北京市海淀区2020届高三英语第一次调研考试试题含解析

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1、北京市海淀区首师大附中2020届高三英语第一次调研考试试题（含解析）一、完形填空Double TroubleWhen I was eight, I wanted a toy and needed $10 to buy it. But, as usual, I was broken. I decided to ask my 11-year-old sister, Kathleen, for a loan. I went to her room, _1_her for the cash. Laughing, she agreed to lend me the money, but_2_, I wi

2、ll charge you 10 percent compound interest every _3_until you pay me back.Compound interest-whats that? I asked.Well, interest is what you call the_4_money borrowers have to pay back on a loan, she explained. Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the_5_it takes you

3、 to pay back the loan. To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month. If you wait two months to pay me back, your_6_ will grow from $10 to $11. So Ill be charging you interest on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me, for a _7_of $12.10. Thats what youll

4、owe after two months.Sure. I get it, I said. Though truthfully, I was getting _8_.Kathleen lent me the money, and I bought the toy. My birthday came a month later, and my mom gave me $10. _9_, that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted_10_. I _11_paying my sister for a month. Afte

5、r another month, I forgot about the loan.Several months later, on Christmas morning, my sister and I each found a $20 bill in our stockings. I was just putting it into my pocket_12_Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.Sorry, kiddo. Thats mine. Im _13_your debt.Huh? Then I_14_ the loan. Hey! How can it

6、 be that much? I only borrowed $10.True, she said, but interest has been compounding for eight months. Now you owe me $21.43. She paused, and then, smiling triumphantly, said, You can pay me the $1.43.I_15_to believe that a $10 loan could more than double so quickly. Much to my _16_, my sister got h

7、er pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all _17_.My head_18_as I tried to keep track of Kathleens calculations, but this time, I got the basic_19_of compound interest. I learned from this_20_experience that borrowing money can be double trouble in no time.1. A. beggingB. blamingC. searchin

8、gD. preparing2. A. suggestedB. sworeC. explainedD. added3. A. monthB. yearC. weekD. day4. A. littleB. extraC. enoughD. same5. A. shorterB. moreC. longerD. less6. A. cashB. debtC. noteD. saving7. A. totalB. costC. numberD. bill8. A. encouragedB. shockedC. satisfiedD. confused9. A. GraduallyB. Obvious

9、lyC. HopefullyD. Unfortunately10. A. seriouslyB. desperatelyC. secretlyD. willingly11. A. decided onB. put offC. gave awayD. cared about12. A. afterB. whenC. whileD. until13. A. carryingB. relyingC. collectingD. focusing14. A. neglectB. complainedC. statedD. remembered15. A. decidedB. pretendedC. re

10、fusedD. managed16. A. reliefB. delightC. annoyanceD. regret17. A. added upB. showed upC. turned upD. sped up18. A. turnedB. hurtC. stuckD. nodded19. A. ideaB. lessonC. benefitD. discovery20. A. unfairB. worthlessC. painfulD. decisive【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. B

11、13. C 14. D 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者八岁时一次借钱的经历。本来作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最终作者的债务累加到了21.43美元。经过这次经历，作者明白了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。【1题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我去她房间，请求她借给我钱。A. begging请求；B. blaming指责；C. searching搜寻；D. preparing准备。根据常理，我需要钱，所以肯定是恳求姐姐借给我钱。故选A。【2题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她笑着同意借给我钱，但是又加了一句“每月按照利滚利收我

12、10%的利息，直到我还完钱”。A. suggested建议；B. swore咒骂，诅咒；C. explained解释；D. added补充说，增加。根据句意，姐姐补充说要收我利息。故选D。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. month月；B. year年；C. week周；D. day日。由第三段中的“To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month（偿还贷款，一个月后你需要给我11美金）”可知，姐姐答应借给我钱，但是要我每个月付10%的利息。故选A。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“利息是借钱

13、人在归还贷款时额外付的钱。”A. little不多的，小的；B. extra额外的；C. enough足够的；D. same同样的。根据常识，利息就是还钱时本钱之外的钱。故选B。【5题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：利滚利就是你还钱用的时间越长，利息就会越来越多。A. shorter更短的；B. more更多的；C. longer更长的；D. less更少的。根据下文的解释，So Ill be charging you interest on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me（我将按11美金计算利息。

14、然后会将利息加在你欠我的11美金上。）可知，归还贷款需要的时间越长，所需支付的利息就越多。故选C。【6题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：如果你等两个月归还我的钱，那么，你的债务将从10美元增加到11美元。A. cash现金；B. debt债务；C. note钞票；D. saving积蓄。根据句意，我借了姐姐的钱，就相当于我有了债务，空格处单词与下文Im _13_your debt中的debt呼应。故选B。【7题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我将把利息加在你已经欠我的11美金上，总共是12.1美金。A. total总数；B. cost花费，成本；C. number数目；D. bill账单。根据句意，如果作

15、者两个月才归还姐姐的钱的话，那么，利滚利，最终作者要归还的总数为12.10美元。故选A。【8题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我说：“好的，我明白了”。但是，说实话，我很困惑。A. encouraged 受到鼓励的；B. shocked震惊的；C. satisfied满意；D. confused 困惑的。根据though可知，我告诉姐姐我明白了，其实我很困惑。故选D。【9题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：不幸地是，那笔钱恰恰就是我特别想买的另一个玩具所需要的钱。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Hopefully充满希望地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据

16、下文“After another month, I forgot about the loan.（又一个月后，我忘了贷款）”可知，作者没有还姐姐钱，贷款越积压越多，所以回想起来是不幸的。故选D。【10题详解】考查副词辨析。句意同上。A. seriously严肃地，认真地；B. desperately极度地；C. secretly秘密地；D. willingly甘心情愿。由下句I _11_paying my sister for a month. After another month, I forgot about the loan.（我决定推迟一个月还钱。又一个月过去了，我忘记了贷款）可知，

17、作者用钱买了另一个礼物，所以这个礼物是作者非常想买的。故选B。【11题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我把还姐姐钱的计划推迟了一个月。A. decided on决定；B. put off 推迟，拖延；C. gave away放弃；D. cared about关心。由下文“After another month, I forgot about the loan.（又一个月后，我忘了贷款）”可知，作者想着推迟一个月还钱，可是过了一个月，作者忘记了贷款这事。故选B。【12题详解】考查时间状语从句的连词。句意：当我正要把20美元放到我口袋里时，姐姐拍了拍我的肩膀。A. after 在之后；B. when 当

18、时候；C. while当时候；D. until直到。根据句意，这是一个时间状语从句，连词意为“当时候”。虽然when和while都可以表达“当时候”，但是while后一般接进行时态，when后接一般时态。由空格后使用的一般过去时，可知选when。故选B。【13题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：“抱歉，kiddo。那是我的。我要收债了。”A. carrying携带，运送；B. relying依靠；C. collecting收取；D. focusing（使）集中。根据句意，姐姐要收债了。故选C。【14题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：那是我想起了我的贷款。A. neglect忽视；B. complained抱

19、怨；C. stated陈述，说明；D. remembered记起。此空格处单词与上文中“After another month, I forgot about the loan.（又一个月后，我忘了贷款）”中的forgot形成反义呼应。故选D。【15题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我拒绝相信10美金的贷款能如此快地翻倍。A. decided决定；B. pretended假装；C. refused拒绝；D. managed设法做到。由下句my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all _17_（姐姐拿出纸笔给我

20、精确地计算）可知，作者一开始是不相信的。故选C。【16题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：令我感到生气的是，姐姐拿来铅笔和便签簿，向我精确地展示这个钱数是怎么来的。A. relief 缓解；B. delight 高兴；C. annoyance 恼怒；D. regret后悔，遗憾。根据句意，作者本来就不相信，姐姐还拿出纸笔来证明，作者更生气了。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词短语。句意同上。A. added up累计；B. showed up出现，露面；C. turned up露面，找出；D. sped up加速。由上文中第三段描述的利息的计算方法可知，贷款和利息的钱是慢慢累计出来的。故选A。【18题详解

21、】考查动词辨析。句意：当我想尽办法弄清楚Kathleen的计算时，我头疼了，但是这次我了解了利滚利的基础知识。A. turned转动；B. hurt疼痛；C. stuck粘贴，粘；D. nodded点头。空格处单词与上文中第八题I was getting confused呼应，作者不清楚利滚利怎么计算，所以认真研究起来很头疼。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. idea主意、概念、想法；B. lesson课程；C. benefit利益；D. discovery发现。根据句意，作者是想尽办法理解利滚利的概念，故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我从这个痛苦的经历中知道了借

22、钱很快就可能带来双倍的麻烦。A. unfair不公平的；B. worthless没用的，无价值的；C. painful痛苦的；D. decisive决定性的，关键的。根据全文的描述，作者借了10美金，糊里糊涂间，几个月内就翻倍了，是一场痛苦的经历。故选C。二、阅读理解Once there was a piano player in a bar. People came just to hear him play. But one night, a lady asked him to sing a song.I dont sing, “said the man.But the lady told

23、 the waiter, “ Im tired of listening to the piano. I want the player to sing! “The waiter shouted across the room,” Hey,friend! If you want to get paid,sing a song!” So he did. He had never sung in public before. Now he was singing for the very first time! Nobody had ever heard the song Mona Lisa su

24、ng so beautifully!He had talent he was sitting on! He may have lived the rest of his life as a no - name piano player in a no - name bar. But once he found, by accident，that he could sing well,he. went on working hard and became one of the best - known singers in the US. His name was Nat King Cole.Y

25、ou,too,have skills and abilities. You may not feel that your talent is great,but it may be better than you think. With hard work, most skills can be improved. Besides, you may have no success at all if you just sit on your talent.21 Nat King Cole succeeded because .A. the lady helped him a lotB. he

26、caught the chanceC. he continued to play in the barD. he played the piano well22. The words” sit on” in the passage probably mean” “.A. fail to realizeB. forget to useC. try to developD. manage to show23. From the story we know if you have some talent,you should .A. hide it and waitB. ask others for

27、 helpC. pay no attention to itD. work hard to improve yourself24. Which could be the best title for the passage?A. Sing in the BarB. Achieve Success in LifeC. Never Lose HeartD. Find Your Hidden Talent.【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在一家酒吧里，一位女士让钢琴演奏者唱首歌，结果那位钢琴演奏者发现自己很有唱歌的天赋并继续努力工作，最后

28、成为了美国最著名的歌手之一，他的名字叫纳特金科尔，这个故事告诉我们要发现自己的天赋并加以努力。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He had talent he was sitting on! He may have lived the rest of his life as a no - name piano player in a no - name bar. But once he found, by accident，that he could sing well,he. went on working hard and became one of the best - kno

29、wn singers in the US. His name was Nat King Cole.”可知，他真的很有唱歌的天赋，只是他原来没有发现，如果没有发现自己的天赋的话，他的余生都可能会在一家不知名的酒吧里为别人弹钢琴，但一旦他偶然发现他唱得很好并继续努力工作，他成为了美国最著名的歌手之一，他的名字叫纳特金科尔，由此可知，金科尔的成功在于他抓住了机会（发现了自己的天赋并努力工作），故B项正确。【22题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文内容可知，金科尔原来并没有发现自己很有唱歌的天赋，他只是坐在酒吧里为别人弹钢琴，再根据最后一段中sit on前的“you may have no success a

30、t all”可知，如果你像（之前的金科尔一样）没有意识到自己的天赋，你可能根本不会成功，由此可知sit on的意思是“没有意识到”，故A项正确。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“With hard work, most skills can be improved.”可知，通过努力，大多数技能都能得到提高，由此可知，光有天赋还不行，还要努力工作提高自己的技能，故D项正确。【24题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是在一家酒吧里，一位女士让钢琴演奏者唱首歌，结果那位钢琴演奏者发现自己很有唱歌的天赋并继续努力工作，最后成为了美国最著名的歌手之一，他的名字叫纳特金科尔，这个故事

31、告诉我们要发现自己的天赋并加以努力，故D项正确。【点睛】文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度较大，抓住反映文章主题的关键词尤为重要，通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是在一家酒吧里，一位女士让钢琴演奏者唱首歌，结果那位钢琴演奏者发现自己很有唱歌的天赋并继续努力工作，最后成为了美国最著名的歌手之一，他的名字叫纳特金科尔，这个故事告诉我们要发现自己的天赋并加以努力，文章紧紧围绕“天赋”一词展开，因此文章标题一定要体现出“天赋”，故D项（发现你隐藏的天赋）适合作文章标题。To see the world is one thing. To have someone to share it with is anoth

32、er. Indeed the travel becomes more interesting when you have a travel partner. A travel partner can be a close friend, a family member, a pal youve met online, or a businessYou can have someone to talk toTraveling alone is fun，but wouldnt you feel lonely? Having a travel partner can remove the feeli

33、ng of loneliness. This is especially true if you can get a travel companion who is very familiar with the place you, re traveling to. You don t have to ask any information from the locals, and you can increase the time you spend in the country.One of the major headaches in traveling is the costs inv

34、olved. You cant simply ignore the rising price of hotels or plane tickets. You should also think about your daily needs such as your food. Of course, you cant simply go back without bringing any souvenirs (纪念品)to your friends and family. All these can ruin your budg- et(预算).However, when you have a

35、travel friend, you can have someone to share the expenses with.You can meet a good friendHaving a travel mate is a good way of meeting a new friend or even a lifelong partner. You can never count the number of couples who actually found their way into each others heart while traveling together in an

36、other country.You can have someone to watch out for youWhen youre in a foreign land, youll never be really safe. You dont know the rules as well as the culture of the people. A travel mate will be perfect to remind you of your duties in the country and to watch your back just in case you get lost. S

37、o why dont you find a travel companion now?Lets find out how .25. Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To introduce a travel company.B. To encourage us to have a travel partner.C. To explain how to be a perfect travel partner.D. To tell an interesting experience with a travel partner

38、.26. Whats the best title for the 3rd paragraph?A. You can have someone to share the expenses with.B. You can know the local culture well.C. You can enjoy food with your partner.D. You can save money by bargaining together.27. Which of the following statements agrees with the authors opinion?A. Trav

39、eling alone is not fun.B. Buying souvenirs isnt necessary.C. Many people fall in love when traveling.D. Its better to choose a stranger as a travel partner.28. The following paragraph will probably talk about .A. how to get along with a travel partnerB. how travel can benefit peopleC. what we can le

40、arn from travelD. how to find a travel partner【答案】25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了和同伴一起旅行的几点好处。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Indeed the travel becomes more interesting when you have a travel partner.”可知，事实上，当你和一个同伴一起旅行的时候，旅行会变得更有趣，由此可知，作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励我们旅行时要找一个同伴，故B项正确。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是根据“However,

41、when you have a travel friend, you can have someone to share the expenses with.”可知，然而，当你和同伴一起旅行时，他可以和你分担费用，由此可知，本段主要讲的是你可以和同伴一起分担旅行费用，故A项正确。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“You can never count the number of couples who actually found their way into each others heart while traveling together in another country

42、.”可知，你永远也数不清在另一个国家一起旅行时，有多少对夫妇得到了彼此的真心（找到了真爱），由此可知，许多人在旅行时坠入爱河，故C项正确。【28题详解】推理判断题。上文介绍了和同伴一起旅行的几点好处，再根据最后一段“Lets find out how .”可知，让我们看看如何，由此可知，文章接下来会介绍如何找到一个同伴一起旅行，故D项正确。Summer is the most popular season to visit Texas since there is so much to see and to do. While visiting the Lone Star State this

43、 summer, dont miss visiting some of these attractions and taking part in some of Texas best summer vacation activities.Visit SeaWorldThere are sea life shows，adventure camps，thrilling rides and a water park. A great many activities are waiting for you at SeaWorld.Windsurf at South PadreWith miles of

44、 shallow (浅的)，calm water in the Lower Laguna Madre and strong winds conning off the Gulf of Mexico，South Padre Island is a windsurfers dream.Swim at Barton SpringsBarton Springs is in the famous Zilker Park. It was formed when Barton Greek was built. Since its opening, Barton Springs has become one

45、of the most popular swimming pools in the state.Take part in an outdoor adventureIn the scenic Texas Hill Country, Lake Buchanan Adventures offers different kinds of activities, including boating, hiking, camping and more.Camp and hike in Big Bend ParkBig Bend offers a great number of outdoor activi

46、ties in an old way. Backpacking, mountain biking, fishing, boating, hiking, nature watching and camping - you name it. If it can be done outdoors, it can be done in Big Bend.Enjoy saltwater fishingSaltwater fishing in Texas is as good as anywhere else in the USA. More and more fishermen have been di

47、scovering this in recent years and packing their bags and rods (鱼竿)to make good use of Texas, world - class saltwater fishery.29. The underlined phrase “the Lone Star State” in Paragraph 1 is another name for .A. TexasB. San AntonioC. South PadreD. Gulf of Mexico30. When you visit SeaWorld, you can

48、enjoy the following EXCEPT .A. sea life showsB. adventure campsC. climbingD. exciting rides31. Where can you go if you want your windsurfing dream to come true?A. San Antonio.B. South Padre.C. Barton Springs.D. Texas Hill Country.【答案】29. A 30. C 31. B【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了得克萨斯州最好的几项暑期活动。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段

49、中的“Summer is the most popular season to visit Texas since there is so much to see and to do.”可知，夏天是德克萨斯州最受欢迎的季节，因为那里有太多的东西可看和可做，再根据“dont miss visiting some of these attractions and taking part in some of Texas best summer vacation activities.”可知，不要错过参观一些景点和参加德州最好的暑假活动，由此可知，孤星州是得克萨斯州的别名，故A项正确。【30题详解】

50、细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are sea life shows，adventure camps，thrilling rides and a water park.”可知，海洋世界里有海洋生物表演、探险营地、刺激的游乐设施和水上公园，而没有提到攀岩，故C项正确。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“With miles of shallow (浅的)，calm water in the Lower Laguna Madre and strong winds conning off the Gulf of Mexico，South Padre Island is a windsurf

51、ers dream.”可知，南帕德雷岛拥有数英里的浅水区、拉古纳-马德雷河下游平静的海水以及墨西哥湾附近的强风，是帆板爱好者的梦想之地，由此可知，如果你想实现你的帆板梦想，你应该去南帕德雷岛，故B项正确。Alida Monaco doesnt spend her summers doing the usual teenage work, like working at the mall. Instead，she s studying.It used to be that a summer job was considered a teenage thing. Today, Monaco ,wh

52、o has never had a summer job, is part of growing trend (趋势)teenagers focusing on their studies, even during the summer. Thats down from 72% of Americans aged 16 to 19 who worked in July of 1978, according to the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.Fierce (激烈的)competition, older workers returning to the

53、 workforce and weak economic growth are all adding to the decrease of teenagers in the workforce. But as schoolwork grows increasingly heavy and homework eats up more time, data suggest the biggest reason why some teens wont be working this summer is that they simply dont1 have time.For college - bo

54、und teens, some teachers even advise students not to waste time on a summer job. “ Some of my students only have about six weeks off in the summer,” said Shannon Reed, a lecturer at the University of Pittsburgh and a former high school English teacher.” I could never advise that they get jobs during

55、 that short break. ”Young people who dont work may miss out on valuable skills that they11 need control and help people learn to deal with adult situations. But Monaco, who plans to attend Harvard, isnt fazed by her lack(缺乏)of work experience. “Maybe I have missed out on a couple of life skills, “sh

56、e said. “ But I dont think it will harm me in way .”32. What is the trend of American teenagers?A. They are becoming lazy.B. They are fond of doing holiday jobs.C. They are focusing more on studies than on jobs.D. They are becoming particular about (挑剔)holiday jobs33. What is the third paragraph mai

57、nly about?A. The reasons for teenagers giving up work.B. The fierce competition teenagers face.C. The structure (结构)of Americas workforce.D. The effects of America9 s weak economy.34. Whats Shannon Reeds attitude towards the new trend?A. uncaring.B. favorable(支持的).C. worried.D. doubtful.35. What doe

58、s the underlined word “fazed” in the last paragraph mean?A. supported.B. helped.C. upset.D. confused.【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，以莫纳科为例介绍了如今越来越多的美国青少年注重学业而不是工作。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It used to be that a summer job was considered a teenage thing. Today, Monaco ,who has never had a summer j

59、ob, is part of growing trend (趋势)teenagers focusing on their studies, even during the summer.”可知，以前暑期工作被认为是青少年该做的事，如今，莫纳科从未做过暑期工作，她也成了越来越多的注重学业的青少年中的一员，即使是在暑期，由此可知，美国青少年的趋势是注重学业而不是工作，故C项正确。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是根据“the biggest reason why some teens wont be working”可知，本段主要介绍的是青少年放弃工作的原因激烈的竞争、年长的工人重返

60、劳动大军以及疲软的经济增长；家庭作业占用的时间越来越多；根本没有时间，故A项正确。【34题详解】推理判断题、根据倒数第二段中的“ Some of my students only have about six weeks off in the sum- mer,” said Shannon Reed, a lecturer at the University of Pittsburgh and a former high school English teacher.” I could never advise that they get jobs during that short brea

61、k. ”可知，匹兹堡大学讲师、前高中英语教师香农里德说：“我的一些学生只有大约六周的假期，我不建议他们在那短暂的假期里找工作”，由此可知，香农里德支持“青少年更注重学业而不是工作”这一趋势，故B项正确。【35题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Maybe I have missed out on a couple of life skills, “she said. “ But I dont think it will harm me in way.”可知，她说，“也许我错失了一些生活技能，但我不认为它会伤害到我”，这说明莫纳科并没有被缺乏工作经验而困扰，由此可知画线词词义为“困扰、使心烦”，

62、故C项正确。三阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China plans to release one or two giant pandas into the wild. So far the spot _36_ (select) in east China s Jiangxi province. It will be the first time to release a gaint panda into the wild outside southwest Chinas. Sichuan Province, _37_ 13 pandas had been r

63、eleased by the end of last year. An expert meeting was held in Jiangxi, where it was decided that pandas would be transported from Sichuan. Then they will be released into the Jiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve. The nature reserve _38_ (have) a mild climate and a quite good ecosystem, with abundant bamboo _39_ (resource) and little human interference, which is good for giant pandas to reproduce. Researchers also _40_ (brief) introduced the researc