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1、牛津译林版八年级上册英语 Unit 8 语法讲解和练习-（含答案）Unit 8 Natural disasters一、过去进行时1.定义过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一段时问一直在进行的动作。如：I was doing my homework at 8 P.m.1ast night.昨晚 8 点我正在做家庭作业。What were you doing last month?上个月你一直在做什么?2.构成过去进行时由助动词 be 的过去式 waswere+现在分词”构成。如：The boy was cleaning the house.那个男孩正在打扫房子。They were
2、playing football at four yesterday afternoon.昨天下午四点他们在踢足球。3.句式变化(1)一般疑问句及回答变成一般疑问句时应将 was 或 were 移到句首。如：Was it raining at 6 0clock this morning? 今天早上六点钟天正在下雨吗?Yes, it was.No, it wasnt.是的。不是。Were they building a dam last winter? 去年冬天他们在建大坝吗?Yes, they were.No, they werent. 是的，他们在建。不，他们没有。(2)否定句肯定句变成否定
3、句时在 waswere 后加 not，was not 常缩写为 wasnt，were not 常缩写为 werent。如：My brother was notwasnt playing computer game last night.昨天晚上我弟弟不在玩电脑游戏。We were notwerent shopping at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我们不在购物。4.用法(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。动作发生的特定时间常用一个时间短语或时间状语 从句来表明。常用的时间状语有：this morning,the whole morning,all day yest
4、erday,from nine to ten,last evening,between 1 and 3yesterday morning,when,while 等。如：I first met Lisa three years ago.She was working at a radio shop at that time.我三年前第一次遇见 丽莎。那时，她在一家无线电用品商店工作。I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.老师进来时，我正在画马。(2)表示过去某一段时间一直在进行的动作。如：My father was watching TV
5、from seven to eight last night. 视。1 / 5昨天晚上七点到八点我爸爸在看电牛津译林版八年级上册英语 Unit 8 语法讲解和练习-（含答案）I was living in my teach ers house when I was in middle school .上中学时，我一直住在老师家 里。(3)有些动词通常不用进行时。主要有：表示心理状态、情感的动词，如 love、hate、like、know 等。部分连系动词，如 seem、appear 等。感官动词，如 see、hear、feel、smell、sound、taste 等。短暂性动词，如 decid
6、e、stop 等。二、when，while 和 as 的用法1.when，while 和 as 这三个词均有“当时候”的意思，而且都可以引导时间状语从句。when 和 as 既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其从句中的谓语动词表示的动作既可以 是瞬间性的，也可以是延续性的；while 只指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即：指一段时间时，when、while 和 as 都可用；指某一点时间时，只能用 when 或 as，不能用 while。如：WhenAs he woke up, it was eight oclock.他醒来的时候，时间是八点钟。WhenAsWhile 1 w
7、as waiting for a bus, I met her.我在等公共汽车的时候，遇到了她。 2.when 引导的从句的谓语动词动作可以在主句谓语动词动作之前、之后或同时发生；while 和 as 引导的从句的谓语动词动作必须和主句谓语动词动作同时发生。如：When he finished his homework, he played the computer games for a while.当他完成作业后，他玩了会儿电脑游戏。(finished 先发生)When I got to the museum，the door was closed.当我到达博物馆时，大门已经关上了。(go
8、t to 后发生)WhileAs I was sleeping，the telephone rang.当我在睡觉的时候，电话响了。(was sleeping 和 rang 同时发生)3. 当主句、从句动作同时发生且从句动作为延续性动词时，when、while 和 as 都可使用。如： WhenwhileAs we were reading ，a stranger came in. 当我们在看书时，一位陌生人走了进 来。(read 为延续性动词)4. 强调两个动作同时进行，常用“过去进行时+while+过去进行时”结构。如：They were rowing boats while we were
9、 climbing the hill.我们在爬山时，他们在划船。5. 强调某个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在进行，常用 “ 一般过去时+while+过去进行时” 结构。如：It began to rain heavily while we were having dinner.我们在吃晚饭时，开始下起大雨。6.强调某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生，常用“过去进行时+when 十一般过去时” 结构。如：I was walking in the street when he called me.我正在街上走时，他给我打电话了。2 / 5牛津译林版八年级上册英语 Unit 8 语法讲解和练习-
10、（含答案）7.当主句、从句动作同时进行时，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背 景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as 有“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。如： As years go by，China is getting richer and stronger.随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。The little girls sang as they played.小姑娘们一边玩，一边唱。【注意】区分延续性动词与非延续性动词延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：stay, live, learn, study, work, wait, w
11、atch, sing, read等。短暂性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。 如 open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy, die等。练习：一、单项填空(1) I _ on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday.A. draw B. drew C. was drawing D. am drawing(2)I _ my homework while my parents
12、 _TV last night.A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watchingC. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching(3) While I _with my friend, she came in.A. am talking B. was talking C. talked D. am going to talk(4) My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell; was riding B. fell
13、; were riding C. falls; rode D. was falling; was riding(4) Did you watch the football match yesterday?Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match.A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D.plays(6) As she _the newspaper, Granny _ sleep.A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading;
14、was falling D. read; fell(7) Most people _when the big earthquake took place in that area.A. are sleeping B.were sleeping C. slept D. sleep(8) Why are you so late today?Three buses went by without stopping while I _ at the bus stop.A. am waiting B. waited C. have waited D. was waiting(9)We were swim
15、ming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A. when B. while C. until D. before(10)Did you see a man in black pass by just now?No,sir.I _ a newspaper.3 / 5牛津译林版八年级上册英语 Unit 8 语法讲解和练习-（含答案）A. reading B. was reading C. would read D.am reading(11) I called you at half past nine this morning, but ther
16、e was no answer.Oh,sorry.I _with my cousin in the supermarket.A. shop B.was shopping C. shopped D. will shopyesterday afternoon, but nobody(12) I came to your home yesterday afternoon,but nobody was in.Oh,we _ some shopping in the supermarket.A. have done B. did C. were doing D. are doing(13) I phon
17、ed you at six last night,but _ answered.I _ a walk in the park at that time.A. anyone; was having B. no one, was having C. nobody; had D. somebody; had (14)What do you think of the colour of my new dress?Sorry, but what did you say? I _ about something elseA. think B. though C. am thinking D. was th
18、inking(15) I saw him in the library yesterday.He _ a book at that moment.A. reads B. is reading C. was reading D. will read(16) Sherlock Holmes asked the suspect what he _ when the murder took place.A. was doing B. has done C. is doing D. would do(17) Why did the car hit the boy?Because the driver _
19、 on the phone at that time.A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked(18) When did the classroom have a power cut?This morning, while we _ a physics lesson.A. have had B. were having C. are having D. will have解析：1-5 CBBAB 6-10 BBDAB 11-15 BCBDC 16-18 ACB二、所给动词的适当形式填空:1. He _ (walk) home whe
20、n the rain_ (begin).2. What _you_ (do) at ten oclock yesterday?I _ (study) in class.3. This time yesterday Jack _ (mend) his bike.3. It was six. The Greens _ (have) supper.4. While my mother_(watch) TV, I_(make)a kite.5. He_ (work) on the computer while Suzy_ (sleep)on the sofa.6. The students_(talk
21、) loudly when the teacher_(come) into the classroom. 8. My father_(fix) the watch while I_(do) my homework yesterday.4 / 5牛津译林版八年级上册英语 Unit 8 语法讲解和练习-（含答案）9. The Class I Grade 8 students_(have)a party when their teacher_(arrive). 10. Yesterday Peter _ (look) at some photos while Eddie_(sleep) on the
22、 floor. 11. When you _ (telephone)me last night,I _ (lie)on the bed.12. It _ (rain)very hard when we_ (get) there yesterday.13. She _(have)a bath when the phone _(ring).14. The students_(make)noises while the teacher_ (be) away.15. I _(read) in my room when she_(come) here yesterday.16. We _ (read)a
23、 ghost story when suddenly the light_(go)out.17. I _ ( wait) for the bus at five yesterday afternoon.18. Grandma _(cook) breakfast while I_(wash) my face this morning. 19. When my mother came in, I_(listen) to music.20. Yesterday they_(plan)a trip to Beijing.20. Why didnt you watch Running Man on TV
24、?I _(make) up the music for the coming School Art Festival.22.Why didnt you answer my call?I _(take)a shower. But I called you back as soon as I got out.解 析 :1-5 was walking,began;were doing,was studying;was mending;were having;was watching,was making6-10 was working,was sleeping;were talking,came;was fixing,was doing;were having,arrived;was looking,was sleeping11-15 telephoned,was lying;was raining,got;was having,rang;were making,was;was reading,came 16-20 were reading,went;was waiting;was cooking,was washing;was listening;were planning; 21-22 was making;was taking5 / 5
牛津译林版八年级上册英语Unit 8 语法讲解和练习-(含答案)
