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1、Yes, Impostor Syndrome Is Real强烈自我怀疑? 那是冒名顶替症候群在作怪H ave you ever felt like you dont belong? Like your friends or colleagues are going to discover youre a fraud (骗子), and you dont actually deserve your accomplishments?I f so, youre in good company. These feelings are known as impostor syndrome (冒名顶 替
2、症候群), or what psychologists often call impostor phenomenon. An estimated 70 percentof people even brilliant ones experience these impostor feelings at some point in theirlives, according to an article published in the International Journal of Behavioral Science.Impostor syndrome the idea that youve
3、only succeeded owing to luck or good timingrather than your talent or qualifications was first identified in 1978 by psychologists PaulineRose Clance and Suzanne Imes. In their paper, they theorized( 从理论上说明) that womenwere uniquely affected by the syndrome. Since then, research has shown that both m
4、en andwomen experience impostor feelings. Today, impostor syndrome can apply to anyone “who isnt able to internalize (使内化) and own their successes.Some experts believe experiencing impostor syndrome has to do with personality traits like anxiety or neuroticism ( 神经质 ). Others focus on family or beha
5、vioral causes. Forinstance, childhood memories, such as feeling that your grades were never good enough for your parents or that your siblings (兄弟姐妹) always did better than you in certain areas, can leave a lasting impact.External factors, such as environment and institutionalized (约定俗成的) discrimina
6、tion,can also play a major role in arousing impostor feelings. A sense of belonging builds upconfidence. Conversely, the fewer people who look or sound like you, the less confident you feel. This is especially true when you belong to a group for whom there are stereotypes (刻板 印 象 ) about competence,
7、 including women in STEM fields or international students at American universities.There are a number of actions that can significantly help you overcome impostor syndrome: You can share your feelings with trusted friends or mentors (导师); you can write down listsof your achievements, skills and succ
8、esses to demonstrate to yourself that you have concretevalue to share with the world; or you can request ongoing feedback that helps to prove the effortyou put into your work. But in the end, if you are still unable to get rid of these negative feelings, it is important that you seek out a professio
9、nal psychologist.Most people experience moments of doubt, and thats normal. The important part is not tolet that doubt control your actions. You can still have an impostor moment, but not an impostor life.（选自 Sciencemag）1. According to the article, which of the following statements about impostor sy
10、ndrome is NOT true?A. It can affect people from all walks of life.B. Women were initially believed to be more likely to experience it than men.C. There is no single answer regarding why people are affected by it.D. It can be conquered with the help of friends or professionals.2. According to the art
11、icle, who is most likely to be affected by impostor syndrome?A. An ordinary person who eventually wins the lottery after ten years of buying lottery tickets.B. An only child in the family who can always live up to his parents expectations.C. A new employee who is appointed to take charge of an impor
12、tant project.D. A professional psychologist who fails to help his patient with a mental problem.译文：你是否曾经觉得自己不属于自己？就像朋友或同事会发现你是骗子一样，你实际上 不应该获得成就吗？如果是这样，则说明你相处良好。这些感觉被称为冒名顶替候群，或心理学家通常 称为冒名顶替现象。根据国际行为科学杂志上发表的一篇文章，估计有 70的人（甚 至是聪明的人）在生活中的某些时候经历过这种冒名顶替的感觉。心理学家 Pauline Rose Clance 和 Suzanne Imes 于 1978 年首次
13、发现了“冒名顶替 综合症”，即你只能靠运气或良好的时机而获得成功的想法，而不是才能或资历。他们 在论文中从理论上说明了理论，即女性受到该综合征的独特影响。从那以后，研究表明 男人和女人都经历过冒名顶替的感觉。如今，冒名顶替综合症适用于“无法内化并拥有自己的成功的任何人”。一些专家认为，经历冒名顶替综合症与人格特质有关，例如焦虑或神经质。其他人 则关注家庭或行为原因。例如，童年时代的记忆，例如觉得成绩对父母永远不够好，或 者您的兄弟姐妹在某些方面总是比您做得好，可能会产生持久的影响。外部因素，例如环境和制度化歧视，也可能在引起冒名顶替者的感受中起主要作用。 归属感可以建立信心。相反，看起来或听起
14、来像你的人越少，信心就越差。当你属于一 个对能力有刻板印象的团体时，尤其是这样，包括 STEM 领域的女性或美国大学的国际 学生。有许多行动可以极大地帮助克服冒名顶替综合症：你可以与可信赖的朋友或导师分 享自己的感受；可以写下自己的成就，技能和成功的清单，向自己证明自己具有与世界 分享的具体价值；或者可以请求持续的反馈，以帮助证明在工作中付出的努力。但是最 后，如果仍然无法摆脱这些负面情绪，那么寻找专业的心理学家就很重要。大多数人都会遇到疑问，这是正常的。重要的是不要让这种怀疑控制你的行动。你 仍然可以拥有假冒的机会，但不能拥有假冒的生活。背景信息：Impostor syndrome (als
15、o known as impostor phenomenon, impostorism, fraud syndromeor the impostor experience) is a psychological pattern in which one doubts onesaccomplishments and has a persistent internalized fear of being exposed as a fraud. Despiteexternal evidence of their competence, those experiencing this phenomen
16、on remain convincedthat they are frauds, and do not deserve all they have achieved. Individuals with impostorismincorrectly attribute their success to luck, or interpret it as a result of deceiving others intothinking they are more intelligent than they perceive themselves to be. While early researc
17、hfocused on the prevalence among high-achieving women, impostor syndrome has been recognized to affect both men and women equally.冒名顶替综合症（也称为冒名顶替现象，冒名顶替，欺诈综合症或冒名顶替者经历）是一种心理模式，在这种模式中，一个人怀疑自己的成就，并持续地内在地害怕被暴露 为“欺诈”。 尽管有外部证据表明他们有能力，但经历这种现象的人仍然坚信他们是 欺诈，不应该得到他们所取得的一切。 冒名顶替的人错误地将自己的成功归因于运气， 或者将其解释为欺骗他人以为自己
18、比自己想象的要聪明的结果。 尽管早期的研究集中 于高成就女性的患病率，但人们认识到冒名顶替综合症对男性和女性的影响均等。单词：1. qualificationn. a skill, personal quality, or type of experience that makes you suitable for a particular job or position （胜任某一工作或职位所需的）技能条件，资历e.g. There have been questions about his qualifications to lead the company. qualify v. 使有资格 qualified adj. 有资格的2. discriminationn. the practice of treating one person or group different from another in an unfair way 歧视 e.g. There is widespread discrimination against older people in the job market.答案：1.B 2.C
2020年高考英语外刊时事命题阅读理解：强烈自我怀疑 那是冒名顶替症候群在作怪
