研究生英语课件unit1

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1、Company LogoUnit 1 Coping with the ComplimentMain Idea of the Textu In the text,Harry Allen Smith offers some ideas about how to deal with compliments.By his own experiences when receiving a compliment,he asserts that in social intercourse a compliment is much harder to respond to than an insult.In

2、searching for a technique to cope with compliments,he turns to children and the Spanish-speaking people who are said to be the most conversationally adroit on earth,but they are of no help.Finally he concludes that poise is the basis of all graceful social intercourse.So the only sensible response t

3、o a compliment is：Thank You.Company LogoWords&Expressions1.cope with 2.blurt out 3.inarticulate 4.bestow sth.upon（on）sb.5.downright 6.carry sb.away 7.well off 8.get possession of 9.put ones mind to e up with 11.brush sth.off 12.on the right track13.appalled 14.be inept at doing sth.15.fall flat 16.f

4、all apart 17.execrable18.adroit 19.poise 20.etiquette port 22.the chances are（that）Company LogoWords&Expressions1.cope with be able to deal with（sth.）difficult;manage successfullyExamples：nThey lack the strength to cope with all the problems as they are not quite experienced.nEven Mr.Smith,who is no

5、ted for his inexhaustible patience,could not cope with this difficult student.2.blurt out say（sth.）suddenly or without thinking of the effect or resultExamples：nPeter was so excited that he blurted the news out before we could stop him.nKids are known for blurting something important out at unusual

6、times.Company LogoWords&Expressions3.inarticulate adj.unable to express oneself clearly and fluentlyExamples：u My meetings with him left me inarticulate with rage.u Maisie had always thought of herself as being uneducated and inarticulate,and was surprised that anyone should ask her opinion.4.bestow

7、 sth.upon（on）sb.present sth.as a gift to sb.Examples：u He doesnt deserve the praise that has been bestowed upon him.u The new ruler took his enemies property and bestowed it upon his followers.Company LogoWords&Expressions5.downright adj.used to emphasize that something is completely bad or untrueEx

8、amples：u She had made trouble whenever she could,stealing her boyfriends by telling downright lies.u I thought my wedding was,despite its lacking the familiar trappings of tradition,downright legal.6.carry sb.away （usu.passive）cause sb.to lose self-control or be very excitedExamples：u He was so carr

9、ied away by fear that he didnt know what he was saying.u When we listen to music we should allow ourselves to be carried away into the musical paradise.Company LogoWords&Expressions7.well off in a very good position or condition,esp.financiallyExamples：uYou shouldnt grumble about that house;you dont

10、 realize when youre well off.uI think youd be better off if you just moved back to your mothers house for a while.8.get possession of become the owner or occupier（of sth.）Examples：uWe didnt get possession of the car until a few days after the auction.uHow did you get possession of the painting?Compa

11、ny LogoWords&Expressions9.put ones mind to sth.give all ones attention to（achieving）sth.Examples：u I dont think youre incapable of accomplishing that task;if you put your mind to it,you can do it.u The scientist put his mind to the math problem to solve e up with find or produce（an answer,a solution

12、,etc.）Examples：u Scientists will have to come up with new methods of increasing the worlds food supply.u He receives ideas,organizes and comes up with interpretations and new ideas.Company LogoWords&Expressions11.brush sth.off remove sth.with a brush;ignore sth.Examples：nJohn brushed off Bills warni

13、ng that he might fall from the tree.nIve tried to make contact with the neighbors but theyve always brushed me off.12.on the right track thinking or acting in a correct wayExamples：nHe solved the problem in no time because he started out on the right track.nWeve had the initial test results and it l

14、ooks as though were on the right track.Company LogoWords&Expressions13.appalled adj.very shocked and upset by something very bad or unpleasantExamples：nAppalled at the state of the kitchen,she set about scrubbing away the layers of grime and grease.nWhen I heard what had happened I was absolutely ap

15、palled.14.be inept at doing sth.be completely unskillful at doing sth.Examples：nIn some parts of China,a woman inept at stitching will be laughed at.nWhether a student is skillful or inept at performing the task depends a great deal on the teachers instructions.Company LogoWords&Expressions15.fall f

16、lat （of a joke,story,performance,etc.）fail completely to produce the effect intended or expectedExamples：nWhat we meant to be a funny story fell completely flat.nThe scheme for rebuilding the city centre fell flat,owing to the refusal of the council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would

17、have required.16.fall apart break;fall to piecesExamples：nAnn did what she could do to keep the marriage from falling apart.nThe only flaw of the poem is that the rhyme falls apart in the last line.Company LogoWords&Expressions17.execrable adj.very bad;detestable Examples：uCritics blame the students

18、 poor test performances on execrable teaching.uYour handwriting is so execrable that I can hardly read it.18.adroit adj.skilfulExamples：uThey are highly efficient and especially adroit at persuading the employees to do more work.uEmploying such devices is a fine test of sheer writing skill,of carefu

19、l and adroit manipulation of language.Company LogoWords&Expressions19.poise n.dignity and self-confidence Examples：uThey felt that he lacked sufficient poise and confidence for the job.uNigel was ostentatiously smoking a big cigar to give an illusion of poise.20.etiquette n.rules for correct or poli

20、te behavior between people or within certain professionsExamples：uIt was considered a breach of etiquette to refuse an invitation.uProfessional etiquette dictates that judges should not express their opinions about a case in public.Company LogoWords&Eport vt.behave（oneself）Examples：u He comported hi

21、mself in a way that won him respect.u The teacher tells us what things are like,how the world is,and how we should comport ourselves in it.22.the chances are（that）it is likely thatExamples：u The chances are that she has already known the bad news,otherwise she wouldnt look so desperate.u The chances

22、 are that the insecticide is a potential threat to many species of birds and may even lead to their extinction.Company LogoPassage analysisLanguage points:u(line 1)I have never cultivated a mustache though Im sure one would enhance my distinguished looks and cause women to giggle as I passed along t

23、he boulevard.uI have never got a mustache,though Im sure if I had a mustache,I would look more handsome,and will make women laugh as I passed along the boulevard.尽管我确信蓄胡子会使我更加气度不凡，走在大街上会使女性发笑，但我从不留胡子.Company LogoPassage analysiscultivate a moustache 留胡子 cultivate:foster the growth ofeg.He is cultiva

24、ting a blond mustache which will not take.他嘴巴上留起了不招人喜欢的淡黄色的他嘴巴上留起了不招人喜欢的淡黄色的小胡子。小胡子。enhance:make better or more attractive eg.This sauce will enhance the flavor of the meat.Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 4)It invites compliments.uIt encourages others to pay me compliments.它会招来别人的恭维。u(line 7)I mi

25、ght be thrown into such a panic that Id blurt out.uI might feel great panic suddenly so that I would say without hesitation.我可能会惊慌得脱口而出.Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 9)It is one of the paradoxes of social intercourse that a compliment is harder to respond to than an insult.uThe fact that it is

26、harder to respond to a compliment than an insult seems to be foolish or impossible in social communication but has some truth in it.在社会交往中，应对恭维比对付辱骂要艰难得多，这话听起来有点矛盾，却有一定的道理。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 10)Here is an area of small talk that most of us act awkwardly.uCompliment is the conversatio

27、n about everyday matters but most of us dont know how to respond to it properly.闲聊时来句恭维话，往闲聊时来句恭维话，往往让我们大多数人不知所措。往让我们大多数人不知所措。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 12)Someone utters a pleasing,praiseful remark in our direction and we grow inarticulate and our kneecaps begin to vibrate.uSomeone pays a c

28、ompliment to us and we will feel at a loss and our kneecaps begin to tremble.有人对我们说上一句动听、赞美的话，有人对我们说上一句动听、赞美的话，我们就慌得说不出话来，膝盖开始瑟瑟我们就慌得说不出话来，膝盖开始瑟瑟发抖。发抖。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 14)I cant accept with grace a compliment bestowed upon me for a thing that isnt reall mine.uI couldnt embrace the

29、particular compliment which is beyond me.如果别人称赞不是真正属于我自己的东西时，我根本无法欣然接受.Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 18)I didnt do it.uI didnt create the beautiful valley.山谷不是我造的.u(line 21)The nearest I ever came to downright acceptance of this particular compliment was the time I said,“Well,we like it.”uI eve

30、r came nearest to complete acceptance of this particular compliment when I said,“Well,we like it.”我在接受这种特定的恭维时，表示最能完全接受的说法就是“嗯，我们喜欢。”Company LogoPassage analysisn(line 30).carried away by the vastness of his complimentary remark.ntoo excited by the empty complimentary remark被他的这种极度夸张的恭维话所吸引的Company

31、LogoPassage analysisn(line 32)I think we make a mistake when we react to a compliment with denial and derogation.nI think it improper to say“no”to a compliment or to lessen a compliment.我认为，对待恭维采取否定和贬低的态度是错误的。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 35)The situation here is much the same as the one regard

32、ing my view.u这种情景，与我上述提出的观点非常相似。Company LogoPassage analysisn(line 42)I know a man who has put his mind to this problem and come up with a technique for brushing off praise.nI know a man who gives all his thoughts and attention to this problem and thinks of a way to remove praise.我认识一个潜心研究这种问题的人，他想出

33、了一个办法来避开别人的表扬。Company LogoPassage analysisn(line 43)He employs a sort of unreasonable realism.nHe adopts a very realist but quite unreasonable approach.他采取了一种不近情理的现实态度。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 51)I dont think this fellow is on the right track.uI dont think this fellow acts in a right way.我

34、想这个家伙回答的方式有问题。u(line 55)This sort of thing,the witty reply,ought to be placed under government regulation.uThe clever reply of this kind should be discouraged from being overused.这种俏皮机智的应答，应该置于政府的规定之中。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 61)That one,I thought,was more than passable.uI thought that rep

35、ly was fairly good.我想，这个回答相当不错。u(line 61)But for every genuinely clever retort there are a thousand that fall flat.uOut of a thousand replies that fail to produce the desired effect,only one is really clever.但是，在千百次的应对中才会有一句真正巧妙的应答。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 61)It takes a Dorothy Parker or a

36、 George S.Kaufman to handle the quip comeback with skill.uOnly a person like Dorothy Parker or George S.Kaufman can manage a clever reply skillfully.只有像多萝西帕克或乔治考夫曼这样的人才能应对自如。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 68)swell out their chestsu挺着胸脯 swell:(swelled;swollen)1.increase in size,magnitude,number,o

37、r intensityeg.The music swelled to a crescendo.2.become filled with pride,arrogance,or angereg.The mother was swelling with pride when she spoke of her son=puff up,Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 80)I worked like a dog to get it written.uI worked very hard to write it.我当时写得好苦啊。Company LogoPassage

38、 analysisu(line 81).the unwritten code of authorhood.uthe convention that authors have to follow著书人的一条不成文的规定u(line 100).with immeasurably lovely egg on your face.uwith your feeling extremely embarrassed一脸尴尬 Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 101)There is no point in trying to play the game back at t

39、hem theyll top you in the end,no matter what.uIt is no use trying to make a clever retort theyll eventually surpass you in all situations.要想回敬他们是没有用的不管说什么，最后他们总会占上风。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 103).at the bottom of all graceful social intercourse lies poise.ukeeping dignified and confident is

40、 the most important in all decent social intercourse在所有得体的社交场合，最根本的就是保持镇定 Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 109).a lady of quality.ua lady of high social position 一位贵妇人 u(line 109)Given the same circumstances I would have quietly asked for a coil of rope.uIf I were in the same situation,I would hav

41、e felt so ashamed as to hang myself with a coil of rope without being noticed.要是我遇到这种情况，我会感到极为窘迫，恨不得悄悄地找根绳子去上吊。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 111)He said,with superb calmness and gravity,“Madam,I will thank you for that goose.”uHe said,very calmly and seriously,“Madam,I will thank you if you giv

42、e me back the goose.”（The man cleverly shifts the embarrassment by deliberating talking down to her in a formal and dignified way.）他极为平静而庄重地说，“夫人，您把那鹅给我，我将感激不尽。”Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 112)If we could all comport ourselves with that kind of dignity,and quit jittering,our social life would

43、 be much more enjoyable.u要是我们的行为举止都能保持这种风度，摆脱局促不安，那我们的社交生活就会有趣得多。Company LogoPassage analysisu(line 116).the chances hes just making conversation.u.it is very likely that he just wants to have a talk with you.他可能只是想和你说说话。Company LogoSection foursection threeSection twoSection one Text organization.(

44、Para.1-4)Its difficult to accept with grace a particular compliment.(Para.5-7)People make mistakes when reacting to a compliment with denial and derogation.(Para.8-11)different techniques employed by different people to cope with compliments.(Para.12-13)conclusion:the poise in all social intercourse

45、-the only sensible response to complimentsPassage analysisCompany LogoKey to ExercisesIII.Vocabulary A.1.came up with 2.The chances are 3.fell flat 4.bestowed upon 5.downright 6.put your mind 7.appalled 8.verdict 9.poise 10.blurted outCompany LogoKey to ExercisesuB.1.inarticulate 2.insults 3.inept 4

46、.glowingly 5.execrable 6.enhance 7.invite 8.sickly 9.adroit 10.charmingCompany LogoKey to ExercisesuC.1.A2.C3.C4.B5.A6.C7.D8.A9.C10.ACompany LogoKey to ExercisesIV.Cloze1.hesitant 2.playing 3.contributes4.or 5.confidence6.external 7.lurking 8.whose9.because 10.withhold 11.Given 12.for 13.perspective

47、 petition 16.achieved17.equal 18.based19.enters20.enhancing Company LogoKey to ExercisesuTranslation uA.我想了片刻，觉得世界上讲西班牙语我想了片刻，觉得世界上讲西班牙语的人最善于辞令，也许可以从他们身上的人最善于辞令，也许可以从他们身上学到点什么。你对他们中的一个人赞叹学到点什么。你对他们中的一个人赞叹说，说，“我从来没见过这么漂亮的房子，我从来没见过这么漂亮的房子，”他马上答道，他马上答道，“您大驾光临，更使蓬荜您大驾光临，更使蓬荜生辉。生辉。”让你站在那儿，一脸尴尬。要让你站在那儿，一脸

48、尴尬。要想回敬他们是没有用的想回敬他们是没有用的不管说什么，不管说什么，最后他们总会占上风。最后他们总会占上风。Company LogoKey to Exercisesu有一点很清楚：有一点很清楚：在所有得体的社交场合，最根在所有得体的社交场合，最根本的就是保持镇定。伊利莎本的就是保持镇定。伊利莎法勒写过一本美国法勒写过一本美国最早的有关礼仪方面的书。她在书中讲述了一最早的有关礼仪方面的书。她在书中讲述了一个故事，阐明保持镇定的重要性。那是在新英个故事，阐明保持镇定的重要性。那是在新英格兰举行的一次高雅的宴会上，主人切鹅时，格兰举行的一次高雅的宴会上，主人切鹅时，鹅不慎脱手，滑出了盘子，落在一

49、位贵妇人的鹅不慎脱手，滑出了盘子，落在一位贵妇人的衣裙上。要是我遇到这种情况，我会感到极为衣裙上。要是我遇到这种情况，我会感到极为窘迫，恨不得悄悄地找根绳子去上吊。可是，窘迫，恨不得悄悄地找根绳子去上吊。可是，这位主人却泰然自若。他极为平静而庄重地说，这位主人却泰然自若。他极为平静而庄重地说，“夫人，您把那鹅给我，我将感激不尽。夫人，您把那鹅给我，我将感激不尽。”要要是我们的行为举止都能保持这种风度，摆脱局是我们的行为举止都能保持这种风度，摆脱局促不安，那我们的社交生活就会有趣得多。促不安，那我们的社交生活就会有趣得多。Company LogoKey to Exercisesu如果我们牢记下面

50、这一点，我们就会显如果我们牢记下面这一点，我们就会显得更加镇定自如：得更加镇定自如：每当有人恭维你时，每当有人恭维你时，他可能只是想和你说说话。唯一明智的他可能只是想和你说说话。唯一明智的回答就是由八个小小的字母构成两个简回答就是由八个小小的字母构成两个简洁的小词：洁的小词：Thank you！Company LogoKey to ExercisesuB.An important step in becoming an effective flatterer is to understand why flattery helps you establish better relationshi

51、ps with others.The root cause of the power of flattery gets at a basic principle of human behavior：People crave being appreciated.The vast majority of people are of the similar idea despite different cultures.In Asian cultures the desire for group recognition is generally stronger than the desire fo

52、r individual recognition.Nevertheless,the need for recognition is present.Company LogoKey to ExercisesuMany people hold that the joy of work itself is more important than external recognition,including flattery.The joy of work may be a powerful motivator,but even those who get the biggest joy from t

53、heir work such as scientists,artists,and photographers crave flattery and recognition.Otherwise they wouldnt compete for Nobel Prizes or enter their work in important exhibitions.Company LogoKey to ExercisesuAnother reason flattery is so effective relates to the normal need to be recognized.Although some articles and books have been written and preached zealously about flattery,most people receive less recognition than they deserve.Many people hardly ever receive compliments either on the job or at home,thus intensifying their demand for flattery.