest 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写末尾字母加er或est:bigger , thinnest 以辅音字母加y结尾的，要把y变为i后加er或est: heavier ,heaviest双音节词和多音节词，在词前加more或most: more interesting ,most interesting三.常见不规则形容词的比较级和最高级well /good better best ;more mostbad / badly - worse worst ;farther farthest强化练习1.找出各组单词中与其他三个不属于同一类的一项。()1-A.biggerB. y

34、oungerD. driver()2.A.weightB. hairD. arm()3.A.IB. youD. they()4.A.longB. tailD. heavy()5.A.meterB . whaleD. shark2.请写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式。1. tall (2.short ()(3.big ()(4.small ()much /many far C longerC. footC. thanC. bigC. bird6. old7. young8. good9.thin10. strong5,heavy ()3.单项选择。()1. Who isthan you ?A.

35、heavyB heavyerC. heavier()2. My arms arelonger than.A. youB. yourC- yours()3. My little sister is four years than me.A. smallB. youngC - younger()4. My fish is smaller than.A. TomB. TomsC. Toms*()5. Mike is 45kg.A. thinHe isthan John.B. thinerC. thinner()6. Amy is taller _Sue.A. thanB. thenC. that()

36、7. I am bigger andthan you .A. strongB strongerC. strongger()8. Your dog is smaller thanA. mineB. myC. I()9. How big are your?A. footB. feetC. foots()10. He is a goodA. swimB. swimerC. swimmer4.下列各句中均有一处错误，请找出并改正在后面的横线上。()1. Im taller than this giraffes!ABC)2. Ifs tail is longer.A B C D()3. You re t

37、aller than you brother.A BCD()4. Which monkey does you like ?A B C D()5. My arm are longer than yours.AB C D()6. I am bi ger and taller than you.A B C D()7. A sperm whale has 50 tooth.A B C D()8. My fish is smaller than Sarahs.A B CD五.阅读对话，选择填空。Mary： Do you have a sister , Lucy ?Lucy： Yes, I do. Her

38、 name is Lily.Mary： Is she taller than you?Lucy： Yes, she is. She is the tallest one in her class.Mary： Is she heavier than you?Lucy： Yes, she is bigger and stronger than me.Mary： Does she have longer hair than you ?Lucy： No, her hair is a little shorter than mine.Mary： Does she like singing?Lucy： Y

39、es, she does. Her voice is beautiful. She is the best singer in her class.)1. Lucy is than Lily.A. tallB. tallerC. shortD. shorter()2. Lily is theone inher class.A . tallestB .heaviestC shortestD. youngest()3. Lucv9s hair is a little longer than.A. MaryB. MarysC.LilyD. Lilys()4. Lilysinging.A . like

40、B .likesC . dont likeD. doesnt()5. Lily is Lucys.A friendB .classmateC sisterD. brother()6. Lucys sister is the bestin her classA swimmerB .singerC dancerD. player六.阅读理解。Dad： Which monkey do you like?Ben： I like the yellow one. It is taller than the brown one.Dad： Which monkey is stronger?Ben： The y

41、ellow monkey is taller. The brown monkey is stronger.Dad： I like the little monkey. It is younger. Its tail is 38cm long.Ben： I think the little monkey is only 40 cm tall.Dad： I think the yellow monkey is 150cm tall.Ben： It is shorter than me.Dad： The monkey is shorter but you are funnier.根据对话内容，判断正

42、(T)误(F) o)1. The yellow monkey is taller and stronger than the brownmonkey.()2. The little monkey is younger. Its tail is 40cm long.()3. The yellow monkey is taller than Ben.()4. Ben is funnier than the monkey.()5. The little monkey is 150cm tall.专题五动词be动词1)表示存在状态的为be动词。在英语中有三种基本形式:am , is , are.根据不

43、同的主语要选用不同的be动词。如: I am ten years old.Are you hungry ?口诀：“我”用am,“你”用are,is用于“他、她、它”，凡是复数要用are。注意：如果句子主语是不可数名词，那么be动词要选用is o 如：The bread is for you.2)在There be句型中,be动词的使用要和There be后的第一个单词相搭配。如： There is a pen , two rubbers and three ball pens in my pencil case.There are two rubbers , a pen and three b

44、all pens in my pencil case.助动词：(如：do , does, did )是动词的一类，表示可能，应该，必须，愿望等意思。通常用在动词或形容词前边。如： Does your mother work in the bank ?实义动词：即行为动词，表示动作的动词。hit情态动词表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能加动词原形构成谓语动词。小学阶段所学的情态动词有:can , may , must, should , need等。它们的否定式就是在其后面加not .can not = cant;may not ;must not = mustntsh

45、ould not = shouldnt ; need = neednt一.can的用法 表示能力He can carry the heavy box.Can you swim ? 表示可能性It can be very hot in summer in Nanjing. 表示许可，常用来代替mayYou can go home now.( You may go home now.) 表示请求Can you tell me the way to the park ?二.may的用法表示允许或请求May I come in ? You may use my pen.表示可能性He may be f

46、ree today. She may not come tomorrow.三.must的用法表示必须，必要You must finish your homework before supper.表示语气肯定的猜测He must be a doctor.She must be our newteacher. must not ( mustn)表示禁止，不允许You mustnt talk in the library.It is dangerous. You mustnt touch it.四.should的用法表示义务、责任，相当于汉语的“应当”。You should keep quiet i

47、n the library.五.need的用法表示需要,用于否定句和疑问句。You neednt come here.Need I show you how to draw a circle on the black board ?强化练习-用适当的be动词填空。LIa doctor.2. Mikeilltoday.3 . Thesenew books.4 . Tom andat school now.5. Iglad to see you.6.your parents?7. Look at this dog . Itlovely.8. You and Igood friends.9.A: W

48、hatthis in English?10.B:ItTherean egg.a banana and two apples in the bag.11.there any water in the bottle ?12.Those girlsin the same class.13.Theretwo books and a pencil case in the bag.14.A: Whatyour name ?B: My name Judy.15. . this your sister ?16. The bread for you.17. Jack , Tom and I playing th

49、e piano.18. Lucy a beautiful girl.19. There five apples on the table.20. A: What those over there?8: They pears.21. We going to Shanghai tomorrow.22. My father a farmer.23. Smoking harmful to the health.24. These red rubbers.25. you good at singing ?二.用正确的情态动词填空。25.1 sit here ?2. You walklike this.3

50、. We walk on the grass.4.1 dancewith you ?5. She did not have breakfast. She be hungry now.6. I thinkyou be ten years old.7. My brother run faster than you.8. A： I use your car ?B： No, you.1. you please go with me ?10. Parents be strict with their children.11. We listen to the teacher carefully in c

51、lass.12. Tom jump high.13. 1 am very busy. I go now.14. It is dangerous. You stay away from it.15. A： I come here tomorrow ?B： Yes , you.16. You tell me about him.17. 1 open the box?18. You talk to your father like this.19 My parents come tomorrow.20. It is half past twelve. Youhave lunch now.三.选择填空

52、。()1. There.a desk and two tables in the room.A.amB . isc areD. has()2.you help me ?A.CanB . Mayc.MustD. Need()3.there any bread in the fiidge?A. IsB. AreC. AmD. Has()4.,I have some soft drink, please ?A.CanB . Mayc.MustD. Need()5. Why_ Ben late for school today ?A .amB . isc. areD. has()6.you sing

53、an English song ?A.CanB . Mayc,MustD. Need()7. Perhaps therea new hospital.A.amB . isc areD. has()8. Where my camera ?A . amB. isC. areD. has()9. You must this question.A , answerB . answersC . answeredD. answering()10. You keep quiet in the library.A . canB . mayC . shouldD. need四.用动词的正确形式填空。1. Tod

54、ay is your birthday. What you( want)?2. She( have ) two cameras.3. Many of the students(like ) watching TV at the weekends.4. Can you( sing ) an English song?5. Tom and Mary( be ) good friends.6. He usually(try ) his best in English.7. Shall we( get) some flowers for our teacher.8. Ben( want) to be a doctor.9. How you( spend ) your weekend?10.1 ( be ) at home now.五.翻译下列句子。1 .我可以和你谈一谈吗？2 .我明天需要去你的办公室吗？3 .张丽生病了，明天她也许不能来上学了。4 .你妹妹去公园吗?5 .我的叔叔在医院里工作。专题六副词副词