三十六计中英文翻译

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1、1.瞒天过海 Cross the sea under camouflage。 2.围魏救赵 Relieve the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei。 3.借刀杀人 Kill someone with a borrowed knife。 4.以逸待劳 Wait for the exhausted enemy at ones ease。 5.趁火打劫 Loot a burning house。 6.声东击西 Clamor in the east, attack in the west。 7.无中生有 Create something out

2、of nothing。 8.暗渡陈仓 Pretend to take one path while sneaking down the other。 9.隔岸观火 Watch a fire burning from the other side of the river。 10.笑里藏刀 Knife hidden under the smiling face。 11.李代桃僵 Sacrifice the plum for the peach。 12.顺手牵羊 Take the opportunity to pilfer a goat。 13.打草惊蛇 Disturb the snake by

3、hitting the grass。 14.借尸还魂 Borrow anothers body to return the soul。 15.调虎离山 Entice the tiger to leave the mountain。 16.欲擒故纵 To catch something, first let it go。 17.抛砖引玉 Bait a piece of jade with a brick。 18.擒贼擒王 To catch the bandit ,first capture their leader。 19.釜底抽薪 Take away the firewood under th

4、e cooking pot。 20.混水摸鱼 Fish in troubled water。 21.金蝉脱壳 Get away like the cicada sloughing its skin。 22.关门捉贼 Shut the door to catch the thief。 23.远交近攻 Befriend a distant state while attacking a neighbor。 24.假途伐虢 Obtain safe passage to conquer the enemy。 25.偷梁换柱 Replace the beams with rotten timbers。

5、26.指桑骂槐 Revile the locust tree while pointing at the mulberry。 27.假痴不癫 Play dumb, remain smart。 28.上屋抽梯 Pull down the ladder after ascent。 29.树上开花 Deck the tree with bogus blossom。 30.反客为主 Make the guest and host change places。 31.美人计 The beauty trap; Use seductive women to corrupt the enemy。 32.空城计

6、 Present a bold front to conceal unpreparedness。 33.反间计 Sow discord among the enemy; Use double agent。 34.苦肉计 Inflict injury upon oneself to gain trust。 35.连环计 Chain together the enemys ships。 36.走为上 Run away to fight another day; Escape is the bestpolicy。 强震引发日本离婚典礼Ceremonies to celebrate divorces

7、have gained momentum in Japan after the massive March earthquake and tsunami, followed by an ongoing nuclear crisis, caused unhappy couples to reassess their lives. 日本自今年三月发生强震和海啸以来，举办离婚典礼的人数激增。这些灾难以及随后发生的持续性核危机促使生活原本不幸福的夫妇开始重新审视生活。The ceremony to mark a couples transition to being single again cost

8、s 55,000 yen ($690), includes a buffet meal and culminates with the ritual smashing of their wedding rings with a gavel.离婚典礼花费为5.5万日元（690美元），用来庆祝双方重返单身，包括一顿自助餐。夫妇一起手握木槌、砸毁婚戒时，离婚典礼达到高潮。Tomoharu Saito, who took part in Tokyo with his wife Miki days before they were set to file for divorce, said crushi

9、ng the rings felt cathartic.在离婚登记几天前，斋藤友治和妻子美树在东京举办了离婚典礼。他说，砸毁婚戒使情感得到了宣泄。I did not think the ring could be crushed that easily, but it did, he said. I was shocked but at the same time, I feel it helped me make a clean break.他说：“我原本觉得婚戒不容易被打碎，但其实不然。我很吃惊，但同时也相信这能够让我重获新生。”The ceremony also includes a d

10、ivorce dress, and Miki Saito chose a daisy-yellow summer dress. In Japan, daisies are believed to symbolize an amicable or platonicrelationship.该典礼还要求身着“离婚礼服”，斋藤美树挑选了一件菊花黄色的夏裙。雏菊在日本象征着“友好的情谊，或者柏拉图式的理想关系”。Designer Akiue Go said he created the dress with emphasis on the back for a specific reason. I d

11、esigned this dress so the womans back looks the most beautiful when she turns around and walks away, he said.礼服设计者伍秋植称，他将礼服背面作为设计重点，有特别的用意。他说：“我如此设计这条裙子，为的是让女人转身离去时留下最美的背影。”Hiroki Terai, a 31-year-old former salesman, spotted a gap in the market and pioneered the divorce ceremony two years ago. Sinc

12、e then, hes celebrated more than 80 breakups.31岁的寺井广树曾经是一名推销员，他在两年前发现了这一市场空白，开创了离婚典礼。至今，他已为80多对夫妇举办了离婚典礼。Requests for the ceremony have tripled since the March 11 9.0 magnitude quake set off a massive tsunami.自3月11日日本发生9级大地震及海啸以来，离婚典礼的申办量达到原来的三倍。The March 11 disaster made many couples rethink their

13、priorities. Some found that work was a higher priority to them than family, and this helped people gain the confidence to decide on a divorce, Terai said.寺井广树说：“311大地震让许多夫妇重新审视生活的重心。一些人认为工作比家庭更重要，这坚定了他们离婚的信心。Those who want an amicable divorce are doing these ceremonies.“想要和平分手的人都举行这种离婚典礼。”Miki Saito

14、 said the earthquake made her realize she wanted to be closer to her parents, who live in northeastern Japan in one of the areas badly affected by the quake.斋藤美治说，地震的发生让她想要离父母近一些。她的父母住在日本东北部，那里是受灾最严重的地区之一。After the quake, my desire to go back and live with my parents grew stronger, she said.她说，“地震发生

15、后，我想要回去跟父母同住的愿望更强烈了”。Guest Hiroko Tada was present for both the beginning and the end of the Saitos marriage. Id say congratulations to the amicabledivorce, she said. I could have never imagined this day would come because I was at their wedding, but since they did break up, this is one of the best

16、ways to do it.嘉宾寺广树见证了斋藤友治的结婚典礼和离婚典礼。她说，“我想祝贺他们能够和平分手。我从来没有想过会有这一天，因为当初我参加了他们的婚礼。但既然他们决定离婚，能举行离婚典礼最好不过了”。Vocabulary:cathartic: 情感宣泄clean break: 彻底决裂，一刀两断platonic: purely spiritual; free from sensual desire, especially in a relationship between two persons of the opposite sex（柏拉图主义的，理想的）amicable: 友善的

17、，和平的上传的附件:男女大脑间重大差异的发现Womens brains are different from mens 1Men and women show differences in behaviour because their brains are physically distinct organs, new research suggests. Male and female brains appear to be constructed from markedly different genetic blueprints。2The differences in the circ

18、uitry1 that wires them up and the chemicals that transmit messages inside them are so great as to point to the conclusion that there is not just one kind of human brain, but two, according to recent neurological2 studies。3Men may be from Mars and women may be from Venus, and since the American psych

19、otherapist3 John Gray wrote his famous book, in 1992, on the idea, it has been a commonplace to think of men and women as being from different planets in terms of their emotional responses。4 But until recently, these differences were often explained by the action of adult sex hormones, or by social

20、pressures that encouraged malesand females to behave in a certain way。5Increasingly, however, these assumptions are being challenged, according to a review of recent neurological research appearing in recent New Scientist magazine, and it is becoming clear that the brains of men and women show numer

21、ous anatomical4 differences。6Some of these divergences, the review by Hannah Hoag suggests, could explain a number of mysteries, such as why men and women are prone to different mental health problems, why some drugs work well for one sex but have little effect on the other, and why chronic pain ten

22、ds to affect women more than men。7Although it has long been known that there were some male-female differences, it was thought they were confined to the hypothalamus5, the brain region involved in regulating food intake, fighting and the sex drive, among other things. But it is becoming clear that t

23、he relative sizes of many of the structures inside female brains are different from those of males。8One study, by scientists at Harvard Medical School, found that partsof the frontal lobe6, which houses decisionmaking and problemsolving functions, were proportionally larger in women, as was the limb

24、ic cortex, which regulates emotions. Other studies have found that the hippocampus7, involved in shortterm memory and spatial navigation, is also proportionally larger in women than in men perhaps surprisingly, given womens reputation as bad map readers says the New Scientist review。9Proportionally

25、larger brain areas in men include the parietal cortex, which processes signals from the sensory organs and is involved in space perception, and the amygdala8, which controls emotions and social and sexual behaviour. The mere fact that a structure is different in size suggests a difference in functio

26、nal organisation, says Dr Larry Cahill of the Centre for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, at the University of California, Irvine。10One area of research concerns the brains painsuppressing mechanisms, and points to the fact that they may be organised differently in men and women. This would

27、explain why women can suffer longterm pain more, and why there can be sex differences in response to opiumderived pain killing drugs. The study notes: Women get more relief from the opioid painkiller nalbuphine9 compared to men, whereas in men morphine is more effective and nalbuphine actually incre

28、ases the pain intensity. It is possible these findings could lead to new painkillers being developed that are tailored to be more effective in women but that is some way off 10。11Mental health is another area where real brain differences may offer explanations. Women are diagnosed with depression tw

29、ice as often as men, and this may be linked to relative levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Boys, on the other hand, are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with autism, Tourettes syndrome11, dyslexia, attentiondeficit disorder and earlyonset schizophrenia. The review reports that Margaret

30、McCarthy of the University of Maryland in Baltimore believes that hormonelike substances called prostaglandins, which help masculinise the male brain around the time of birth, may be partly to blame。12One of the reasons why physiological differences between male and female brains have not been widel

31、y noted before may be that most of what we know about the brain comes from studies of males, animals and human volunteers。13Professor Jeff Mogil from McGill University, in Montreal, Canada, who has demonstrated major differences in pain processing in males and females, puts it even more forcefully.

32、He is astonished that so many researchers have failed to include female animals in their studies. Its scandalous, he said. Women are the most common pain sufferers, and yet our model for basic pain research is the male rat.1最新研究表明，男女行为上表现出来的差异是因为他们的大脑是有着显著不同的器官。男性与女性大脑看来似乎建构于明显不同的基因蓝图。2根据近期的神经学研究，连接

33、他们大脑的脑电网络与在大脑内部传输信息的化学物质差异巨大从而使人们得出结论并不只有一种人类大脑，而是两种。3男人可能来自于火星，而女人则可能来自于金星。自从1992年美国心理治疗专家约翰？格雷在他所写的大名鼎鼎的著作中阐述了这一观点之后，从情感回应方面说来，认为男性和女性来自于不同的行星便已成为老生常谈之事。4直到最近，这些不同还经常被解释为是由于成年人性激素的作用或是社会压力促使男性和女性按照某种既有的模式行事。5然而根据新科学家杂志上刊登的一篇近期神经学研究回顾文章，这些假设正逐渐受到挑战。事实愈发清楚地表明男女大脑存在着诸多解剖差异。6汉纳霍格写的这篇回顾文章中指出这些差异中的一部分可用

34、来解释大量谜团。例如，男性和女性为何倾向于产生不同的心理健康问题，为何某些药品对一种性别效果不错，而对另外一种性别却是收效甚微，为何慢性疼痛对女性的影响往往会多于男性。7尽管男女有别早被人知，但此种认识只被局限于下丘脑即专门用于调节食物摄取、争斗、性发育驱动的大脑区域。人们越来越清楚地认识到女性大脑中的许多构造的相对尺寸与男性的有所不同。8 从来自哈佛大学医学院的科学家们所进行的一项研究中发现女性大脑前额叶中具有决策和解决问题功能的那些部分从比例上说要比男性大，调节情感的皮质边缘也是如此。其它研究还发现，女性大脑中参与短时记忆和空间导向的海马区也要比男性的大些或许令人惊讶，新科学家杂志中的回顾

35、一文写到 “女性被称作糟糕的地图识别者” 。9按比例来说，男性比女性大的大脑结构包括顶叶皮质(负责处理来自于感知器官的信号并参与空间感知)和杏仁体(用于控制情感以及社会行为和性行为)。加州大学尔湾分校学习与记忆神经生物学中心的拉里？卡西尔博士说，“一种结构在尺寸上的差异这一事实表明功能组织的不同。10研究的一个领域涉及大脑的镇痛机制，这一研究指出如下事实，即男性和女性的镇痛机制组织不同。这些应该能解释女性更能承受常时间疼痛的原因以及为什么会有对鸦片类镇痛药物反应的性别差异。研究显示：“和男性比起来，女性可以从鸦片类镇痛药纳布芬中得到更多的缓解，但是对男性来说，吗啡对镇痛更有效而纳布芬却加重了疼

36、痛。”这些发现可能导致开发出适用于女性更有效的新型止痛药剂，但那任重而道远。11 心理健康是真实的大脑差异可能提供解释的另一个研究领域。女性被诊断为抑郁症的数量是男性的二倍，这可能与神经传递介质血清素的相对水平有关。而另一方面男孩比女孩更易患自闭症、抽动症、失语症、注意力统合失调症以及早期攻击精神分裂症。这份回顾文章报告说在巴尔的摩马里兰大学的玛格丽特麦卡锡相信那些被叫做前列腺素的在出生前后促进男性大脑雄性化的激素类物质是导致这些疾病的部分原因。12之所以以前人们没有更多注意到男女大脑的生理差异，其中一个原因是我们所了解的绝大部分大脑知识都来自于对雄性动物及男性自愿者的研究。13加拿大蒙特利尔

37、麦卡吉尔大学的杰夫摩泽尔教授已经演示了男女在疼痛感受上的主要差异，这使这项研究更有说服力。他很震惊，那么多的研究者在研究中没有包括雌性动物。他说：“这是可耻的。因为女性是最常见的疼痛承受者，而我们最基本的疼痛研究样本是雌性鼠。”100句英语7000个单词1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope， or pronghorn.美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。2. Of the millions who saw Haleys comet in 1986， how many

38、 people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century？1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear， happiness， sadness， and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。4. Because of it

39、s irritating effect on humans， the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。5. In group to remain in existence， a profit-making organization must， in the long run， produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出

40、消费者可用或需要的产品。6. The greater the population there is in a locality， the greater the need there is for water， transportation， and disposal of refuse.一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。7. It is more difficult to write simply， directly， and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obs

41、cure ones meaning.简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized， designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer， less severe interiors.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while sland

42、er is spoken.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。10. The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。11. Acids are chemical compounds that， in water solution， have a sharp taste， a corrosive action on metals， and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes r

43、ed.酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。12. Billie Holidays reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.Billie Holidays作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。13. Essentially， a theory is an abstract， symbolic representation of what is conceiv

44、ed to be reality.理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language， they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。15. Thanks to modern irrigation， crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothin

45、g but cacti and sagebrush could live.受当代灌溉（技术设施）之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。17. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous

46、set of methods and techniques to do ent observations that can be checked by others.人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。18. Fungi are important in the process of decay， which returns ingredients to the soil， enhances soil fertility， and decomposes animal debris.真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程

47、将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。19. When it is struck， a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone， retaining its pitch over a long period of time.音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States， they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.虽

48、然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。23. Over a

49、 very large number of trials， the probability of an events occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。24. Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substances solid is higher than the density of its liquid.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态

50、。25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。26. By the middle of the twentieth century， painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。27. In the eastern pa

51、rt of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth， a major shipping and manufacturing center.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。28. Elizabeth Blackwell， the first woman medical doctor in the United States， founded the New York Infirmary， an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.Eli

52、zabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性纽约诊所。29. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked，

53、rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance.采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。31. Although apparently rigid， bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。32. That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds wa

54、s once believed by scientists.科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。33. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。34. The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount

55、of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。35. Futurism， an early twentieth-century movement in art， rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一

56、切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。36. One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受（法律）保护。37. Lucretia Motts influence was so significant that she has been credited by some auth

57、orities as the originator of feminism in the United States.Lucretia Motts的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。39. The continental divide refers to an imaginar

58、y line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。40. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on them.对地球引力的

59、研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。41. The annual worth of Utahs manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。43. I

60、t is the interaction between people， rather than the events that occur in their lives， that is the main focus of social psychology.社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。44. No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the Uni

61、ted States.给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。45. Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding places.典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地。46. According to anthropologists， the earliest ancestors of hum

62、ans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially， with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。48. In his writing， John Crowe Ransom describes what he c

63、onsiders the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。49. Children with parents whose guidance is firm， consistent， and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。50. The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably culti